Objective To investigate the spherical diopter and astigmatism change of humans at sitting and supine position.De- sign Prospective case series.Participants 96 eyes of 52 patients (spherical diopter from-2.50 D to-10.00 D,astigmatism diopter from -0.75 D to-4.50 D) were selected.Methods The subjects were examined with NIKON portable retinomax at sitting and supine posi- tion,respectively.Main Outcome Measures The spherical diopter,cylinder diopter and axis change were analyzed statistically.Re- sults Spherical diopter at supine position (-5.31?3.43 D) was a little higher than that at sitting position (-5.27?3.24 D) statistically(P= 0.25),and cylinder diopter at sitting position (-2.27?1.24 D) and at supine position (-2.35?1.19 D) was no statistically difference (P= 0.20).The axis of astigmatism changed from-16?to +18?.Axis change was within 2?in 52.1% eyes,6?-10?in 5.2%,over 10?in 3.1%. The change of axis rotation tended to counter-clockwise in the right eye and clockwise in the left eye.Conclusions Eye rotation at sit- ting and supine position may cause the astigmatism axis change.It may be one of the main factors affecting the results of LASIK.

Objective To identify the relationship among serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] level, chronic inflammation state and malnutrition in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods The serum 25 (OH)D level of 119 patients on MHD was detected. All the patients were divided into three groups according to the serum 25(OH)D level. Vitamin D deficiency: 25(OH)D ≤ 15 ng/mL, vitamin D insufficiency: 15 ng/mL <25(OH)D ≤ 30 ng/mL, vitamin D normal: 25(OH)D > 30 ng/mL. Inflammatory factor and nutritive index were compared among the three groups. Result The average of serum 25 (OH)D level was 3.4~45.3 ng/mL (22.5~14.8 ng/mL), and the prevalence of 25 (OH)D deficiency and insufficiency was 88.2%. Significant differences existed in age, inflammatory factor (IL-6, TNF-α, CRP) and nutritive index (Alb, PA, SGA) between 25(OH)D deficiency, insufficiency groups and normal group (P<0.05). Conclusion The serum 25(OH)D level is possibly related to the malnutrition in MHD patients. It may inhibit chronic inflammation state , in which it can promote state of nutrition of MHD patients.

ObjectiveTo study the effect and mechanism of vagus nerve stimulation(VNS) on seizure in animal with epilepsy.MethodsSeizures of 34 rats and 8 rabbits were induced by Penicillin, Kainic acid(KA) and Strychnice respectively. Electrocorticographic(ECoG), electrical activition of hippocampal neurons and behaviour were observed to evidence the effects of left intermittent VNS .ResultsVNS could suppress seizures in animal models with epilepsy. There were significant changes in epileptiform ECoG, discharges of hippcampal neuron and behaviour. ConclusionSomatic seizure can be effectively inhibited by visceral afferent inputs through integration in cortical and hippocampal parts.

OBJECTIVE:To establish HPLC fingerprint for the leaves of Camptotheca acuminante in Guizhou.METHODS:HPLC method was performed.The determination was performed on Gemini-NX C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.2％ phosphoric acid (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 370 ran,and the column temperature maintained at 30 2.The sample size was 10 μtL.Using sorbitol as a reference,HPLC fingerprints of 14 batches of the leaves of C.acuminante were determined.The chromatographic fingerprint was analyzed with Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM (2004 A) in terms of common peak indentification,similarity evaluation and cluster analysis.RESULTS:There were 10 common peaks in HPLC fingerprints for 14 batches of the leaves of C.acuminate.And the similarity of 13 batches of the leaves of C.acuminate was greater than 0.90,and that of another one was less than 0.90.The leaves of C.acuminate were classified into 3 groups.CONCLUSIONS:The established fingerprint can provide reference for identification and quality evaluation of the leaves of C.acuminate.

BACKGROUND:Numerous studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cel s (MSCs) can effectively attenuate the fibrosis of damaged heart, lung and kidney by secreting various bioactive factors. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the anti-fibrotic therapeutic potential of bone marrow MSCs conditioned media in vitro. METHODS:Normal fibroblasts and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts were treated with bone marrow MSCs conditioned media, then transforming growth factor-βand col agen production were analyzed by ELISA, and mRNA expression level of Smad7 and hydroxyproline content were detected by RT-PCR and colorimetry, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Bone marrow MSCs conditioned media significantly inhibited the production of both transforming growth factor-βand col agen in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (P<0. 01), and up-regulated the mRNA expression level of Smad7 (P<0. 01), a major inhibitory regulator in the SMAD family. However, the normal fibroblasts were scarcely influenced by bone marrow MSCs conditioned media. These findings indicate that bone marrow MSCs conditioned media is considered a promising candidate for the treatment of hypertrophic scars, which may provide new theoretical supports to reduce cutaneous scarring.

Silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC were applied to isolate the chemical constituents from the roots of Ixeris chinensis. Fifteen compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated by the physicochemical properties and spectral analysis as chinensioide G(1), chinensioide B(2), 10α-hydroxy-guaia-12,6-lactone-3-keton(3), chinensioide C(4), 10α-hydroxy-11βH-guaia-4(5) -ene-12,6-lactone (5), 3β, 10α-dihydroxy-11βH-guaia-11 (13)-ene-12,6-lactone (6), 3β, 10α-dihydroxy-4βH, 11βH-guaia-12,6-lactone(7), 3β, 10α-dihydroxy-guaia-4 (15), 11 (13) -diene-12, 6-lactone (8), caffeic acid (9), p-hydorxyphenylacetic acid(10), methyl p-hydroxyphenylacetate (11), ethyl p-hydroxyphenylacetate (12), sitosterol (13), daucosterol (14), and ixerin D(15). Compound 1 was new, and 6 and 7 were isolated from I. chinensis for the first time.
Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

AIM: To investigate the feasibility of reendothelialization of the injured arterial wall by autologous endothelial cell transplantation and their influences on neointima proliferation. METHODS: New Zealand white rabbits (n=30) were subjected to bilateral iliofemoral artery balloon injury. Cultured, autologous venous endothelial cells were immediately transplanted into one vessel(transplantation group), whereas the contralateral artery received medium only(control group). Reendothelialization of the injured arterial wall was analysed 4 hours or 4 days after cell transplantation by fluorescent tracing、scanning electron microscope(SEM) and Evans blue staining. Pathology analysis was employed 28 days after cell transplantation to evaluate neointima proliferation. RESULTS: The transplanted endothelial cells had adhered into the aterial wall 4 hours after transplantation and began to attach and spread 4 days later. A number of fluorescent labeling endothelial cells were observed in the endothelial injured arterial wall. The vessels in control group were stained nearly completely by Evans blue, whereas about 60% area was not stained in transplantation group. Pathological examination demostrated that neointimal area and maximal intima thickness in transplantation group significant decreased than those in control. CONCLUSION: Autologus endothelial cells were effectively transplanted into the injured arterial wall by balloon catheter, and it can relieve neointima proliferation in the long time.

Objective To validate the practical value of zhang-lu index(ZLI) in evaluating the physical growth of neonates.Methods Collecting the data of body weight,height and head circumference from 413 neonates,the results of ZLI were calculated according to the ZLI expression,then through the original date coming from 31 small for gestational age(SGA),65 large for gestational age(LGA) and 317 appropriate for gestational age(AGA),ZLI was compared with the conventional method of body weight for gestational age.Results 1.Compared with the method of body weight for gestational age,the sensitivity was higher than the result validated by the nation.The diffe-(rence) was significantly(P0.05).2.The results of ZLI of neonates in Huaihua city were larger than the reference given by the national of neonatal scientific research associate;The differences were significantly(P

Objective To find out whether people in Xinzhou Shanxi know the hazard of both iodine deficiency disorders and drinking-water-borne endemic tluorosis,in Xinzhou Shanxi and to promote people actively participate in prevention of the diseases and to achieve a sustainable development of health education in endemic diseases.Methods Ningwu,Baode,Kelan and Jingle Counties were selected to carry out the.health education program of iodine deficiency disorders and Wutai,Xinfu and Fanshi counties were selected to carry out the health education project of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Xinzhou City Shanxi Province in 2011.To carry out the base line questionnaire survey,in the beginning and at the end of the project,three townships from each county were chosen,and one primary school was selected from each chosen township,15 housewives were selected from each chosen township and 30 fifth grade students were selected from each primary school.Results ① The baseline survey:a total of 366 pupils of grade 5 and 183 housewives were investigated,and the awareness rate of iodine deficiency disorders was 77.41％ (850/1098) and 80.33％ (441/549),respectively; a total of 270 pupils of grade 5 and 138 housewives were investigated,and the awareness rate of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis was 80.74％ (654/810) and 81.40％ (337/414),respectively; ② The effect evaluation:a total of 366 pupils of grade 5 and 181 housewives were investigated,and the awareness rates of iodine deficiency disorders were 91.62％ (1006/1098) and 92.45％ (502/543),which were compared with that of baseline investigation,and the awareness rates were improved significantly (x2 =84.69,34.04,all P ＜ 0.01); a total of 270 pupils of grade 5 and 138 housewives were investigated,awareness rates of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis were 93.95％ (761/810) and 93.48％(387/414),which were compared with that of baseline survey,and the awareness rates were improved significantly(x2 =63.94,27.47,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions After implementation of health education project on endemic diseases,the self-protection awareness of the fifth grade students and housewives is promoted effectively,awareness of prevention knowledge on endemic diseases is raised,which lays a foundation for controlling and eliminating the endemic diseases.

Objective To study the lysozyme activity in Oncomelania hupensis and observe its inhibitory effect on bacterial growth.Methods Soft tissues of Oncomelania hupensis were initially homogenized and immersed in Tris-HCl-TritonX-114 buffer solution for 24 hours then the supernatant was collected after centrifugation at 10 000 × g for 10 minutes.The supernatant was incubated in a 37 ℃ water bath for 15 minutes and centrifuged again at 2000 × g for 10 minutes.The precipitate was put into ultrafiltration tube (relative retention molecular mass =3000) and centrifuged at 4 ℃,5 000 × g for 30 minute to obtain concentrated enzyme.The protein content,lysozyme activity and the antibacterial effect on Micrococcus lysodeikticus,Shigella dysenteriae,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Candida albicans were measured with bicinchonininc acid(BCA) method,turbidimetric method and agar diffusion (K-B) method,respectively.Results The antibacterial protein lysozyme was identified in gastropod protein concentration of the concentrated enzyme was 3.428 g/L.Average activity,total activity,and specific activity were (760 ± 120) × 103 U/L,(1520 ± 240) × 103 U/L and (221.70 ± 35.00)U/mg,respectively.The enzyme had produced exclusive inhibitory effects on growth of Micrococcus lysodeikticus and Shigella dysenteriae.Average inhibitory diameters were 10-12 and 12-15 mm,respectively.No inhibition zone was observed in saline control,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.Conclusions Lysozyme can be extracted from soft tissues of Oncomelania hupensis with Tris-HCl-TritonX-114 buffer solution,and the enzyme has inhibitory effect on growth of Micrococcus lysodeikticus and Shigella dysenteriae but has no antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.