Objective To investigate the spherical diopter and astigmatism change of humans at sitting and supine position.De- sign Prospective case series.Participants 96 eyes of 52 patients (spherical diopter from-2.50 D to-10.00 D,astigmatism diopter from -0.75 D to-4.50 D) were selected.Methods The subjects were examined with NIKON portable retinomax at sitting and supine posi- tion,respectively.Main Outcome Measures The spherical diopter,cylinder diopter and axis change were analyzed statistically.Re- sults Spherical diopter at supine position (-5.31?3.43 D) was a little higher than that at sitting position (-5.27?3.24 D) statistically(P= 0.25),and cylinder diopter at sitting position (-2.27?1.24 D) and at supine position (-2.35?1.19 D) was no statistically difference (P= 0.20).The axis of astigmatism changed from-16?to +18?.Axis change was within 2?in 52.1% eyes,6?-10?in 5.2%,over 10?in 3.1%. The change of axis rotation tended to counter-clockwise in the right eye and clockwise in the left eye.Conclusions Eye rotation at sit- ting and supine position may cause the astigmatism axis change.It may be one of the main factors affecting the results of LASIK.

Objective To identify the relationship among serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] level, chronic inflammation state and malnutrition in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods The serum 25 (OH)D level of 119 patients on MHD was detected. All the patients were divided into three groups according to the serum 25(OH)D level. Vitamin D deficiency: 25(OH)D ≤ 15 ng/mL, vitamin D insufficiency: 15 ng/mL <25(OH)D ≤ 30 ng/mL, vitamin D normal: 25(OH)D > 30 ng/mL. Inflammatory factor and nutritive index were compared among the three groups. Result The average of serum 25 (OH)D level was 3.4~45.3 ng/mL (22.5~14.8 ng/mL), and the prevalence of 25 (OH)D deficiency and insufficiency was 88.2%. Significant differences existed in age, inflammatory factor (IL-6, TNF-α, CRP) and nutritive index (Alb, PA, SGA) between 25(OH)D deficiency, insufficiency groups and normal group (P<0.05). Conclusion The serum 25(OH)D level is possibly related to the malnutrition in MHD patients. It may inhibit chronic inflammation state , in which it can promote state of nutrition of MHD patients.

ObjectiveTo study the effect and mechanism of vagus nerve stimulation(VNS) on seizure in animal with epilepsy.MethodsSeizures of 34 rats and 8 rabbits were induced by Penicillin, Kainic acid(KA) and Strychnice respectively. Electrocorticographic(ECoG), electrical activition of hippocampal neurons and behaviour were observed to evidence the effects of left intermittent VNS .ResultsVNS could suppress seizures in animal models with epilepsy. There were significant changes in epileptiform ECoG, discharges of hippcampal neuron and behaviour. ConclusionSomatic seizure can be effectively inhibited by visceral afferent inputs through integration in cortical and hippocampal parts.

OBJECTIVE:To establish HPLC fingerprint for the leaves of Camptotheca acuminante in Guizhou.METHODS:HPLC method was performed.The determination was performed on Gemini-NX C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.2％ phosphoric acid (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 370 ran,and the column temperature maintained at 30 2.The sample size was 10 μtL.Using sorbitol as a reference,HPLC fingerprints of 14 batches of the leaves of C.acuminante were determined.The chromatographic fingerprint was analyzed with Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM (2004 A) in terms of common peak indentification,similarity evaluation and cluster analysis.RESULTS:There were 10 common peaks in HPLC fingerprints for 14 batches of the leaves of C.acuminate.And the similarity of 13 batches of the leaves of C.acuminate was greater than 0.90,and that of another one was less than 0.90.The leaves of C.acuminate were classified into 3 groups.CONCLUSIONS:The established fingerprint can provide reference for identification and quality evaluation of the leaves of C.acuminate.

To study the toxicokinetics of bakuchiol, hepatic and renal toxicity in rats after single oral administration of Psoraleae Fructus and combined with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, in order to provide scientific evidences for clinical safe medication use. A total of 35 SD rats were randomly divided into seven groups: vehicle (distilled water) control group, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group, positive control (aristolochic acid A) group, Psoraleae Fructus (40 g x kg(-1)) group( both male and female rats), Psoraleae Fructus and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (40 +20) g x kg(-1) group (both male and female rats). HPLC-UV method was used to determine the concentration of bakuchiol in rat plasma at different time points after single oral administration. Plasma alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), plasma creatinine (Cr), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim-1) were measured after administration for 24 h. The main toxicokinetics parameters of bakuchiol in rats exert significantly gender difference. When Psoraleae Fructus combination with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, the total area under the plasma concentration-time curve( AUC), C(max), and plasma clearance (CL) of bakuchiol were increased, respectively; CL, half-life (t½) were decreased, and T(max) were prolonged. The biochemical indicators (including ALT, AST, BUN, Cr and KIM-1 level) in different dose of Psoraleae Fructus groups, were found no statistically significant difference when compared with vehicle control group. The level of NAG in both Psoraleae Fructus and compatibility with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma groups were significant increased (P < 0.05). There are obvious effects on toxicokinetics of bakuchiol in rats when Psoraleae Fructus combined with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Renal toxicity induced by Psoraleae Fructus at high dose was observed after single oral administration and no liver damage in rats was found.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Female ; Glycyrrhiza ; toxicity ; Kidney ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; Male ; Phenols ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Psoralea ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhizome ; toxicity ; Toxicokinetics

Silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC were applied to isolate the chemical constituents from the roots of Ixeris chinensis. Fifteen compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated by the physicochemical properties and spectral analysis as chinensioide G(1), chinensioide B(2), 10α-hydroxy-guaia-12,6-lactone-3-keton(3), chinensioide C(4), 10α-hydroxy-11βH-guaia-4(5) -ene-12,6-lactone (5), 3β, 10α-dihydroxy-11βH-guaia-11 (13)-ene-12,6-lactone (6), 3β, 10α-dihydroxy-4βH, 11βH-guaia-12,6-lactone(7), 3β, 10α-dihydroxy-guaia-4 (15), 11 (13) -diene-12, 6-lactone (8), caffeic acid (9), p-hydorxyphenylacetic acid(10), methyl p-hydroxyphenylacetate (11), ethyl p-hydroxyphenylacetate (12), sitosterol (13), daucosterol (14), and ixerin D(15). Compound 1 was new, and 6 and 7 were isolated from I. chinensis for the first time.
Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in clinical efficacy on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) between electroacupuncture (EA) and dyne-35 and to explore the effect mechanism.

