The body fat measurements in old persons were carried out using two indirect methods; hydrostatic weighing and skinfold measurement.In comparison it was discovered that the skinfold measurement was significantly different from hydrostatic weighing method. Based on data of the circumference measurements which included forearm circumference (xl), arm circumference (x2), leg circumference(x3) thigh circumference(x4), abdomen circumference (x5) and buttock circumference(x6), two regression equations for the percentage of the body fat measurements were established as follows: male: F(%)=- 15.88 + 1.37BMI + 0.0102Y, female. F(%)= -34.9684 + 0.51BMI + 0.1469Y. Where Y = x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 + x6; BM1 (Body mass index) = weight(kg)/height(m)2Because the systematic error of skinfold measurements was bigger than those of circumference measurements, it was suggested that the above regression models could be used to estimate body fat in a simpler and easier way. At the same time the method of using percentage of body fat to classify obesity was compared with other two methods, excess body weight and BMI. The results showed that the rate of obesity based on BMI method was higher, and that based on excess body weight was lower than that of percentage of body fat measured by the water displacement method.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; surgery ; Humans ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To investigate the influence of glycine supplement on partial biochemical indicator in exhaustive exer‐cise mice .Methods Divided Kunming′s male‐mice into 3 group(10/group):exhaustive swimming group(E) ,exhaustive swimming group with glycine supplement(G) and silent control group (S) .Mice in the G group was treated with 4‐weeked intragastric admin‐istration of glycine ,while mice in other 2 groups received physiological saline .After 4 weeks ,mice in E and G group did the exhaus‐tive swimming exercise .After sampling ,the activity of complement hemolytic activity was measured ,and the serum levels of some biochemical indexes were determined .Results Time of exhaustive swimming in G group was significantly longer than E group(P<0 .01) .After exhaustive swimming ,the ALT ,AST ,ALP ,LDH ,CK ,N ,Fe3+ and CHA in E group were significantly changed com‐pared with S group(P<0 .01);while those indicators in G group were significantly improved than E group (P<0 .01) ,the ALP and LDH level can regain to the level of S group (P>0 .05) .Conclusion Exhaustive swimming mice can have part indicator abnormali‐ty ,but Glycine supplement can effectively improve that condition and enhance the exercise ability to some extent .

A method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was established to analyze the changes of intracellular metabolites and study the toxic mechanisms of different concentrations of particulate matter (PM2.5) effecting the lung tissues in mice.Nasal drip experiments of PM2.5 suspensions (0, 7.5, 20.0, 37.5 g/L) for mice were carried out, and the intracellular metabolites in lung tissues were extracted, pretreated and analyzed.Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were employed for pattern recognition, and an obvious distinction among different conditions was found.According to the PLS-DA loading diagram and variable important factor (VIP) value, 7 kinds of potential biomarkers, alanine, valine, leucine, ornithine, fumaric acid, citric acid and purine (p<0.01), were determined with significant differences between four different concentrations of PM2.5.Metabolic pathway analysis indicated that the oxidative stress reactions were enhanced, and the TCA cycle and the purine metabolism in lung cells were restrained after dripping PM2.5 to the lung tissues in mice.This study could provide a new perspective and theoretical basis for the further analysis on toxic mechanisms by PM2.5.

Objective To discuss the clinical value of D-dimer(DD) testing in diagnosis of patients with deep vein thrombosis(DVT) of the lower extremity.Methods An analysis retrospectively was made on the changes of DD testing in 106 cases of DVT at different periods after onset and different clinical stages of DVT,and DD testing in 99 patients with primary deep venous insufficiency(PDVI) as control group.(Results) DD was higher in the acute stage of DVT,and gradually decreased with time in chronic DVT,and was negative in the patients with PDVI;the positive rate was up to 85.7% in the distal DVT.Conclusions The DD testing can be used as one of the methods for diagnosis,prediction and prognosis of acute DVT,especially for diagnosis of distal DVT.

AIM: To evaluate the clinical feature of 9 patients harboring mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) G11778A mutation with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy ( LHON) .
●METHODS: Nine LHON patients were enrolled and followed- up between 2012 to 2015 in Shenzhen Eye Hospital, clinical data were collected and analyzed.
●RESULTS: Six cases had maternal inheritance history ( 67%) . Three were sporadic cases. The patients aged from 9 to 43 years old, with average age of (22. 00±9. 42) years. Simultaneous onset with both eyes was in 5 cases (56%). Successively onset was in other 4 cases (44%). The ratio between male and female was 2:1. In the last follow-up, the visual acuity was finger counted in 2 eyes (11%), 0. 01-0. 1 in 12 eyes (67%), 0. 12-0. 4 in 2 eyes (11%),≥0. 4 in 2 eyes (11%). All patients had pale disc and clear boundary. ln the Humphrey visual field examination, 10 eyes had typically cecocentral or paracentral scotoma, 8 eyes had diffuse visual field defect.
●CONCLUSION: ln the 9 LHON patients with mtDNA G11778A mutation, simultaneous onset cases were more than successively onset cases within 1y cases. In most cases, LHON patients kept stable visual acuity. Rare cases had a raise in visual acuity within 1y. Majority patients had typically cecocentral or paracentral visual field scotoma. In the last stage of LHON, visual field present diffused defect. The secondary affected eye was similar performed defect as the former one.

