Based on the organizational strategy,the balanced scorecard(BSC) is a kind of customized performance measurement system.Put forward by Robert Kaplan and David Norton in 1990,it has been using at several healthcare organizations and led to a great deal of innovation in organizing and management.This paper aims to introduce the composition,characteristics and successful cases of BSC,and analyze the feasibility of adopting this method in domestic healthcare organizations.

0.05). However, there existed significant difference in that respect among the hospitals of different level(P

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Cutaneous Fistula ; congenital ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parotid Region ; abnormalities ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effects of intense pulsed light(IPL) on the collagen metabolism in human fibroblasts.Methods The callan foreskin fibroblasts were cultured and treated with different wave length and designed dose of IPL irradiation(590-1 200 nm,and 29 J/cm2),while 10 without IPL irradiation as controls.By culturing 1,12,24 and 48 h after the irradiation,the synthesis of collagen was measured by 3H-proline incorporation determination. Results The synthesis of collagen activity increased significantly(P

Background The pathogenesis of dry eye has not been clearly established.There are more and more evidences to suggest that it is associated with ocular surface inflammation mediated by immunity.But how T helper cell 17 (Th17) plays its role in dry eye remains unclear.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions of Th17 related cytokines in ocular surface with dry eye.Methods A prospective cohortl study was designed.This protocol was approved by Ethic Commission of Peking University Third Hospital,and written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to entering this cohort.Twenty female patients with Sjigren syndrome (SS group),20 patients with non-SS dry eyes and 20 normal volunteers were recruited in Peking University Third Hospital during 2011-2012 duration and all the subjects were menopausal female with the age 50 years old or more.The ocular surface disease index (OSDI)questionnaire designed by Schiffman was performed firstly,and then tear breakup time (BUT),corneal fluorescein staining and Schirmer Ⅰ test (S Ⅰ t) were carried out in the subjects.Expression of Th17 related cytokines mRNA were measured using PCR-Array.The correlation between IL-17A and ocular surface parameters was analyzed.Results The OSDI scores of the SS dry eye group,non-SS dry eye group and normal control group were 50.00 (33.50,66.50),45.00 (35.50,55.00) and 3.00 (0.00,5.00),the S Ⅰ t values were 2.50 (1.00,4.00),5.00 (2.00,5.00) and 15.50 (10.00,18.50),the BUT were 2.00 (1.00,4.00),4.00 (3.00,5.00) and 10.00 (10.00,12.00),the corneal fluorescein staining score were 8.50 (6.00,12.00),5.50 (4.00,7.00)and 0.00 (0.00,0.00),respectively,and significant differences were seen among the SS group,non-SS dry eye group and normal control group (x2=34.11,28.13,93.66,92.25,all at P＜0.01).The relative expression values of IL-17A mRNA,IL-6 mRNA,IL-8 mRNA,IL-22 mRNA and IL-23 mRNA in the ocular surface were 1.98±0.16,11.64±1.32,6.67±1.12,1.88±0.18 and 1.78±0.17 in the SS group patients,and 1.45±0.17,1.32±0.14,1.12 ±0.13,1.23 ±0.15 and 1.23 ±0.13 in the non-SS dry eye group patients,respectively,with significant differences between the two groups (all at P＜0.01).IL-17A level on the ocular surface was significantly negative correlated with BUT (r =-0.56,P＜0.01) and positive correlation with corneal fluorescein staining scores (r=0.44,P=0.01).Conclusions Expressions of Th17 related cytokines in the ocular surface increased in patients with dry eye,especially in those with SS.IL-17A level in ocular surface is associated with BUT and corneal fluorescein staining scores,suggesting that immune is involved in the pathogenesis and devlopment of dry eye.

Objective: To study the regulatory effects of Momordica charantia L. saponins on immune function of senile mice. Methods: Female senile Kunming mice (15 months) were divided into senile control group(SC), experiment group 1(E1) and experiment group 2(E2). SC drank tap water, E1 and E2 drank tap water supplemented with 100mg/L and 200mg/L Momordica saponins respectively. After 5 weeks, samples were collected for IL 2, TNF ?, T cell subpopulation, phagocytosis index, thymus and spleen indices. At the same time, splenocyte, peritoneal macrophage, thymocyte obtained from senile mice, were cultured in medium containing 25mg/L and 50mg/L Momordica saponins respectively, and tested for IL 2, TNF ? and apoptosis. Results: There was no change in spleen index, but thymus index increased markedly in E2 group. Phagocytosis index, serum IL 2 level were increased obviously, while there was significant difference between E2 and E1. At the same time, ratio of CD8 + T cell raised significantly in thymus, and ratio CD + 4 CD + 8 T cell declined obviously in both thymus and spleen. Momordica saponins could increase splenocyte to secrete IL 2, enhance peritoneal macrophage to secrete TNF ?, but had no effect on apoptosis of thymocyte. Conclusion: Momordica saponins can improve immune function of senile mice by modulating the ratio of T cell subpopulation.

