To study the mechanism ofstimulating effect of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D 3 on induction of neovascularization during gastric carcinogenesis induced by N methyl N′ nitro N nitrosoguanidine in rats, gastric carcinogenesis in rats was induced by administration of MNNG (150mg/L) in drinking water. Four weeks after MNNG exposure, rats were fed with diet containing 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 (2.5?g/kg, 5.0?g/kg) . Animals were killed at week 16, and 32 for the study of neovascularization by cardiovascular perfusion with carbon ink and immunohistochemical staining of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF). Expression of VEGF and microvessel density in glandular stomach of rats receiving 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ( 5.0?g/kg) in the diet dramatically increased when compared with the rats receiving MNNG alone at week 16, and the differences were more significant at week 32. Expression of VEGF was closely correlated with microvessel density. We propose that certain dose of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 stimulated neovascularization during gastric carcinogenesis in rats induced by MNNG partly through increasing VEGF expression.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze problems occurred in the practical use of clinical medicine cabinet and raise countermeasures.METHODS:The application data of drugs in clinical medicine cabinet were analyzed with the help of Hospital Information System(HIS).RESULTS:Low application frequency and unclear medicine sign were the common problems occurred in the practice of clinical medicine cabinet management;furthermore,the storing condition remained to be improved.CONCLU-SION:Management of clinical medicine cabinet should be regulated and strengthened to promote safe and effective drug use in the clinic.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parkinson Disease ; drug therapy ; therapy

AIM: To study the immune regulation of paecilomyces cicadidae total polysaccharides. METHODS: After subcutaneous injection with 200 mg/L paecilomyces cicadidae total polysaccharides in the back of the rats for 17 days, the white blood cell (WBC) counts, and the levels of lipid peroxide (LPO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the spleen and thymus of rats were detected. The alveolar macrophages (AM?) cultured with 10% fetal bovine serum-RPMI-1640 for 2 h in vitro , then the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and acid phosphatase (ACP) were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer, and the ability devouring neutral red in the AM? were examined. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the WBC, the levels of GSH in the spleen and thymus, and the activities of LDH and ACP were significantly increased and the ability of devouring neutral red was also strengthened( P

Objective To investigate the efficacy of adductor canal block (ACB) under the guidance of ultrasound for postoperative analgesia in the pediatric patients undergoing knee operation.Methods Sixty pediatric patients,aged 3-12 yr,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,weighing 12-35 kg,scheduled for elective unilateral knee operation,were selected and randomly divided into 2 equal groups using a random number table:ultrasound-guided ACB group (group ACB) and ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block (FNB) group (group FNB).After induction of general anesthesia,ACB or FNB was performed under the guidance of ultrasound,and 0.3％ ropivacaine 1 ml/kg was injected.Anesthesia was maintained with intravenous infusion of remifentanil combined with propofol,and bispectral index value was maintained at 40-60.Immediately after injection of local anesthetics (T0),and at 4,8,12 and 24 h after injection (T1-4),analgesic efficacy was assessed using the FLACC pain scale,and quadriceps strength was assessed by manual muscle testing.Satisfactory analgesia was defined as FLACC score ≤ 3,and obvious quadriceps weakness was defined as manual muscle testing grade 0-2.The complications associated with nerve block (such as local anesthetic toxicity,bleeding at the puncture site,hematoma),and occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and delayed emergence were recorded.Results There was no significant difference between two groups in the rate of satisfactory analgesia at T1-T4 (P＞ 0.05).Compared with group FNB,the incidence of obvious quadriceps weakness was significantly lower at T1-T3 (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found at T4 in group ACB (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of nausea or retching between two groups (P＞0.05).Complications associated with nerve block,vomiting and delayed emergence were not observed in the two groups.Conclusion Ultrasound-guided ACB can be safely and effectively used for postoperative analgesia in the pediatric patients undergoing knee operation,and it has less influence on the quadriceps strength than FNB.

