Objective To investigate the status and requirement of knowledge of reproduction and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)/sexually transmited disease (STD) in pregnant adolescents with abortion in order to conduct proper interventions. Methods Two hundred and ninety-one unmarried pregnant adolescents below 22 years old with abortion completed questionnaires which involved the information on individual social-demographics characteristics, knowledge of reproduction, AIDS/STD and sex-related beliefs, attitudes and partners. Results Among these 291 adolescents, 37.7% experienced first sexual intercourse before 19 years old, 69.1% performed well in the knowledge of reproduction, and 62.6% and 43.5% did well in the knowledge of AIDS and the knowledge of the other STD, respectively. The rate of implementation of contraception was far less than that of awarenesss of contraception(P<0.05). These pregnant adolescents were not enthusiastic for seeking reproductive knowledge, and 45.0% would like to acquire the knowledge from professionals. Conclusion The knowledge of reproduction and AIDS/STD in the pregnant adolescents is not adequate, and they fail to carry out the proper behaviors of contraception. More education should be conducted on AIDS/STD prevention and contraception among pregnant adolescents.

0.05).However,A-waves were recorded in 7 patients who were with normal F-waves.Conclusion The occur- rence of A-waves,especially of multiple type,in the ulnar and median nerves might be helpful for the early diagnosis of Guillain-Barr?Syndrome.

OBJECTIVEThe study aimed to test if Paridis Rhizoma total saponins (PRTS) could induce apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell MKN-45.

METHODBased on the previous researches, PRTS was set by different concentrations to treat human gastric cancer cell for 12 h (5, 10, 20 mg x L(-1)). Fluorescent staining methods were adopted to observe apoptotic morphological changes of MKN-45. The apoptosis rates were analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. The enzymatic activities of caspase-3 and caspase-8 were measured by ELISA. The protein levels of Fas and FasL were detected by Western blotting.

RESULTUnder a fluorescence microscope, MKN-45 treated by PRTS was seen typical apoptotic morphological features. PRTS significantly increased the rate of apoptosis. Compared with the control group, there exsited significant differences in apoptosis rate of PRTS concentration of 20 mg x L(-1) (P < 0.01); besides, the enzymatic activities of caspase-3 and caspase-8 were promoted obviously after the effect of PRTS on MKN-45 cells for 12 h (P < 0.01). The protein levels of Fas and FasL in the MKN-45 were upgraded significantly.

CONCLUSIONPRTS can induce apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell MKN-45 , which is concerned with caspase-3 and caspase-8 and upgraded Fas and FasL.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Caspase 8 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fas Ligand Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; fas Receptor ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the mechanism of external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) injury during thyroid surgery as showed by intraoperative neuromonitoring.Methods 70 patients with 109 nerves at risk were enrolled in this study from March 2011 to October 2011.A positive signal is determined by observing contractions of the cricothyroid muscle.The relationship between EBSLN and the upper pole of the thyroid or the inferior constrictor muscle was studied.Results 108 nerves (99.1％) were located successfully,42 of which were visualized (38.9％).55 nerves (50.9％) crossed the superior thyroid artery more than 1 cm apart,while the other 53 nerves (49.1％) went less than 1 cm including 24 nerves(more than 0.5 cm,less than 1 cm) and 29 nerves (less than 0.5 cm) or coursed below the superior pole of the thyroid.The rate of the latter type was significantly elevated in patients with the top to botton diameter of the gland more than 5 cm.One patient suffered from impairing in the production of high tones postoperatively.Conclusions Intraoperative neuromonitoring is useful and helpful in providing instructive information for operations by locating EBSLN.

Objective To investigate the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF) in renal tissue of children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis(HSPN),and its correlation with clinical indexes and pathological changes,and to explore its effect on the pathogenesis of HSPN.Methods According to the clinical manifestation,60 children with HPSN were divided into only purpura group,mixed group and HSPN group.MIF concentration of Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP) groups and healthy control group were detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).MIF protein expression and the marker of human macrophage(CD68) in renal tissues of HSPN and normal control group were detected with immunohistochemistry method.The total urine protein for 24 hours and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) level were detected with laboratory routine method.Results MIF concentration in mixed group and HSPN group were significantly higher than that in only purpura group and healthy control group(Pa

0.05).The percentage of CD40 positive cells in CBMC-derived DC was lower than that in PBMC-derived DC[(34.80?7.77)% vs(54.37?9.57)%,P