Objective To evaluate the effect of autophagy-related factors LC3 and Bnip-3 and apoptosis related factors Bcl-2 and Bax on brain damage in experimental diabetic rats .Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into diabetic group and control group .The diabetic group was injected with 1% streptozotocin ( 60 mg/kg body mass ) and the control group with citrate buffer .The rats were sacrificed after 12 weeks feeding and brain tissues were obtained .Pathological chan-ges were observed and the expression of LC 3, Bnip-3, Bcl-2 and Bax in brain tissues of the rats was detected by immuno-histochemical SP method .Results Compared with the control group ,the diabetic rat brain pathology showed that the cell arrangment was more disorderly and distributed more unevenly , the cell body was smaller , cytoplasm was lighter red , and the number of nerve cells of normal morphology was smaller .The positive number of LC3, Bnip-3 and Bax in brain tissues of diabetic rats was significantly larger than in the control group ,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). However ,the positive number of Bcl-2 was significantly smaller than in the control group ,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001).In diabetic rats, LC3 and Bnip-3 showed a weak positive correlation(P<0.05), Bcl-2 and Bax were irrelevant, Bnip-3 and Bax were positively weakly-correlated(P<0.05),Bcl-2 was not correlated;and Bcl-2 and Bax were irrelevant.Conclusion LC3,Bnip-3 and Bax in the brain tissue of diabetic rats are overexpressed , while Bcl-2 shows weak expression , indicating that autophagy factors and apoptotic factors are involved in the process of brain injury in diabet -ic rats, which may be one of the mechanisms of brain tissue damage .

Objective To develop a more convenient and stable method for assessment of drug sensitivity of prostate cancer based on real-time cell analysis system as a reference for clinical treatment.Methods Human prostate cancer VCaP, DU145, PC-3, PC-3M-2B4 and PC-3M-IE8 cells were chosen to detect the sensitivity to three drugs, docetaxel, cabazitaxel and abiraterone acetate.Serial dilutions of the three drugs were used to treat the cell culture for 24 hours.The drug-induced effects on the cell lines after an incubation of 24 hours were recorded by the real-time cell analysis system to determine the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50).Results Docetaxel showd IC50 of 8.81 nmol/L, 11.61 nmol/L, 1.78 nmol/L, 1.44 nmol/L, 8.69 nmol/L for VCaP, DU145, PC-3, PC-3M-2B4, PC-3M-IE8 cells, respectively.Cabazitaxel showed IC50 of 3.73 nmol/L, 3.96 nmol/L, 10.41 nmol/L, 5.43 nmol/L, and 7.37 nmol/L, respectively, for the five cell lines.Abiraterone acetate showed IC50 of 8.34 μmol/L, 8.60 μmol/L, 24.20 μmol/L, 8.59 μmol/L, and 13.21 μmol/L for the five cell lines.Conclusions PC-3M-2B4 and DU145, VCaP and PC-3 cells can be used as control for docetaxel, cabazitaxel and abiraterone acetate to establish cell models for the drug screening in vitro and to provide reference for clinical applications.

Objective To assess the drug sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells based on real-time cell analysis and provide a reference for individualized diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.Methods Three human pancreatic cancer cells lines SW1900, Capan-2 and PANC-1 were selected and treated with gemcitabine hydrochloride and tegafur gimeracil oteracil potassium capsules, respectively.After 24 hours of culture, the cells were treated with the two drugs in gradient concentration.The cell growth curves before and after the drug administration was monitored using a real-time cells analyzer and the growth inhibition rates (IC50) of the drugs of the pancreatic cancer cells were calculated.At the same time, the cells in the cell culture plate were treated with the drug, and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining and laser scanning confocal microscopy were performed to observe the changes of cells after the drug administration.Results 72 hours after the drug administration, IC50 values for the three cell lines were different.The IC50 values of gemcitabine hydrochloride for SW1900, Capan-2 and PANC-1 cells were 1.69 μmol/L, 10.05 μmol/L and 12.74 μmol/L, respectively.The IC50 values of tegafur capsule for SW1900, Capan-2 and PANC-1 cells were 180.29 μmol/L, 765.70 μmol/L and 95.57μmol/L, respectively.AO/EB staining confirmed the reliability of IC50.Conclusions SW1900 and Capan-2 cells can be used as the control for gemcitabine hydrochloride and tegafur gimeracil oteracil potassium capsules to establish cell models for drug screening in vitro, which provides a reference for the application of the technology in anticancer drugs screening.

The effects of vitamin A on wound healing and thymus weight were studied in postoperative rats. Serum vitamin A level was significantly lowered in rats (group I) received vitamin A 6?g ? 100g bw-1?d-1. per os as.compared to the uninjured control received the same dose of vitamin A. The thymus in group I was significantly atrophic than the control. In rats received vitamin A 25?g?100g bw-1?d-1 (group Ⅱ), serum vitamin A level was kept normal and the thymus was unchanged. The histological change of the skin during wound healing nearly approached normal, and the tensile strength of the healed wound was markedly greater than in group Ⅰ. In rats received vitamin A 50?g?100g bw-1?d-1 (group Ⅲ), the effect on wound healing and the thymus was not better than group Ⅱ. A suitable dosage of vitamin A in wound healing was about 25?g?100g bw-1?d-1, i.e. 4 times the normal allowances of the rat.