Aged ; Humans ; Inpatients ; psychology ; Loneliness ; Male ; Pneumoconiosis ; psychology

Abscess ; complications ; Adult ; Brain Abscess ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Meningocele ; complications ; Nasal Cavity ; pathology ; Nose Diseases ; complications

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Neoplasm Staging ; Radiation Pneumonitis ; etiology ; Radiosurgery ; adverse effects ; methods ; Radiotherapy, Image-Guided

Metal sulfides are chemically attacked by Fe~ 3+ and H~+, resulting in the formation of elemental sulfur via polysulfides or thiosulfate pathway. Elemental sulfur may aggregate and even form a layer on the metal sulfide surface, which will inhibit leaching metals from the sulfides minerals. Elimination of inert elemental sulfur in a typical acidic environment can exclusively be by way of oxidation of acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, such a way includes the attachment, transport and oxidation process of elemental sulfur by acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. On the basis of analysis on the pertinent researches, the molecular mechanism of sulfur elimination by the acidophilic bacteria is far away from elucidated, and to attain that target, there are still much work to be done for elucidating the molecular mechanism on the attachment, transport and oxidation process of elemental sulfur by the acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria.

Objective To establish cell models with different insulin sensitivity status and examine the expression of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) in the same conditions. Methods 3T3-L1cells were cultured with different glucose concentrations (3.0, 5.5 and 50.0 mmol/L respectively).Insulin sensitivity, as presented by insulin-induced glucose transport rate in the cells, was tested by 3H-2-DG incorporation. PKB expression in cells was determined by RT-PCR. Results The insulin-induced glucose transport rate in 3T3-L1 cells was affected by different concentrations of glucose. The transport rate of 3H -2-DG in cells cultured in low glucose concentration was increased by 152% and 50% compared with high glucose concentration and control group, respectively. There was no difference in PKB mRNA expression among the three groups under the same conditions,whereas there was an obvious reduction of PKB expression in the three groups after the cells were treated with glucose and insulin. Conclusions 3T3-L1 cells cultured with different concentrations of glucose present the different insulin sensitivity status, but the difference of PKB mRNA expression has not been observed in the same condition.

Objective To survey and analyze the factors that may affect the results of human-ities education about master degree postgraduates, and provide the basis and reference for traditional medical humanities education reform. Methods By using the self-made questionnalre, a survey was conducted among 100 medical postgraduates of a university. Questionnalre items included basic infor-mation of the postgraduates, humanities-related extracurricular experiences, whether there had been personal experiences corresponding to these options or these experiences affected the attitude of hu-manistic education options. The survey data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software and the results were expressed by the relative number. The differences between different gender, marriage and differ-ent specialty student satisfaction were analyzed by using chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, showing no statistical significance (P>0.05). Results Respondents believed that the highest rate of the top four which supported the experiences that promoted humanistic education were clinic volunteer activi-ties, interpersonal harmony, rescuing the patient experiences and illness experiences, accounting for 95.8%(91/95), 92.6%(88/95), 89.5%(85/95) and 88.4%(84/95), respectively. On the other hand, the highest rate of the top four that impeded humanities education-related experiences were academic stress, workload, limited communication and lack of humane care, accounting for 100.0% (95/95), 95.8%(91/95), 91.6% (87/95) and 84.2% (80/95) respectively. In addition, different types of students' attitude towards experiences that may have impact on the humanistic education were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion Humanities education in medical colleges should not be limited to classroom instruction form. We should broaden humanistic education approach, flexible assessment methods of humanities, to enhance the effect of humanities education.

ObjectiveTo identify the anatomical feasibility of cross screw fixation in the atlas via posterior arch,provide a reference for clinical applications.MethodsA total of 10 dry atlas specimens were used to measure anatomic data and three dimension(3D) CT data.The data included height of the posterior tubercle,width of the posterior arch,distance from the ideal point to the interior of the vertebral artery sulcus,from nail point to central line,and the ideal direction of the screws.Statistical analysis was done to compare the two methods.Then 100 3D CT data were measured.The parameters included height of the posterior tubercle (mid-sagittal plane),width of the posterior arch (the inner side where arch transformed to the vertebral artery sulcus),distance from the ideal point to the interior of the vertebral artery sulcus (where screws completely located in the medullary cavity),distance between the nail point to central line,and angle of the ideal screws (between screws and horizontal line).The anatomy of the atlas was analyzed for whether height of the posterior tubercle is more than 7 mm,width of the posterior arch is more than 3.5 mm,and whether or not cross screws can be planted.ResultsThere was no statistical difference between anatomic and 3D-CT measures.Thickness of the C1 laminar was (4.7±0.9) mm in the left side,(4.6±0.8) mm in the right side,and 93.5％ of specimens were thicker than 3.5 mm.Distance of the ideal screw was(15.9±3.0) mm in the left side,(15.9±3.0) mm in the right side.Height of the C1 posterior tuber was (7.8±1.2) mm,with 91％ of the data higher than 7.0 mm.Angle between the axial of C1 laminar and frontal plane was 26.8°±6.8° (8°-44°) in the left side,26.8°±6.3°(13°-44°) in the right side,and about 11％ of them can not cross plant.ConclusionIt is feasible and safe to place cross screws in the posterior arch of the C1 in anatomy.

