On-body communication channels are a physical basis for the establishment of an effective and reliable wireless link between on-body nodes in wireless body area networks (WBANs).Due to normally strict limitations in transmit power and power consumptions of on-body nodes as well as the human-centered characteristics of WBANs,on-body channels are prone to be affected by the electromagnetic properties of human tissues,human movements,application environments and transceiver antennas,which increase greatly the complexity of the research on channel models.The paper discusses the developments,mathematical expressions and application characteristics of five types of on-body channel models,such as the simple path loss model,the hybrid path loss model,the small-scale fading model,the scenario-based model and the ultra-wideband model,and reviews the current progress on the modeling on-body channels.

Objective To explore the value of blink reflex (BR) and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods Totally 20 normal persons and 32 MS patients were examined with BR and BAEP respectively.Results 32 MS patients were divided into two groups according to the abnormalities localized to the brainstem: the symptomatic group and the asymptomatic group. The abnormal rates of BR in two groups were 85.7% and 50.0% respectively. The abnormal rates of BAEP in the two groups were 71.4% and 44.4% respectively. The abnormal rates of BR in Ⅴand Ⅶ cranial nerves were both 21.9%. The abnormal rates of BR,BAEP,BR and BAEP in finding out lesions of brainstem were 65.6%,56.3% and 75.0% respectively.Conclusions Subclinical lesions in brainstem, Ⅴand Ⅶ cranial nerves were demonstrated by BR. The combined abnormal rate of BR and BAEP was higher than either test alone.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Hemorrhoids ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Urinary Retention ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Urination ; Young Adult

Objective To assess the radiofrequency ablation (RFA) lesions in canine prostate with real-time harmonic gray-scale contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and investigate the feasibility to predict these lesions.Methods A total of 5 male beagle dogs took RFA of the prostate.Radiofrequency (RF) was delivered under transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guidance.A lesion was created in the right and left lateral lobes of canine prostate,respectively.The examination of conventional gray-scale ultrasonography,power Doppler ultrasonography,real-time harmonic gray-scale contrast-enhanced ultrasonography were performed immediately after RF procedure.All animals were subsequently sacrificed and the prostates were harvested for pathologic analysis.Thermal lesion volume was calculated based on expected shape of ellipsoid using equation.The volumes of the calculated thermal lesion on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in dogs were compared with the volumes obtained from the pathological specimens.Results The RFA lesions could not be imaged accurately with real-time conventional gray-scale or power Doppler ultrasonography.However,contrast-enhanced low MI perfusion imaging was able to have real-time monitoring for the lesion (no blood flow).The volume of lesions was measured with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography without significant difference with those of pathologic results.Ultrasonic imaging(conventional gray-scale or power Doppler sonography)of the ablation areas also had its own characteristics.Conclusion The real-time harmonic gray-scale contrast-enhanced ultrasonography appears to be an accurate modality for assessment of RFA lesions.Conventional gray-scale and power Doppler sonography had their own characteristics to evaluate the RFA lesion.

Objective To investigate the retinal toxicity and verify the safe dose of intravitreal injection of nonsteroid anti inflamatory drug, diclofenac sodium. Methods Twenty eight healthy adult white rabbits were divided at random into 7 groups and received in every right eye the intravitreal injection of a single dose of diclofenac sodium solution ranging from 0.4～1.0 mg/0.1ml respectively,the left eyes were regarded as control ones. Before injection and on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th day after injection the electroretinography on both eyes was examined. On the 28th day after injection the retinas of two rabbits of every group were examined by using light microscopy. On the 10th and 30th day after injection the retinal tissues around the optic nerve disk of two eyes from every group at random were tested by using transmission electron microscopy. Results The ratio of amplitude of b wave of electroretinography in 0.4 mg and 0 5 mg groups had no significant difference from groups before injection,the retinal tissues showed no structural changes in light and electron microscopy examination. The ratio of amplitude of b wave of photoptic electroretinography in 0.6 mg groups in the early stage after injection was markedly reduced ( P

The clinical manifestation of acute invasive fungal sinusitis was associated with facial pain,altered sense of smell, blindness and headache. Physical examinations show that dark brown nasal secretions with bone resorption in paranasal sinus. Radiographi parameters showed uneven density in paranasal sinus and intraorbital extension. Fungus smears and pathological examination can make a definitive diagnosis.
Acute Disease ; Facial Pain ; etiology ; Fungi ; isolation & purification ; Headache ; etiology ; Humans ; Mycoses ; complications ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Sinusitis ; complications ; microbiology ; pathology

