Neuroenteric cyst derives from endodermal tissue displaced dorsally into the spinal canal ventral to the neural plaque through the interposed mesodermal layer that forms the vertebral bodies, embryologically. It is located along the alimentary canal, or ventral to the spinal cord in the cervical, thoracic area, or at the cervicothoracic junction within the boundaries of C3 above and T7 below and lies in an intramedullary or intradural extramedullary location in most patients. To date, retroperitoneal neuroenteric cyst has been described in only few cases. We report a case of asymptomatic retroperitoneal neuroenteric cyst in a 28-year-old man with a brief review of literatures, which found incidentally on health care center.
Adult ; Delivery of Health Care ; Endoderm ; Humans ; Mesoderm ; Neural Tube Defects* ; Spinal Canal ; Spinal Cord

PURPOSE: We investigated the clinical characteristics and demographics of patients who suffered from hydrofluoric acid chemical injury and the mechanism of damage. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who were exposed to hydrofluoric acid from March 2004 to March 2009 and who were seen at the emergency centers in two university teaching hospitals. RESULTS: Forty four patients out of 47 patients suffered from chemical burn, while the injuries of the remaining 3 could not be identified by the medical records. A total of 17 hydrofluoric acid chemical injury patients were enrolled during the study period, and their mean age was 29.6+/-7.0. All the patients were accidentally injured by contact with the material and none of them inhaled or ingested the material. Only 6 patients wore appropriate protective equipments and 5 underwent the water irrigation for more than 10 minutes. The most common exposure area was the hand and forearm (70.5%). Less than 1% of all of the patients had their total body surface (TBS) exposed to hydrofluoric acid (mean=0.35%). The mean time interval from calcium gluconate administration to pain relief was 33.6+/-8.8 hours. CONCLUSION: When exposed to hydrofluoric acid, it is important to wear protective equipment and undergo water irrigation for more than 10 minutes. Pain and skin damage were observed in all the patients. After treatment, we concluded that administration of calcium gluconate and pain killers was successful in relieving pain, and the prognosis was also positive for the admitted and followed up patients when less than 1% of the TBS was exposed.
Burns, Chemical ; Calcium Gluconate ; Demography ; Emergencies ; Forearm ; Gluconates ; Hand ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Hydrofluoric Acid ; Medical Records ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Water

PURPOSE: There is a dearth of information on maternal drug exposure during lactation. The Korean Mothersafe Professional Counseling Center launched helpline to provide information and clinical consultation service on drug safety during lactation as well as in pregnancy. Here, we reviewed our 5 years' experience of counseling with drug exposed breastfeeding mothers. METHODS: The questionnaires were given to drug exposed breastfeeding mothers from January 2005 to April 2010 who contacted our helpline and follow-up survey data was collected by phone call. The questionnaires included lists of symptoms that exposed mothers experienced and that was observed in their infants, as well as demographic questions and questions about lactation. RESULTS: A total of 278 mothers completed the survey and lactational exposure was estimated. Majority of them reported that their infants and themselves never experienced serious side effects of drugs during lactation. Only 3 (1.1%) babies reported side effects and 20 (7.2%) mothers reported decreased production of breast milk. Two hundred thirty two (83.5%) mothers continued breastfeeding after counseling. Lactation was stopped temporarily in 20 (7.2%) mothers and permanently in 26 (9.3%) mothers. CONCLUSION: Most of the drugs exposed during lactation did not cause serious side effects to infants and mothers. As many drugs have inadequate data to assure safety, the clinician is left with a dilemma as to where the balance of risks and benefits lie with respect to the mother and her baby. The author expect that analyses of these counseling will contribute to provide practical answers to clinicians as well as exposed mothers and to establish correct breastfeeding practice.
Breast Feeding ; Counseling ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Lactation ; Milk, Human ; Mothers ; Pregnancy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Risk Assessment