The RhD antigen is expressed only in human red blood cells (RBC).Its immunogenicity and clinical application are only next to ABO blood group system, and is widely used both for blood typing and prevention of hemolytic disease of the newborn. The traditional anti-Rh(D) is derived by fractionation of plasma from individuals who have been sensitized by pregnancy or transfusion, or have been deliberately immunized to produce anti-Rh(D). Because of the limited source of plasma, researchers began the study of monoclonal and recombinant antibody. Monoclonal and recombinant anti-Rh(D) antibodies may provide alternatives to the current plasma derived polyclonal IgG anti-Rh(D), but up to now,none of them have yet proved effective in humans for prevention of RhD immunity and hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Genomics ; methods ; Humans ; Microbiology

Objective Donor derived naive T cells initiated GVHD by contacting with,mesenchymal stem cells(MSC)have been used to prevent or treat graft-versus-host disease(GVHD).although we stiff puzzle about its mechanisms.Observe the effect of MSC on phenotypes of Naive T cell to study the mechanism of MSC immunomodulation. Methods After 3 passages, MSC Was incubated with Naive T cell differentiated from COrd blood CD+34 cells in vitro.Then the variances of naive T cell phenotypes were analyzed by flow cytometric.Results CD+8 T cells were relatively increased after 7 days co-culture with allogenic MSC when compared to control:(35.9±6.3)%VS(18.4±4.5)%.CD+8 CD+3 cells also showed the same trend (27.6±2.8)%vs(15.2±3.1)%.Conclusion MSC may partly reduce the incidence of GVHD by increase of CD+8 naive T cell.The result may provide new clue to explain immunoregulatory mechanism of MSC.

The molecular descriptors of impurities with known structure in cefdinir were calculated, selected and associated with the chromatographic retention behavior to establish a model. This quantitative structure retention relationships (QSRR) model for the related substances of cefdinir was established under specific chromatographic condition and verified by other impurities. 12 molecular descriptors were used to establish the QSRR model, F_AFRBWF, Blbn_J, SsCH3, SssCH2, SsNH2, SssNH, SssS, SHdCH2, EEM_AFc, EEM_AFpl, EEM_XFpl and Pi_MaxQ. The relativity between true values and predictions in QSRR of cefdinir is R2 = 0.9836 (n = 18), ΔRRT is no more than 0.154, as 10.17% in RRT. The results indicate that the QSRR model for the related substances of cefdinir can be used to evaluate the analysis methods for related substances and predict the chromatographic behavior of new impurities, which will provide a new way for the evaluation of the effectiveness for drug quality control.

Objective To analyze the clinical and histological features of drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis (DI-AIH).Methods From January 2008 to June 2011,five patients with auto-immune hepatitis (AIH),having a definitive history of medicine taking prior to the onset of disease and accepted liver biopsy were retrospectively analyzed.The general information was collected,which included gender,age,onset of the disease,medication,clinical manifestations,treatment and follow-up.The laboratory findings were also collected,which included total bilirubin (TBil),direct bilirubin (DBil),alanine transaminase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT),globulin,γ-globulin percentage,albumin (Alb),eosinophils,antinuclear antibodies,antimitochondrial antibodies,anti-smooth muscle antibodies and the type of live injury.The liver tissue sections of patients were stained with hematoxylin-eosinstaining (HE) and reticular fiber staining and then pathological changes were observed.Patients with DI-AIH were scored with AIH scoring scale.Results All five patients with DI-AIH were female,average age was 48.0--+7.5.Prior to the onset of disease,all patients had taken Chinese traditional medicine.Anorexia and fatigue were the most common clinical symptoms.Among laboratory findings,the level of ALT ((795.0+467.4) U/L),AST ((730.44-451.5) U/L),TBil ((80.3-+ 64.1) μmol/L) and DBil ((65.2 +_ 58.0) μmol/L) significantly increased.One patient was antinuclear antibody positive.One patient had drug-induced liver injury,pathological features were spotty necrosis of liver cells,liver tissue eosinophil infiltration and liver cell microbubble type degeneration.All the patients had interface hepatitis,periportal infiltration of lymphocytes or lymphocytes-plasma cells,liver cells adjacent to lesion showed rosette-like structure.All the patients received glucocorticoid treatment.After glucocorticoid withdrawal,the liver function was normal during the follow-up period.Conclusion There are no specificity of clinical manifestations,laboratory findings and histological features in patients with DI-AIH.

Objective To study the reversion of the metabolic gene expression pattern of hypertrophic cardiac and role of Carvedilol and to explore the molecular regulatory mechanism of Carvedilol on attenuating the reversion back towards fetal energy metabolism occurring with the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Methods A model of hypertrophy induced by coarctation of abdominal aorta(CAA) in male Wistar rats was employed and changes of parameters such as hemodynamics, ventricular remodeling parameters, free fatty acid in blood serum and cardiac myocyte and expressions of muscle carnitine palmitoyltransferase Ⅰ (M CPT Ⅰ) and medium chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) mRNA were investigated in the experimental animals in operation group(CAA), sham operation group(SH) and Carvedilol intervention group(CAR) at 16 weeks after operation. Results Significant hypertrophy was found in the left ventricle in CAA group(3.41?1.30 vs 2.46?1.31, P

Objective To investigate the spatial organization of neurons, blood vessel and astrocytes at different time of reperfusion after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Methods 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group (n=8), reperfusion 1 day group and reperfusion 2 weeks group. The latter 2 groups were occluded the middle cerebral arteries for an hour and reperfused. All the rats were injected with gelatin ink. The expressions of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) and neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) in the brain were observed with immunohistochemistry. Results The vessels located mainly in cortex and nucleus. Most of astrocytes apophysis connected with vessels and neurons. Compared to the sham group, the expression of GFAP increased significantly in ischemic side, and the expression of NeuN decreased 1 day and 2 weeks after ischemia-reperfusion. The vessels decreased in the ischemic side 1 day after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, and then increased 2 weeks later. Conclusion The organization of neurovascular unit after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion has been observed.