Objective To explore the changes of atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP)and parathyroid hormone(PTH)in umbilical cord blood of newborn infants with intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)and their relationships with electrolytic.Methods A total of 71 IUGR infants borned between Jan.2006 and Aug.2007 were enrolled in this study.Another 40 normal appropriate for gestational age neonates were selected as control group.The study group were divided into 2 groups:mature IUGR group(n=29)and premature IUGR group(n=42).The samples of umbilical cord blood of every group were collected at the time of delivery,and ANP,PTH levels in umbilical cord blood were mea-sured by radioimmunoassay.The sodium,calcium levels in their peripheral vein were measured simultaneously.Results 1.Compared with control group[(0.78?0.42)?g/L],the ANP levels of premature IUGR group[(1.26?0.47)?g/L] and the mature IUGR group[(1.09?0.51)?g/L] were significantly increased(t=5.98,2.76 Pa0.05).The calcium levels of the premature IUGR group[(1.85?0.37)mmol/L]significantly decreased(t=1.93 P0.05)compared with control group [(2.02?0.44)mmol/L].3.The serum sodium level was negatively correlated with the umbilical ANP level(r=-0.93 P

Objectives: To design the mutants of peptide antibiotics hPAB ? based on its molecular structure. Methods: The three dimension structure of hPAB ? was constructed by protein homology modeling method. The mutant molecules were designed and generated by PCR and inserted into pQE CP4 expression plasmid. The recombinant plasmids were identified by PCR and DNA sequencing and then transformed into Escherichia coli JM109 to express target fusion proteins. Results:Peptide hPAB ? shows one ? helical and three ? sheet in its structure. Its ? helical regions seem play a key role in the formation of active oligomer. Aside from positioning Thr 7 and Lys 10 into contact positions, the orientation of the ? helix is conserved about the oligome core, forming a ridge around it. Additionally, the dipoles of the helices would overlap to create a positively charged region near the core. These dipoles may be offset, however, by the presence of Asp 4 at the base of the helix. Two mutant molecules, hPAB ? 38 and hPAB ? 34, were designed by deleting N or/and C terminal 2～5 amino acid residues based on hPAB ? structure. The recombinant plasmids containing the mutants gene can express interest fusion proteins in E. coli JM109 successfully. Conclusions: Design, cloning and expression of the mutants of peptide antibiotics hPAB ? lay down the foundation for screening of the mutant of shorter peptide chain and having high or same antimicrobial activity.

Objective To investigate the effect of Plastrum Testudinis on neural stem cell after focal cerebral ischemia.Methods Rat models of focal cerebral ischemia were established by inserting nylon thread into the anterior cerebral artery.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of the neuroepithelial stem cell protein(Nestin),neurologic deficit and histological features were also observed.Results Plastrum Testudinis can decrease the neurologic dificit score and promote the expression of Nestin.Conclusion Plastrum Testudinis can alleviate the neurological symptoms and promote the proliferation of neural stem cell after focal cerebral ischemia.

Objective To study the feasibility and necessity of radial artery angiolgraphy in advance on transradial coronary intervention.Methods A total of 682 patients undergoing transradial coronary intervention were divided into two groups by random digits table method.Previous radial artery angiography (pre-RAA) group of 341 cases underwent radial artery angiography;post radial artery angiography (post-RAA) group of 341 cases in the guide wire,catheter in resistance immediately for radial artery angiography.The radial artery imaging characteristics were observed and the radial artery related complications were recorded in two groups.Results The ratio of radial artery spasm in post-RAA group was higher than that in pre-RAA group [11.4％(39/341) vs.6.2％(21/341),P=0.015].The ratio of operation failed in post-RAA group was higher than that in pre-RAA group [3.2％ (11/341) vs.0.6％ (2/341),P =0.014].The radial artery perforation rate and postoperative 1-6 months of radial artery occlusion rate increased significantly in post-RAA group,and there was significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Transradial coronary intervention in advance for radial artery angiography therapy can effectively observe the radial artery morphology,reduce the radial artery related complications.