METHODSSixty-five patients were randomized into an EA group (33 cases) and a western medication group (32 cases). In the EA group, the selected acupoints were Danzhong (CV 17), Qimen (LR 14), Zhongwan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zigong (EX-CA 1), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3), etc. After the arrival of qi, electric stimulation was attached to the acupoints for 30 min. The treatment was given 3 times a week. In the western medication group, dyne-35 was prescribed on the 5th day of natural menstruation or withdrawal bleeding, one tablet a day, continuously for 21 days. The treatment cycle was 3 months in the two groups. The menstrual condition, body mass, body mass index (BMI), serum testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and LH/FSH were compared before and after treatment in the two groups. The clinical efficacy was assessed in the two groups.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 90.6% (29/32) in the EA group and was 93.3% (28/30) in the western medication group. The efficacy was similar in the two groups (P > 0.05). After treatment, the levels of LH and LH/FSH were all reduced significantly in the two groups (all P < 0.01). After treatment, T level in serum was reduced apparently in the western medication group (P < 0.05). Before and after treatment, the differences in body mass and BMI in the EA group were more significant than those in the western medication group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEA is the effective method for PCOS, similar to that of dyne-35. The effect of it for weight loss is superior to dyne-35 and no apparent adverse reactions happen. The effect mechanism of EA is related to the regulation of serum sexual hormone levels and their ratio, as well as to the regulation of body lipid metabolism.

Acupuncture Points ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Cyproterone Acetate ; administration & dosage ; Drug Combinations ; Electroacupuncture ; Ethinyl Estradiol ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; blood ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Young Adult

The chemical constituents from Euphorbia lunulata was investigated in this paper. Fourteen compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatographies on silica gel and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by physiochemical properties and NMR data analysis as lupeol (1), euphol (2), cassipourol(3) , 24-methylenecycloartan-3beta-ol (4), 24-hydroperoxycycloart-25-en-3beta-ol (5), 25-hydroperoxycycloart-23-en-3beta-ol (6), betulin (7), uvaol (8), (23E) -25-methoxycycloart-23-en-3beta-ol (9), (23E) -cycloart-23,25-dien-3beta-ol (10), 24-methylenecycloartan-3beta, 28-diol (11), salicinolide (12), 2alpha, 3beta, 5alpha, 9alpha, 15beta-pentaacetoxy-11,12-epoxy-7beta, 8alpha-diisobutyryloxyjatropha-6 (17) -en-14-one (13) and 3beta, 5alpha, 15beta-triacetoxy-7beta-isobutyryloxy-9alpha-nicotinoyloxyjatropha-6 (17), 11(E)-dien-14-one (14). Among them, compounds 1-11 were isolated from E. lunulata for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Euphorbia ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Stereoisomerism

BACKGROUND:Numerous studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cel s (MSCs) can effectively attenuate the fibrosis of damaged heart, lung and kidney by secreting various bioactive factors. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the anti-fibrotic therapeutic potential of bone marrow MSCs conditioned media in vitro. METHODS:Normal fibroblasts and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts were treated with bone marrow MSCs conditioned media, then transforming growth factor-βand col agen production were analyzed by ELISA, and mRNA expression level of Smad7 and hydroxyproline content were detected by RT-PCR and colorimetry, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Bone marrow MSCs conditioned media significantly inhibited the production of both transforming growth factor-βand col agen in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (P<0. 01), and up-regulated the mRNA expression level of Smad7 (P<0. 01), a major inhibitory regulator in the SMAD family. However, the normal fibroblasts were scarcely influenced by bone marrow MSCs conditioned media. These findings indicate that bone marrow MSCs conditioned media is considered a promising candidate for the treatment of hypertrophic scars, which may provide new theoretical supports to reduce cutaneous scarring.

AIM: To investigate the feasibility of reendothelialization of the injured arterial wall by autologous endothelial cell transplantation and their influences on neointima proliferation. METHODS: New Zealand white rabbits (n=30) were subjected to bilateral iliofemoral artery balloon injury. Cultured, autologous venous endothelial cells were immediately transplanted into one vessel(transplantation group), whereas the contralateral artery received medium only(control group). Reendothelialization of the injured arterial wall was analysed 4 hours or 4 days after cell transplantation by fluorescent tracing、scanning electron microscope(SEM) and Evans blue staining. Pathology analysis was employed 28 days after cell transplantation to evaluate neointima proliferation. RESULTS: The transplanted endothelial cells had adhered into the aterial wall 4 hours after transplantation and began to attach and spread 4 days later. A number of fluorescent labeling endothelial cells were observed in the endothelial injured arterial wall. The vessels in control group were stained nearly completely by Evans blue, whereas about 60% area was not stained in transplantation group. Pathological examination demostrated that neointimal area and maximal intima thickness in transplantation group significant decreased than those in control. CONCLUSION: Autologus endothelial cells were effectively transplanted into the injured arterial wall by balloon catheter, and it can relieve neointima proliferation in the long time.