Background and purpose:The application of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) has improved the local control rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma greatly, which changed the predictive value of T classiifca-tions of TNM staging system. This study aimed to validate the predictive effect of T classiifcations in the 7th Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) staging system and discuss the simpliifcation of T classiifcations.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 641 primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients at our center from January 2007 to June 2011. We evaluated the predictive effect of T classiifcations by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model.Results:The 5-year overall survival (OS), local relapse-free survival (LRFS), progression-free survival (PFS) and distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) were 85.4%, 88.5%, 78% and 87.1%, respectively. The 5-year OS of T1, T2, T3 and T4 categories were 91.6%, 85.3%, 90.1% and 76.5%, respectively; LRFS were 93%, 85.3%, 91.5% and 84.4%; PFS were 88.2%, 77.3%, 80.8% and 70.9%; DMFS were 95.1%, 88.9%, 88.2% and 81.3%, respectively. The difference in survival curves between T1, T2 and T3 were not signiifcant (P>0.05). However, several prognostic indexes were signiifcantly different between T4 and T1, T2, T3. We merged the T1, T2 and T3 classiifcations as new T1, and the T4 classiifcation as new T2. The 5-year OS of new T1 and T2 were 89.1% and 76.5% (P=0.001); LRFS were 90.1% and 84.4% (P=0.028); PFS were 81% and 70.9% (P=0.001); DMFS were 90.8% and 81.2% (P=0.002). The survival curves were substantially separated. The simpliifed T classiifcations had obvious advantages when separately analyzed in different N stages.Conclusion:In the era of IMRT, the predictive effect of T classiifcations of the 7th UICC staging system has diminished. The simpliifcation of T classiifcations can ift with the new treatment and provide a better surviv-al prediction.

Objective To explore the influence of plasma matrix metalloproteinase-7 ( MMP-7 ) levels and genetic polymorphism of MMP-7 - 181 A/G on the stability of carotid plaque.Method According to carotid ultrasound examination, 503 patients with carotid atherosclerotic lesions were consecutively recruited and divided into vulnerable plaque group (n = 118) and stable plaque group (n = 385).Plasma MMP-7 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and MMP-7 -181 A/G genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restiction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).Results Plasma MMP-7 levels in carotid vulnerable plaque group were significantly enhanced as compared to stable plaque group (t =5.49, P =0.00).The frequency of MMP-7 -181G allele in vulnerable plaque group was significantly higher than that in stable plaque group (11.4% vs 7.0% ,χ2 = 4.78, P= 0.029).Compared to AA genotype, the genotypes with - 181G allele (AG + GG) significantly increased susceptibility to carotid vulnerable plaque ( χ2 = 5.01, OR = 1.81, P = 0.025 ) .When further analyzing the relationship between genotype and plasma MMP-7 levels, no significant differences of plasma MMP-7 levels were observed between AA genotype and AG + GG genotype in stable plaque group.However, in vulnerable plaque group, plasma MMP-7 levels of AG + GG genotype were significantly higher than that of AA genotype( t = 2.62, P = 0.01).Conclusion The present findings suggest that plasma MMP-7 level may be a biomarker for carotid vulnerable plaque.Genetic polymorphism of - 181 A/G in MMP-7 promoter may affect the expression of MMP-7, and seems to be implicated in susceptibility to carotid vulnerable plaque.

Objective To investigate the dosimetric influence of pure carbon fiber treatment tabletop of Elekta Precise new linear accelerator in radiotherapy.Methods Surface-axis distance (SAD) technology was employed for the measurement.Two groups of fields were set and both of them were SAD opposed portals ( one of them went through the tabletop,while the other did not).A PTW electrometer and a 0.6 cm3 Farmer ionization chamber were utilized for comparison measurement.Then dose attenuation of the main table board,extended body board,the extended board for head,neck and shoulders,and the joints of these boards were calculated.Results Under the energy of 6 MV,the dose attenuations of the following locations were:1.4％ - 7.2％ at the main treatment table board; 2.8％ - 38.7％,1.4％ -30.1％,1.5％ -20.8％ and 1.4％ - 11.2％,respectively at distances of 1,4,7 and 8 cm from the joint of the main table board ;0.5％ - 5.0％ at the extended body board; 4.7％ - 15.4％ at distance of 1cm from the joint of the extended body board; 0.5％ -3.3％ at the neck position of the extended board for head,neck and shoulders; 5.3％ - 16.7％ at the shoulder positions; and 6.8％ -30.4％ at the joint between the extended boards and the main table board.Conclusions The dose attenuations of the new linear accelerator pure carbon fiber treatment tabletop vary at different locations. Considerable higher attenuations are observed at the table board joints than other locations.