Objective To learn the prevalence and trends of Brucella disease in Ningxia, in order to provide scientific basis for effective control of the disease. Methods Data of Brucella cases reported through city network from 2004 to 2009 in Yinchuan city, Shizuishan city, Wuzhong city, Guyuan city and Zhongwei city of Ningxia were reviewed and retrospectively analyzed. The data included demographic characteristics, treatment conditions and medical history so on related information. Analytical indicators include reported incidence;with patients' gender, age, regional distribution, urban and rural distribution;become chronic and associated factors;distribution of the cases reporting unit and so on. Results From 2004 to 2009, Ningxia had reported 349 cases of Brucellosis, no deaths, the annual incidence rates reported were 0.017/10 million, 0.543/10 million, 0.151/101 (295/54);The proportion of 34- to 40-year-old age group was higher than other age groups(27.5%, 96/349);Occupational distribution of patients was mainly farmers and herdsmen(70.2% ,245/349), in regional distribution of the patients, the highest percentage was Wuzhong city(61.9%,216/349), followed by Yinchuan city(22.9%,80/349);The proportion of patients in rural areas(97.4% ,340/349) was higher than urban(2.6% ,9/349);the proportion of patients converted to chronic was 11.2% (39/349). With age, the chance of patients converted to chronic was in a decreasing trend(odds ratio was 0.966);cases reported by Centre for Disease Control and Prevention accounted for 74.8%(261/349), by hospital accounted for 25.2%(88/349). Conclusions The reported incidence of Brucellosis in Ningxia is in a rapid upward trend year by year, the patients is mainly young men, the rate of converted to chronic is higher and the ability of hospital in founding and reporting of the cases is weaker.Comprehensive measures should be taken to increase funding, strengthen monitoring, and continuously improve the level of awareness and diagnosis of medical personnel for further strengthen the prevention and control of Brucellosis.

Objective:To explore whether hyperuricemia was an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation.Methods:Patients with atrial fibrillation who were confirmed by 12-lead electrocardiogram in 11 hospitals of Kailuan Group from 2006 to 2007 were selected as the research objects.All patients were followed up by prospective cohort study, and all-cause deaths were observed.The last follow-up time was December 31, 2013.Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox proportional hazards model were used to analyze and compare the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation in the hyperuricemia group compared with the normal uric acid group.Results:A total of 388 community-based patients with atrial fibrillation were included in the final statistical analysis, with 136 all-cause deaths occurred during an average follow-up period of 6.93 years.The incidence of all-cause mortality was 9.24% per year(36/390)in the hyperuricemia group, whereas 5.16% per year(100/1 937) in the normal uric acid group.In the univariate Cox proportional risk model analysis, the risk ratio (95% CI) of all-cause death in patients with atrial fibrillation in the hyperuricemia group (95% CI) was 1.84(1.26-2.69) times that in the normal uric acid group ( P<0.01). After adjusting for potential confounding variables, the adjusted risk ratio (95% CI) of all-cause death in patients with atrial fibrillation in hyperuricemia group was still 1.94(1.32-2.85) times of that in normal uric acid group ( P<0.01). After adjustment for potential confounding variables, for each 0.01 g/L increase in uric acid (1 g/L=5 950 μmol/L), the risk of all-cause death in patients with atrial fibrillation increased by 1.15 (1.05-1.26) times ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Hyperuricemia was an independent risk factor for all-cause death in patients with atrial fibrillation in community.

In the face of escalating problems with pathogen control, the development of proper formulations of existing antibiotics is as important as the development of novel antibiotics. Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic with potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Currently, only injectable solution of daptomycin has been approved for clinical use. In the present study, the formulation of PEGylated liposomal daptomycin (PLD) was prepared and optimized, and its efficacy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA252) strains was investigated. The obtained PLD had a mean vesicle diameter of (111.5 +/- 15.4) nm and a mean percent drug loading of (5.81 +/- 0.19) % with high storage stability. Potent activity of PLD against MRSA was demonstrated in vitro with a more sustained effect than that of conventional liposomal daptomycin and daptomycin solution. In addition, intravenous administration of a single dose (equal to human use) of PLD significantly increased the survival of mice in a MRSA252 systemic infection model compared with other formulations. Drug distribution in the lung was significantly enhanced following administration of PLD, and no measurable tissue lesions or pathological changes were detected during PLD treatment. Taken together, PEGylated liposomes loaded with daptomycin may represent a promising approach to reduce MRSA252 infections, especially those involving bloodstream dissemination, such as hematogenous pulmonary infection.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Daptomycin ; pharmacology ; Liposomes ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Mice ; Staphylococcal Infections ; drug therapy

Objective To understand the Salmonella detectability in the laboratory animal testing laboratories, im-prove the level of detection for the quality of laboratory animals, by means of laboratory animals Salmonella proficiency tes-ting program.Method According to the proficiency testing program approved by CNAS, freeze-dried animal stool samples containing Salmonella bacteria and interference bacteria were prepared, and through stability and homogeneity tests quali-fied as proficiency testing samples.The randomly numbered samples were issued to the participating units by cold-chain transportation, and attached work instructions.The original reports and copies of the tests should be submitted on time.The sample results consistent with the results of the pretested results were considered as satisfactory, and the results inconsistent or fails to submit were judged as unsatisfactory.Results A total of 30 laboratories from 20 provinces and cities nationwide participated in this proficiency testing programs for Salmonella, including 28 ( 93.3%) laboratories with satisfactory re-sults, and two laboratories unsatisfactory ( 6.7%) .29 laboratories used separate culture methods, and two laboratories used PCR method.Conclusions The laboratory animal quality inspection agencies have good detection ability for Salmo-nella.The implementation of the capacity verification plan can well reflect the detection level of laboratories.