Objective To evaluate the effect of a biodegradable paclitaxel-eluting biliary stent on bile duct scar formation and biliary stricture by observing the healing process after stent placement in a porcine billiary model.Methods A novel biodegradable paclitaxel-eluting biliary polylactide stent was manufactured by immersion method.The efficacy of drug release for paclitaxel-eluting biliary stent was investigated by HPLC.Paclitaxel-eluting stent were surgically inserted in the bile duct of fifteen swines in experimental group while stent without paclitaxel were placed in other fifteen swines in control group.Animals were sacrificed after 1,3,6 months.The anastomic healing of the common bile duct was observed.The size of anastomosis was measured and compared between the two groups.Result A novel biodegradable paclitaxel-eluting biliary stent was manufactured.The total amount of paclitaxel released was about 281 pg (30.4％) over a month as determined with HPLC methods.There was no death,no leakage.The diameter of anastomosis in the experimental group was significantly larger than that in control group.Cholangiography did not show obvious bile duct dilatation in experimental group.Histologic examination showed less hyperplasia of the bile duct wall in the experimental group than that in control group.Conclusion Release of paclitaxel via a biodegradable stent relieves billiary stricture in porcine model and have no obvious negative influence on wound healing of the common bile duct.

BACKGROUND: Polymer micelles is a new type of drug carriers developed in recent years,with a wide range of carrying drugs,structural stability,excellent tissue permeability,long residence of drugs in vivo,and effective reaching the target.The performances of intelligent targeting and decreasing the initial burst release have become the focus of recent researches.OBJECTIVE: To obtain an intelligent targeting drug carrier of low critical solution temperature(LCST)at 40℃,to change drug release behavior through the changes of temperature,and to further improve the stability and drug release behavior of the micelles by core-crosslinking.METHODS: By radical polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide(NIPAAm)and N,N-dimethylacrylamide(DMAAm),hydroxyl terminated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N,N-dimethyl acrylamide)[P(NIPAAm-co-DMAAm)]was synthesized.Molecular weight and LCST of P(NIPAAm-co-DMAAm)were regulated by adjusting the mercaptoethanol and monomer ratio,as well as the ratio of NIPAAm and DMAAm,Amphiphilic block copolymer P(NIPAAm-CO-DMAAm)-b-PCL was prepared via bulk ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone by using the end hydroxyl group of P(NIPAAm-co-DMAAm)as initiator and stannous octoate as catalyst.The block copolymer reacted with acryloyl chloride to obtain amphiphilic block copolymers with unsaturated double bonds at the terminal.Drug loaded nano-micelles with different nuclear cross-linked degrees were prepared by dialysis method,and its release behavior was investigated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Amphiphilic block copolymers,with the LCST of 42℃,were obtained with hydroxyl or acryloyl endgroup.By blending them at different ratios,thermo-sensitive drug-loaded nano-micelles with different core-cresslinking degrees were prepared.The drug release rate was faster at 43℃ than at 37℃.With the core-crosslinking degrees increasing,the release of paclitaxel gradually slowed.The results suggest that the drug release rate from micelles prepared from thermo-sensitive P(NIPAAm-co-DMAAm)-b-PCL can be regulated by the degree of cross-linking.

Acquired Hyperostosis Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Adult ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Phytotherapy

Objective To evaluate the feasibility,safety,and efficacy of endovascular repair combined with second-stage surgical debridement for ruptured femoral pseudoaneurysms (RFP).Methods All patients who underwent emergency repair of an RFP in our institution between 2009 and 2013 were identified.Case notes were retrieved for clinical data.Results Seven patients were identified.All the patients were treated with emergent percutaneous stent-graft implantation and secondary surgical debridement.The procedure time was (55 ± 6.32) min,blood loss was (93.33 ± 25.03) ml,hospital stay was (9.5 ± 0.84) d,and no postoperative complications occurred.Conclusions stent graft implantation for the treatment of RFPs is safe and effective in short-or middle-term outcome.It is an alternative for RFPs and may be the better option,which makes the secondary surgical debridement feasible and viable.

Bilingual teaching is one of education reform in China.The essay analyzed the necessity of bilingual teaching and clarified the reason why it can procced in microbiology.Search after the way in microbiology course according to the character of college in western China.The practice accumulated experience for bilingual teaching.