Objective To evaluate the reliability of ultrasound for rapid identification of esophageal intubation in the patients with difficult airway.Methods Twenty-one patients requiring orotracheal intubation, aged 20-75 yr, with body mass index of 25-32 kg/m2, of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ , Cormack-Lehane grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ under direct laryngoscope, undergoing elective general anesthesia, were selected.The carotid artery, trachea and esophagus were identified by ultrasonic scanning at suprasternal notch before induction of anesthesia.After induction of anesthesia, tracheal intubation was performed.During intubation, ultrasound was performed to detect esophageal intubation.After intubation, mechanical ventilation was performed.Auscultation of bilateral breath sounds was carried out to evaluate the tube position.The position of the tube was subsequendy determined through partial pressure of end-tidal CO2 monitoring.Results The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound in identifying esophageal intubation were both 100％ in the patients with difficult airway.Conclusion Ultrasound can rapidly and effectively identify esophageal intubation in the patients with difficult airway.

Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasound-measured quantification of anterior neck soft tissue in predicting the difficult laryngoscopy in the obese patients.Methods Ninety-six patients,with body mass index ≥ 28 kg/m2,aged 22-60 yr,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation,were selected.Assessment methods of modified Mallampati grade (method M) and anterior neck soft tissue quantification measured by ultrasound (method U) were performed before anesthesia.The level of vocal cords was selected using ultrasound scanning for anterior neck.The positive result was greater than 20 mm in method U,and was grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ in method M.Direct laryngoscope was placed after induction of anesthesia.Difficult laryngoscopy was defined as Cormack-Lehane grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ,or in whom laryngoscope could not be placed.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the two assessment methods for predicting the difficult laryngoscopy were calculated.Results Twenty-two patients were found to have difficult laryngoscopy,and the anterior neck soft tissue quantification was (23.0±3.0) mm,which was significantly thicker than that in the patients of non-difficult laryngoscopy ((1.9±2.2) mm).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of method U were 91％,92％ and 92％,respectively,and of method M were 77％,81％ and 80％,respectively,and there was significant difference between the two methods.There was no significant difference in the parameters of difficult laryngoscopy which were predicted using method U between the patients of different ages or gender.Conclusion It can accurately predict the difficult laryngoscopy in the obese patients when the ultrasound-measured quantification of anterior neck soft tissue is greater than 20 mm.

Objective To evaluate the effects of acute peritonitis on rocuronium?induced neuromus?cular blockade in abdominal muscles and function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum of rats. Methods Thirty?six pathogen?free male Sprague?Dawley rats, weighing 220-250 g, were divided into 2 groups using a ran?dom number table: control group (group C, n=12) and acute peritonitis group (group P, n=24). After the rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium, acute peritonitis was induced by artificial gastric per?foration in group P. At 1 and 2 h after operation, the changes in the intra?abdominal pressure (IAP) with different volumes were detected, and blood samples were collected from the orbital veins for determination of serum levels of interleukin?6, tumor necrosis factor?alpha and interleukin?13. Rocuronium 3. 5 mg∕kg was then injected via the caudal vein. The IAP was recorded at 1, 5 and 10 min after administration. The intra?cellular free Ca2+ concentration was assessed using fura?2, and the maximal Ca2+ uptake and release rate in the sarcoplasmic reticulum were calculated. Results Compared with group C, the serum levels of interleu?kin?6 and tumor necrosis factor?alpha at 2 h after operation and IAP at 1 and 2 h after operation were signifi?cantly increased, the IAP was increased at 1, 5 and 10 min after administration of rocuronium, and the maximal Ca2+ uptake rate and amount of calcium uptake in the sarcoplasmic reticulum were decreased in group P ( P<0.01) . Conclusion Acute peritonitis decreases rocuronium?induced neuromuscular blockade in abdominal muscles, which may be related to the impaired Ca2+uptake function of the sarcoplasmic reticu?lum of rats.

OBJECTIVE:To study the optimum formation technics of Xuesaitong drop pill.METHODS:Parallel tests were conducted on the dosage of different base materials and the main drug with the forming percentage and the rate of qualified weight as the index of evaluation,the orthogonal test was conducted on the4factors,including the temperature of drops and the liquor condensate,the drug height in the drug storage tank and the dropping distance.RESULTS:The ratio of base materials and the main drug was2.5∶1.The optimum forming technics could be seen as follows,the height of the drug storage tank was3cm,the temperature of drops was90℃,the dropping distance was5cm and the temperature of the liquor condensate was12.5℃.CONCLUSION:There was a high rate of end product of dropping pill prepared with this optimum process,which was in conformity with the standard stated in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.