?AIM: To observe the clinical curative effect of the intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF antibody combined with the implantation of Ex-press glaucoma drainage device for neovascular glaucoma ( NG) .?METHODS:A retrospective analysis of 20 patients with NG, who got the intravitreal injection of anti -VEGF antibody combined with the implantation of Ex-press. The visual acuity, intraocular pressure ( IOP ) , iris neovascularization fade and intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed at 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo postoperatively.?RESULTS:The average IOPs of 20 patients were 47 ± 5.6mmHg, 13.4 ±3.6mmHg, 15.3 ±4.2mmHg, 16.9 ± 5.3mmHg and 18.7 ±6.9mmHg preoperatively and postoperatively 1wk, 1mo, 3mo and 6mo with statistical difference (P<0.05).The intraoperative and postoperative complications of the implantation of Ex-press mainly included early shallow anterior chamber, drainage tube obstruction, filtering bleb scarring. There were 8 eyes with filtering bleb scarring with normal IOP.?CONCLUSION: The intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF antibody combined with implantation of Ex -press is effective for NG, which can significantly reduce the IOP.

Background Both functional and morphological changes in amblyopic development are known to occur at various levels in the central visual pathway.However,whether the retina is involved or not during amblyopic progression remains controversial.Objective This study was designed to compare the thicknesses of the fovea and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) of the normal fellow eye of amblyopic eye using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in children with myopic anisometropia.Methods Twenty-two patients with unilateral myopic anisometropic amblyopia were included as the anisometropia amblyopia group.Ten unilateral myopic anisometropic amblyopia subjects received treatment and recovered were used as the amblyopic cure group,and 11 individuals with simple myopic anisometropia without amblyopia were enrolled as the control group.OCT was performed on both eyes of all the subjects with informed consent.Fovea retinal thickness and RNFL thickness from the superior,inferior,nasal and temporal quadrants in the peripapillary region were evaluated.The measurement parameters were bilaterally compared in all the individuals by paired t test.The multiple regression model was used to analyze the correlation of retinal thickness with amblyopia patients.This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of this hospital.Written informed consent was obtain from each subject prior to the eye examination.Results Fovea retinal thickness increased in the amblyopic eyes compared with the fellow eyes,showing a statistically significant difference between them (P =0.001).However,no significant differences were found in the fovea retinal thickness between both eyes in the amblyopic cure group and simple myopic anisometropia without amblyopia group (P =0.778,0.943).Among the anisometropia amblyopia group,amblyopia cure group and simple myopic anisometropia without amblyopia group,the RNFL thicknesses of the temporal quadrant was significantly thicker in the higher myopic lateral eyes than those of the fellow eyes (P＜0.001,P =0.003,P =0.046).However,the differences in the superior,inferior,nasal and the average RNFL thickness were not statistically significant between the two eyes (P＞0.05).A negative correlation was found between the inferior retinal thickness with age (r=-0.559,P=0.016).Conclusions The fovea may be affected in unilateral myopic anisometropic amblyopia.There is no significant difference in the RNFL thickness between simple myopic eye and unilateral myopic anisometropia amblyopic eye.Improvement in amblyopia is coming along with the reduction of the thickness of the fovea.

During the teaching activities, to stimulate students' subject awareness and encour-age them to play the main role in class activities are inevitable trends in the reform of college educa-tion. Students’ subjective activity is a key to the teaching effect of regional anatomy, a course mainly based on experimental program. Department of Human Anatomy in Chongqing Medical University lay-outs regional anatomy teaching program to develop the students' subjective activities in learning from the course specialty: in preview and review, to train students' image-thinking by drawing; in anatomi-cal operation link, to cultivate students' interest in learning and innovation by discussing the relation-ship of anatomical structure and clinical disease and identifying the variation of structure; in the eval-uation process, taking the formative evaluation system to promote the students' initiatives and ensure the objectiveness and fairness. The implementation of these measures promotes the regional anatomy teaching quality.

Objective In order to explore whether neurons in the cervicothoracic ganglion of female goat were equipped with the condition for the role of progesterone .Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of progesteron receptor ( PR) in cervicothoracic ganglion of female goats .Results The result indicated that PR-immunoreactive-products were mainly present in the cell bodies of neurons , and satellite cells , Schwann cells , neurapophysis and nerve fiber also had weaker staining .The cell membrane and cytoplasm of neurons represented brown as strong positive ,but the nucleus of neurons showed the presence of heterogeneity , 85.10% neurons ’ nucleus was strong positive,of which 31.91%nucleolus being clear vacuoles were negative;14.90%nucleus displaying vacuolization had no shaining, of which 7.45%nucleolus was strong positive .There were weak positive and flaxen PR-immunoreactive-products in satellite cells, Schwann cells, neurapophysis and nerve fiber .Image analysis shows that PR of neurons was extremely significant compared with other non-nerve cells ( P <0.01 ) . Conclusion The result proved that the sympathetic postganglionic neurons in cervicothoracic ganglion of female goat were the one of main target cells of progesterone ,suggesting that progesterone may be involving in the neuroregulation of cardiac functional activities through affectinng the activities of neurons in the cervicothoracic ganglion of female goat ,and PR in the cervicothoracic ganglion may act as a network node to coordinate endocrine regulation of progesterone and neuroregulation of autonomic nerve on the cardiac functional activities .