A bacterial strain which could grow well on the substrate of PAEs as the sole source of carbon and energy was isolated from contaminated sludge in the river of WeiFang in ShangDong province and it was designated as JDC-3. Based on the morphology,biophysical and biochemical properties as well as molecular characteristics,this isolate was preliminarily identified as Delftia sp.. A fragment of phthalate dioxygenase gene was successfully amplified from the genus of Delftia for the first time using a set of degenerate primers. Meanwhile,the degradation capability of JDC-3 was determined by HPLC using DMP as test substrate. The results showed that the optimal pH and temperature were at 7.0～8.0 and 30?C～35?C respectively. The degradation kinetics of JDC-3 was studied in different initial DMP concentration under optimal conditions. The results indicated that the degradation dynamic equation was ln C =-0.06837 t + A when DMP concentration was lower than 300 mg/L,with half life of 12.48 h. The degradation rate decreased and half life of JDC-3 prolonged as the initial concentration kept on increasing.

Objective To investigate the correlation between neuronal injury and the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease (CAD) after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats, also to study the effect of caspase-3 particular inhibitor. Methods The focal cerebral ischemia model (occluding middle cerebral artery of the rats) was made by using modified inserting thread method and reperfusion after embolizing for one hour. Using HE staining, TUNEL staining and microscopy to observe the morphological changes of ischemic neurons at six different time points including 6,12,24,48 and 72 h, using immunohistochemistry to observe the changes of caspase-3 and CAD protein in two groups (model group and interfere group). Results There was no significant difference between the two groups using HE staining and microscopy. While there was difference of TUNEL staining positive cells in all time points, except 6 h time point; Both the two groups reached the expression peak of caspase-3 in 24 h, and the number was 2. 360± 0. 318 and 0. 804 ± 0. 206 respectively(t' = 10. 039, P < 0. 01), there was statistical significance from 12 h to 48 h between the two groups ; The expression peak time of CAD protein in two groups was 48 h, and the number was 3.061 ± 0. 567 and 0. 812 ± 0. 240 respectively (t' = 8. 960, P < 0. 01), there was statistical significance from 12 to 72 h between two groups. Conclusions Caspase-3-CAD-DNA degradation is one important way of neuronal injury in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion of rats, caspase-3 inhibitor can protect neuron in a certain degree.

OBJECTIVE To examine the feasibility of PCR amplification of 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer regions of bacteria in trauma infection by a pair of universal primers for gene diagnosis.METHODS The universal primers were designed at conserved regions of the 3' end of 16S rDNA and the 5' end of 23S rDNA.Bacterial genomic DNA from selected five commom bacteria in trauma infection were amplified by PCR.PCR products were examined using electrophoresis in agarose gel,and futher analyzed by sequencing.RESULTS The PCR products were similar to that we expected on the gel,which were confirmed by the results of sequencing and alignment.CONCLUSIONS Using the universal primers,16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer regions of bacteria in trauma infection could be amplified by PCR,which lays a solid foundation for gene diagnosis in farther studies.

Objective To investigate the expression level of adenosine 2A receptors in peripheral blood lymphocytes and the correlation with disease progression of Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods In this retrospcctive study,out patients with PD(42 cases)and healthy controls(32 cases) were recruited at Beijing Hospital.The expression level of A2A receptors in peripheral blood lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry.The concentration of free A2A receptors in plasma was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The expression of A2A receptors and plasma free A2A receptors in peripheral blood lymphocytes of the PD group and the control group was compared.Multivariate regression analysis and single factor correlation analysis were performed on sex,age,course of disease,duration of medication,drug type and dose,motor complications,and PD unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS)score.Results A2A receptor expression in lymphocytes was significantly higher in the PD group than in the control group (8.96 ± 4.73)％ vs.(5.39±2.42)％ (t=4.210,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in A2A receptor concentrations in plasma between the two groups (1.82 ± 1.91) μg/L vs.(1.15 ± 0.71) μg/L(t=1.078,P＞0.05).In the PD group,A2A receptor expression in lymphocytes in patients with motor complications was statistically lower than in patients without them (P＜ 0.05).Lymphocyte A2A receptor levels in the 5-9 years duration subgroup were significantly lower than those in the ＜5 years duration subgroup (Z=2.780,P＜0.01) and the≥10 years duration subgroup (Z=-2.149,P＜0.05).Conclusions The expression of A2A receptors in peripheral blood lymphocytes is correlated with PD.The expression of A2 A receptors in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with PD fluctuates with the occurrence of motor complications and the progression of disease.Further research is needed to establish A2A receptors as a biomarker for monitoring disease progression.