Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury is an important restricting factor of clinical liver resection and liver transplantation.When the liver is transiently deprived of blood followed by repeffusion,a large number of various mediators are released that can lead to cellular and,eventually,organ dysfunction.This review summarizes the pathogenesis and the protection mechanisms of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Calmodulin ; metabolism ; Female ; Lead ; toxicity ; Male ; Maternal Exposure ; Pregnancy ; Protein Kinase C ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

No abstract available.
Nifedipine* ; Vasopressins*

Brain Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; radiotherapy ; Cranial Irradiation ; Dose Fractionation ; Glioblastoma ; diagnostic imaging ; radiotherapy ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Fascia* ; Nasolabial Fold*

No abstract available.
Hand Injuries* ; Hand*

Hand injury in children was increased due to multiple environmental risks and failed attention of parents to children in rapidly developing society. By the results of this evaluation in 37 cases, it was summarized as follows. First, hand injuries in children most commonly occurs in spring, and occurs more commonly in the children at the age of high activity. The most common level of injury is zone I by microreplantation zone, and zone II by tendon injury zone. The more desirable results were obtained by full thickness skin graft and composite graft if it were possible. For the better functional results compare to adults, the methods and procedures must be constructed after more evaluation with more clinical cases. In the cases of pediatric hand injury, the most important fact is prevention of injury, with the close attention by parents, and the second is appropriate diagnosis and treatment for more functional results.
Adult ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Hand Injuries* ; Hand* ; Humans ; Parents ; Skin ; Tendon Injuries ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

Objective: This study investigates the effect of docetaxel + oxaliplatin + S-1 (DOS program) in treating advanced gastric cancer and surgical safety assessment. Methods: Fifty patients with advanced gastric cancer admitted to the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between January 2011 and May 2012 were enrolled in this study. These patients were randomized into the observation arm (n=25) and the control group (n=25). The observer group was administered three cycles of chemotherapy using a DOS program before surgical treatment, whereas the control group underwent surgery. Results: Compared with the control group, the clinical response rate (64.0%), D2 lymph node dissection rate (88.0% vs. 64.0%), and R0 resection rate (92.0%vs. 68.0%) in the observation group were significantly higher (P<0.05). Moreover, the number of postoperative lymph node metastasis in the observation group was significantly less than that in the control group (3.2±2.5 vs. 6.3±2.9, P<0.05). The operative time (230.5 min±45.6 min vs. 205.6 min±42.4 min) and intra-operative blood loss (425.5 mL ±115.4 mL vs. 210.6 mL±125.6 mL) of the two groups were sta-tistically significantly different (P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications and lymph node sweeping number of the two groups showed no significant difference (19.6 ±2.8 vs. 21.2 ±2.0, P>0.05). The patients exhibited good tolerance to chemotherapy, with bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal reactions as the main adverse effects. Conclusion:The DOS program is a highly efficient, advanced gastric cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The program can improve patient survival and has good patient tolerance and compliance, good peri-operative safety, high R0 resection rate, and low postoperative lymph node metastasis rate.

Objective To explore the relationship between expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a product of multidrug resistance (MDR) gnne, in the peripheral blood of children with intractable or newly diagnosed epilepsy for drug resistance. To establish a marker of drug resistance. To evaluate the therapeutic effect of flunarizine in the treatment of intractable epileptic patient with or without overexpression of P-gp. Methods The expression of P-gp in peripheral blood were investigated in 86 epileptic children (41 in intractable epilepsy group, 45 in newly diagnosed epilepsy group) and 44 healthy children (controlled group) by flow cytometry. Intractable epileptic patients with or without overexpression of P-gp were given flunarizine 2.5 - 5 mg, po, qn, for 3 months and followed up. Results Overexpression of P-gp were found in 23 (56.1%) patients of intractable epilepsy group, in 10 (22.2%) patients of newly diagnosed epilepsy group and three (6.8%) children of the controlled. In intractable epilepsy group, 17 out of 23 cases (73.9%) patient with overexpression of P-gp became tolerant to antiepileptic drugs, while 3 out of 18 cases (16.7%) patient without expression of P-gp became tolerant to antiepileptic drugs, and there was significant difference between them (P < 0.01) . In the newly diagnosed epilepsy group, seven out of 10 cases (70%) with overexpression of P-gp became intractable epileptic patient and three out of 35 eases (18.6%) without expression of P-gp became intractable epileptic patient, there was significant difference between them (P < 0.01). Twenty patients of intractable epilepsy group were given flunarizine for three months, 11 of 17 patients with P-gp overexpression and 1 of 3.patients without P-gp expression were effective. When reexamined, P-gp expression in 6 out of 11 patients became negative. Conclusions It is suggested that overexpression of P-gp in the peripheral blood of intractable epileptic patients might be a significant marker of drug resistance. Newly diagnosed epileptic patients with overexpression of P-gp may develop intractable epilepsy. P-gp was a predictable marker of intractable epilepsy. Flunarizine could be a choice in treatment of intractable epilepsy with overexpression of P-gp. The antiepileptic mechanism of flunarizine may involve in reversing of P-gp.