Objective To discuss the complication risk factors for early death after cervical injuries and explore the indication for treatment. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on early death and complications in 419 patients with cervical injuries admitted into our hospital. We observed the relationship of all kinds of complications with cervical cord injury severity and the incidence rate of complications in all patients. Results The respiratory complication was the main cause of early death, accounting for 79.11%. There found complications including hypoalbuminemia ( 85.29% ), hypotension(50%) and hyponatremia ( 35.29% ) in the death patients. Conclusions The existence of complications, especially hypoalbuminemia, can aggravate the original dysfunction and is the risk factor for early death. The early treatment of the dangerous complications could prevent multiple organ failure and early death and provide sound condition for functional recovery.

OBJECTIVETo identify HLA-A0201 restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes derived from the hepatitis B virus e (HBe) antigen, for future use in a specific immunotherapy based on the identified epitope(s).

METHODSHBe gene sequences from the hepatitis B virus serotypes with the highest frequencies in China were analyzed by bioinformatic web-based interfaces for quantitative motif prediction, extended motif prediction, and peptide super-motif prediction. Four candidate peptides were identified: HBe1, HBe2, HBe3, and HBe4. The affinities of each were tested in vitro with T2 cells, which lack the transporter-associated with antigen transport (TAP) protein but express low levels of the MHC class I surface molecule, and measured by the T2 binding assay and DC50 assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect the fluorescence index of control and experimental groups.

RESULTSThe peptides HBe1 (LLWFHISCL), HBe2 (YLVSFGVWI), HBe3 (CLTFGRETV), and HBe4 (DLLDTASAL) were identified and tested as candidate targets. HBe2 and HBe3 showed higher HLA-A0201 affinity. HBe1, HBe2, and HBe3 showed better binding stability.

CONCLUSIONTwo peptides based on HBe antigen, YLVSFGVWI and CLTFGRETV, possess both sufficient binding affinity and stability and may represent useful HLA-A0201-restricted CTL epitopes. Further study is needed to determine the immunogenic properties of these two peptides in vivo.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of moxibustion at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) on normal process of childbirth and safety of mothers and infants.

METHODSOne hundred and seventy-four cases of singleton primiparas, fetal head position were selected as the subjects and divided into three groups by single-blind randomized method: an acupoint group (n = 59), a non-acupoint group (n = 57) and a blank group (n = 58). When the cervix was dilated by 2 to 3 cm, DAJ-23 type multi-function moxibustion apparatus was used at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) in acupoint group, and at non-acupoint spot (the midpoint from the radial arterial pulse throbbing place on the radial side of the transverse crease of the wrist to the radial end of biceps tendon of the elbow) in non-acupoint group, 30 min for each one. The conventional labor care was adopted in blank group. The differences were observed in the first active stage, the second stage and the third stage of the labor as well as the safety of mothers and infants among three groups.

RESULTSThe durations of the first active stage of labor [(123.05 +/- 96.401) min] and the second stage [(37.407 +/- 22.390) min] in acupoint group were shorter than those [(171.40 +/- 94.339) min, (49.517 +/- 25.373) min] in non-acupoint group, as well as those [(178.79 +/- 97.231) min, (53.684 +/- 20.087) min] in blank group separately (all P < 0.05). It was discovered that the progressions of the first active stage and the second stage of labor were accelerated in acupoint group, and there was no statistically significant difference in the third stage of labor among the three groups (all P > 0.05). Bleeding amount after childbirth in acupoint group was less than those in non-acupoint group and blank group (both P < 0.05), and Apgar scores of newborns in acupoint group and non-acupoint group were higher than that in blank group (both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMoxibustion at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) can shorten the process of childbirth, reduce postpartum bleeding and has no harmful impact on mothers and infants.