No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Adenoma* ; Toes*

No abstract available.
Atrophy* ; Brain*

A solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a relatively uncommon neoplasm that usually occurs in the pleura. However, SFTs are now known to affect various other anatomic sites as well, including rare examples in the skin. Cutaneous SFT is composed of uniformly spindled cells, which is classically described as a patternless feature. This tumor can mimic a variety of benign and malignant mesenchymal neoplasms. The first patient presented with a 3x3 cm sized subcutaneous nodule on the neck. Histopathologically, the biopsy specimen showed proliferation of spindle cells and epitheliod cells. Immunohistochemical stains for CD34, vimentin, bcl-2, and CD99 were strongly expressed. The second patient presented with a 1.5x1 cm sized subcutaneous nodule on the occipital area. The biopsy specimen was histopathologically consistent with SFT. Primary SFT developing on the skin is extremely rare, and only two cases have been reported in the Korean literature. SFT should be distinguished from primary spindle cell neoplasms of the skin.
Biopsy ; Coloring Agents ; Humans ; Hydrazines ; Neck ; Pleura ; Skin ; Solitary Fibrous Tumors ; Vimentin

No abstract available.
Lymphatic Diseases*

Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is an uncommon intraepithelial neoplasm that most commonly arises on the vulva and perianal region. Very few cases of EMPD revealing a histological Bowenoid appearance have been reported. This study describes scrotal EMPD presenting with histological features of Bowen's disease in a 79-year-old man. He presented with a 5-year history of a pruritic erythematous plaque and a verrucous papule on the scrotum. The verrucous papule histopathologically showed Bowenoid features, and the erythematous plaque demonstrated acantholytic EMPD. Immunohistochemical findings revealed strong expression for carcinoembryonic antigen, Cam 5.2, epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin (CK) 7, and pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3) in both areas, but negative CK20 staining, supporting the overall diagnosis of primary acantholytic anaplastic EMPD. This is the first reported case of acantholytic anaplastic EMPD in the Korean literature.
Aged ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins ; Mucin-1 ; Paget Disease, Extramammary ; Scrotum ; Vulva

No abstract available.
Animals ; Blastocyst* ; Insulin* ; Mice*

No abstract available.
Umbilical Cord*

PURPOSE: To investigate 12-month treatment outcomes of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in eyes with typical exudative age-related macular degeneration with good baseline visual acuity. METHODS: This retrospective observational case series included 18 eyes (18 patients) with typical exudative age-related macular degeneration with a baseline best-corrected visual acuity of 20 / 25 or better. Patients were treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monotherapy during the 12-month follow-up period. Baseline visual acuity and central foveal thickness were compared to the values at 12 months. RESULTS: Patients received an average of 4.4 +/- 1.3 intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections. The mean logarithm of minimum angle of resolution visual acuity was 0.08 +/- 0.04, 0.08 +/- 0.07, 0.12 +/- 0.09, and 0.16 +/- 0.11 at baseline, three months, six months, and 12 months, respectively. Visual acuity at 12 months was significantly worse than the baseline value at diagnosis (p = 0.017), and the mean central foveal thickness at the defined time points was 270.2 +/- 55.6, 204.4 +/- 25.4, 230.1 +/- 56.3, and 216.8 +/- 48.7 microm, respectively. The central foveal thickness at 12 months was significantly less than the baseline value at diagnosis (p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS: Deterioration in visual acuity was noted in eyes with typical exudative age-related macular degeneration with good baseline visual acuity, suggesting the need for close patient monitoring and prompt treatment even in patients with good baseline visual acuity.
Aged ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors/*therapeutic use ; Bevacizumab/therapeutic use ; Choroidal Neovascularization/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Humans ; Intravitreal Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ranibizumab/therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors ; Visual Acuity/*physiology ; Wet Macular Degeneration/*drug therapy/physiopathology

OBJECTIVE: The disintegration of extracellular matrix and basement membrane are important processes in the infiltration and metastasis of malignant tumors. We investigated the expressions of matrix metallo- proteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP-2) in tissues and sera from patients with cervical cancer, and compared the expressions of these enzymes with patient clinical status to determine the possibility of these enzymes being used as tumor biomarkers. METHODS : The expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were investigated in sixty cervical cancer tissues obtained from patients who were histologically confirmed having cervical cancer by immunohistochemical staining, and the expressions of the mRNAs of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were confirmed by using RT-PCR. Also, the amounts of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in sera obtained from each patient during treatment progress were measured using ELISA to determine the presence of a relationship between the expression levels of these enzymes and the clinical condition of the patient. RESULTS: In terms of the expression levels of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 by immunohistochemical staining, MMP-2 was shown to be positive in 46% (28/60) of the normal cervical tissues and in 75% (45/60) of the cervical cancer tissues, and the degree of expression of MMP-2 was also stronger in cervical cancer tissue than in normal cervical tissue. TIMP-2 was shown to be positive in 23% (14/60) and 27% (16/60) of normal cervical tissues and cervical cancer tissues, respectively, though these expressions were weak in nature. The mRNA of MMP-2 was more distinctly expressed in cervical cancer tissue than normal cervical tissue, but no difference could be seen in the case of TIMP-2. In terms of expressions as determined by ELISA, the positivity rate of MMP-2 in the normal control group and the cervical cancer group were 12% (7/54) and 76% (46/60), respectively, and the corresponding positivity rates of TIMP-2 were 22% (12/54) and 98% (59/60), respectively (p<0.05). MMP-2 expression reflected clinical condition in 57.5% of the patients, and TIMP-2 in 35%, however, MMP-2 expression increased in the presence of recurrent cervical cancer. CONCLUSIONS : MMP-2 and TIMP-2 are closely related with cervical cancer, and MMP-2 is believed a tumor biomarker that possibly reflects clinical status.
Basement Membrane ; Biomarkers ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Extracellular Matrix ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2* ; Metalloproteases ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; RNA, Messenger ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2* ; Biomarkers, Tumor* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*