Objective To study the anesthetic effect and influence to circulatory and respiratory function of target controlled infusion(TCI)and intravenous injection of propofol anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing colonoscopy.Method 50 patients above 55 years of age undergoing colonoscopy were randomly allocated to 2 groups.The TCI group received target controlled infusion of propofol with a target concentration of 3?g/ml.The injection group received intravenous injection of 2mg/kg propofol with addition of 20-50mg propofol for each time at intervals during anesthesia when necessary.BP,HR,SpO2,and limb motion were detected during colonoscopy operation,and the time of eye-open and word-response after colonoscopy were also recorded.Results No significant difference was found in colonoscopy time and limb motion response between the two groups.Patients in TCI group consumed more propofol and opening of eyes was delayed compared to those patients in the injection group(P

Objective To investigate the clinical therapeutic effect of general spine system(GSS) short-seg-ment posterior fixation for the thoracolumbar spine fracture.Methods Totally 47 patients with thorocalumbar fracture were retrospectively analyzed from May 2006 to July 2009,which were operated by general spine system short-segment posterior fixation,preoperative and postoperative Cobb angle,front and rear margin height ratio of vertebral body and the recovery of neural function were measured respectively.Results All patients were followed up,in 47 patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture,kyphosis deformity were corrected satisfactorily in X-ray visibly,vertebral body height got good recovery.2 cases occurred loss of corrective angle less than 5% after operation,in Frankel function classification.B～D classes showed significant improvement( at least one grade),A grade improved to B in 1 case,no serious complications occurred.Conclusion GSS short-segment posterior fixation was a safe and effective treatment method for thoracolumbar fracture.It can restore height and physiological curve of injuried vertebral body,contribute to recovery on neural function.

Objective To evaluate whether therapeutic ultrasound, applied alone or with urokinase, may have a thrombolytic effect on blood clots in vitro, and the other factors influencing the urokinase-mediated thrombolysis. Methods Experiments were carried out in an in vitro blood clot model.The blood clots were divided into four groups as physiological solution group(NS), urokinase group(UK),physiological solution plus ultrasound group(NS + US), urokinase group plus ultrasound group(UK + US).After intervention of one hour in static 37 ℃ water bath, each group of blood clots was weighed. After that,the weight loss and thrombolysis rate of the blood clots in each group were calculated. To observe the impact of the age of the blood clots on urokinase-mediated thrombolysis rate, the thrombolysis rate of eight time points 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 hours was tested. The time was determined from the blood drawn from the body to the initiation of thrombolysis test. Results In terms of thrombolysis rate, there was significant difference between UK group and UK + US group(LSD-t 12. 1, P ＜ 0.01), with a thrombolysis rate 29. 3% ±8. 2% and 37. 5% ±7. 9%, respectively. However, the difference of thrombolysis rate between NS group and NS + US group with a thrombolysis rate 13. 4% ±4. 4% and 14. 5% ± 5.4%, respectively,was not statistically significant with a P value of 0. 08(LSD-t 1.8). The age of the blood clots had a negative correlation to the thrombolysis rate to some extent. Conclusion Therapeutic ultrasound has a significant effect on thrombolysis in combination with urokinase rather than used alone. To a certain extent,the thrombolysis rate decreases with the age of blood clot.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of using CT texture analysis to differentiate among lipid-poor adrenal adenoma,pheochromocytoma and adrenal metastases.Methods 66 lipid-poor adrenal adenoma,98 pheochromocytoma and 101 adrenal metastases lesions were analyzed retrospectively.All the patients had abdominal non-enhanced CT and adrenal enhanced CT scans.We used TexRAD software to analyze the textural features of CT images and compared the differences in each texture parameter among three adrenal lesions.Results On non-enhanced CT images,there were significant differences in Mean and Kurtosis at all the texture scales(SSF 0-6) among the three types of adrenal lesions (P<0.05),as well as SD at fine and coarse texture scale (SSF 2,6)(P<0.05).Entropy (SSF 0-3, 5-6) and MPP (SSF 0-2, 4-6) were significantly lower in lipid-poor adrenal adenoma and adrenal metastases than that in pheochromocytoma (P<0.05).There were significant differences in Skewness (SSF 0-3) among three types of lesions, which was lowest in pheochromocytoma and highest in adrenal metastases.On enhanced CT images, Mean, SD, Entrophy and MPP showed significantly differences among the three types of adrenal lesions at all the texture scales (SSF 0-6) (P<0.05), which were all highest in pheochromocytoma and lowest in adrenal metastases.Skewness (SSF 0) and Kurtosis (SSF 0, 2) were significantly lower in adrenal metastases than that in lipid-poor adrenal adenoma and pheochromocytoma (P<0.05).Conclusion There are significant differences in CT texture analysis parameters among lipid-poor adrenal adenoma,pheochromocytoma and adrenal metastases.CT texture analysis has potential clinical application values in differentiating these three adrenal lesions.

Objective To investigate the application value of pancreatic duct guide wire and transpancreatic septotomy with precutting technique in difficult endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.Method258 patients who underwent difficult endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography from April 2014 to April 2016 were selected as study subject, 128 patients among them received the technique of pancreatic duct guide wire, the other 130 patients received transpancreatic septotomy with precutting techniques. The success rate, intubation time and incidence of complications were compared between these two methods for cannulation.Result There was no signiifcant difference in preoperative clinical data between the two groups, the success rate did not differ signiifcantly between the two groups (93.75 % vs 93.85 %). Compared with transpancreatic septotomy with precutting techniques group, pancreatic duct guide wire group is less intubation time consuming (5.92 ± 0.69 vs 12.81 ± 3.67) min, the difference was statistically significant (t = -2.27,P < 0.05). 25 patients experienced complications, with 6 cases of acute pancreatitis, 2 cases of biliray tract infection in pancreatic duct guide wire group, and 8 cases of acute pancreatitis, 3 cases of hemorrhage,6 cases of biliray tract infection in transpancreatic septotomy with precutting techniques group. The pancreatic duct guide wire group had a signiifcantly lower incidence of complications (6.25 % vs 13.08 %). the difference was statistically signiifcant (χ2 = 3.27,P < 0.05). The incidence of acute pancreatitis did not differ signiifcantly between the two groups (4.69 % vs 6.15 %).ConclusionsPancreatic duct guide wire and transpancreatic septotomy with precutting techniques both can further improve the success rate of bile duct cannulation with ERCP. The incidence of acute pancreatitis did not differ significantly between two groups. But pancreatic duct guide wire group is less intubation time consuming, and had a significantly lower incidence of complications. Because of the convenience and safety of the pancreatic duct guide wire technique, and the insertion of the pancreatic duct does not increase the risk of postoperative acute pancreatitis. We think that this method is more worthy of Clinical promotion.

Objective To analyze the stroke subtypes and influencing factors in four largest economic regions of China.Methods We analyzed the investigation data of QUEST(Quality Evaluation of Stroke Care and Treatment)study conducted in 2006 which included 62 hospitals in a national scale.According to the concept of four economic regions designed by the Development Research Center of the State Council,we performed the univariate and multivariate analysis for the stroke subtypes and its related risk factors in the different economic regions.Results There were 3362(73.5％)ischemic stroke patients and 1214(26.5％)hemorrhagic stroke patients among the total 4576 first-ever stroke patients.Comparison of stroke subtypes in the four different economic regions was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.001),with a percentage of 80.8％ ischemic stroke patients in the northeastern region,78.9％ in the eastern region,68.3％ in the central region and 67.0％ in the western region.The comparisons of risk factors such as history of hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidaemia,coronary artery event,atrial fibrillation,and overweight in the four different economic regions were also statistically significant(P ＜0.05).Conclusions The subtypes of first-ever stroke vary in the four largest economic regions with a highest proportion of ischemic stroke in the northeastern region and relatively high proportion of hemorrhagic stroke in the central and western economic regions.There are also discrepancies of stroke risk factors in the different economic regions.

Objective To explore the effect of Ginsenoside Rgl on glutathion (GSH) level and glutathion peroxidase (GPx) activity after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion in cultured hippocampal cells. Methods The model of oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion were established with the hippocampal neurons of rats. They were randomly divided into control group, model group and Ginsenoside Rgl treatment groups (5 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L, 60 μmol/L). The GSH level and GPx activity were measured 6 h after reperfusion. The apoptosis and the metabolic rate of methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) were detected 24 h after reperfusion. Results Compared with model group, the GSH level, GPx activity, and metabolic rate of MTT improved (P<0.001), and the apoptosis decreased in the Ginsenoside Rgl groups (P<0.001) except with the dosage of 5 μmol/L (P>0.05). Conclusion Ginsenoside Rgl can protect the brain from ischemia by increasing the GSH level and GPx activity.

Designing of natural product-like compounds using natural products as template structures is an important strategy for the discovery of new drugs. Gambogic acid (GA), which is a Garcinia natural product with a unique caged xanthone scaffold, inhibits potent antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. This review summarized the researches on the identification of the antitumor pharmacophore of GA, and the design, structural optimization and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of natural product-like caged xanthones based on it.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Biological Products ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Garcinia ; chemistry ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Xanthones ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

Objective:To compare the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation between human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from orofacial bone(OMMSCs)and those from long bone(BMMSCs).Methods:OMMSCs were isolated from orthognathic surgical sites and cultured by limited dilution.BMMSCs were obtained from bone marrow of volunteers and isolated by density gradient centrifugation method.The surface markers of the cells were detected by flowcytometry.Single-colony formation,CCK assay and cell circle analyses were conducted.Osteogenic differentiation ability was evaluated by ALP activity test and Alizarin red staining after osteogenic induction culture.Results:The cell surface markers STRO-1 and CD105 of both stem cells were positive,CD34,CD31 and CD45 were negative. OMMSCs generated significantly higher numbers of colonies than BMMSCs.In addition,OMMSCs had a higher proliferation rate and more cells in proliferative(S +G2 )stage than BMMSCs.After osteogenic induction for 3,5,7 and 10 d,OMMSCs showed higher levels of ALP activity.OMMSCs formed significantly more mineralized nodules than BMMSCs after 21-day ostogenic induction.Conclusion:The proliferation and osteogenic differentiation capacity of OMMSCs are higher than those of BMMSCs.

BACKGROUND: In kyphoplasty procedure, two balloons are inserted into the vertebral body and inflated simultaneously for height symmetric restoration of the vertebral body. However, the expensive cost of balloon of kyphoplasty limits the extensive development of this procedure in developing countries. In this study, we try to inflate single balloon with bilateral transpedicular routes alternatively to achieve vertebral body height balanced restoration and reduce operation expenditure. But biocompatibility of bone cement and effect of kyphoplasty still need further observation.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biocompatibility of bone cement and the clinical efficacy of bipedicular kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures by inserting single inflatable balloon into injured vertebral body and filling bone cement in the cavity caused by inflating balloon via bipedicular approach.DESIGN: Controlled observation.SETTING: Department of Medical Imaging, General Hospital of Jinan Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-two patients (31 vertebral bodies) undergoing kyphoplasty with single balloon in Department of Medical Imaging, General Hospital of Ji'nan Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from May 2004 to May 2005 were selected, including 5 males and 17 females aged 68-85 years. Patients with painful compression fractures caused by osteoporosis were enrolled, and confirmed by CT and MRI with complete vertebral posterior wall but no spine deformity. The informed consent was obtained from all subjects, and the experiment and treatment were approved by Ethics Committee. METHODS: The especial instrument for kyphoplasty including puncturing device and balloon were provided by Shandong Guanlong Medical Utensils Co., Ltd. [LDAI (T) 2004 No. 2150017]; bone cement (Polymethymethacrylate) was made in China [MAIT 2005(T) No. 3650267]. Under X-ray fluoroscopy monitoring, single inflatable balloon was inserted into fractured vertebral body by puncturing needle and inflated via bipedicular approach to restore vertebral height. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Bone cement biocompatibility during and after surgery; ②pain relief within 72 hours after surgery, restoration of vertebral height and correction of kyphotic deformity.RESULTS: ①Bone cement biocompatibility: Little cement leakage was observed at one intervertebral space of one patient by X-ray film, but no clinical symptoms, inflammatory reaction or rejection were found. ②Obvious pain relief was found in 22 cases with within 72 hours after kyphoplasty. ③The height loss of the anterior and middle vertebral body reduced from (14.70±4.21) mm and (10.62±4.11) mm preoperatively to (10.38±4.23) mm and (6.45±4.04) mm postoperatively after single balloon inflation and cement filling. Cobb angle was corrected averagely from (21.15±6.33)° preoperatively to (11.64±4.33)° postoperatively. CONCLUSION:Biocompatibility of bone cement is good, and no specific adverse effects are found in despite of cement leakage. Bipedicular kyphoplasty with single balloon for painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures effectively restores vertebral heights and relieves pain.