No abstract available.
Humans

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of PTSD on memory funtion and hippocampal volume, and to identify major variables correlated to hippocampal volume and memory function. Thirty four Vietnam veterans were collected for this study, among whom eighteen were PTSD patients and sixteen were combat control subjects. The author used Impact of Event Scale(IES), Combat Exposure Scale(CES), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HDRS) and Beck Depression Inventory(BDI). Korea Memory Assessment Scale(K-MAS) was assessed for memory function. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) was used to measure hippocampal volume. There were significant differences between PTSD and Non-PTSD veterans in IES, HDRS and BDI. Significant difference was found in verbal memory and total memory of K-MAS between PTSD and Non-PTSD veterans. There was significant difference in hippocampal volume between PTSD and Non-PTSD veterans. Short term memory, verbal memory and total memory were positively correlated to hippocampal volume. Hippocampal volume was negatively correlated to IES, HDRS, and BDI. These results suggest that PTSD severity be associated with hippocampal atrophy and memory dysfunction. Reduced or smaller hippocampal volume may be preexisting risk factor for stress exposure or the development of PTSD on combat exposure.
Atrophy ; Depression ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Korea ; Memory* ; Risk Factors ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic* ; Veterans ; Vietnam

No abstract available.
Herpesvirus 3, Human* ; Korea* ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length*

Granulosa cell tumors are uncommon neoplasm of ovary that are characterized by their long natural history and for their tendency to recur years after an aparrent clinical cure. Endometrial cancer occurs in association with these tumor in at least 5% of cases and 25%-50% are associated with endometrial hyperplasia. In this study, we present a case of granulosa cell tumor of right ovary with endometrial cancer after left oophrectomy.
Endometrial Hyperplasia ; Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female ; Granulosa Cell Tumor* ; Granulosa Cells* ; Natural History ; Ovary*

Recently, accumulation of knowledge on cerebrovascular microanatomy and its hemodynamics and advances in interventional equipments, especially microcatheters, could make superselective embolization as well as for an adjunctive preoperative procedures The authors performed superselective angiography and embolization with Tracker microcatheter in 25 procedures out of 15 patients with brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Complete embolization was done in 7 prtients (46.7%), nearly complete embolization in 6 patients(40.4%), and partial embolization in 2 patients (13.3%). The overall curative success rate of embolization was 86.7%. Five patients showed no complication at all. Mild complications, however, were observed in 7 patients (46.8%). Severe complications such as AVM or Tracker rupture were observed in 3 patients (20%). In conclusion, superselective embolization is and effective method for the treatment of brain AVMs, and multiple session embolizations could reduce the complication rate and increase the success rate.
Angiography ; Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Brain* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Methods ; Preoperative Care ; Rupture

No abstract available.
Angioplasty*

The reliability of emergency ultrasonographic(US) detection of hemoperitoneum and solid organ injury in blunt abdominal trauma was evaluated retrospectively. From October 1,1995 to August 31,1996,90 patients were included in the study. Ultra- sonographic findings showed a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 97.6%, 97.9%, and 98.1%, respectively, in detecting intraabdominal fluid collection. We believe that US in an emergency center is a quick, safe screening method in the evaluation of blunt abdominal trauma. In our department, US has replaced diagnostic peritonaeal lavage(DPL) and computed tomography(CT) as the screening study of first choice.
Emergencies* ; Hemoperitoneum* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography*

PURPOSE: The objectives of this study are to compare the hospital employees' and patients' recognition and attitudes toward the opening of the medical services market, to analyze the differences between hospital employees and patients on the factors in selecting a foreign hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study collected and analyzed data using systematic questionnaires that were self-administered by employees and outpatients to compare their recognition of the opening of the medical services market and the factors involved in selecting a foreign hospital. RESUTLS: Employees exhibited a higher level of recognition than the patients. Reasons for agreement were to ensure the right of selection for both the employees and patients. Reasons for disagreement, however, were split between the two groups: degraded public characteristics of medical services, for employees; and expensive medical fees, for patients. The most urgent task to prepare for the opening of the medical services market is the improvement of the diagnosis and treatment technologies for employees, and improvement of the services provided by hospital staff for patients. CONCLUSION: Korean hospitals shall need to improve their diagnosis and treatment technologies and provide medical services of high quality in order to compete with foreign hospitals.

No abstract available.
Parenteral Nutrition, Total

Traditionally, Ketamine has been considered to be contraindicated in neurosurgical patients due to the risk of intracranial hypertension. The evidence for this contraindication originated from early case reports and case-control studies which were inadequately designed and controlled. However, several recent articles indicate that ketamine can be safely used in traumatic brain injured patients treated with mechanical ventilation and that there is no significant increase in the intracranial pressure (ICP). Ketamine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist. It is believed to provide neuroprotection through a reduction in the glutamate excitotoxicity. This evidence is based on in vitro and animal studies. However, studies about its neuroprotective effects in humans are scarce. Data to recommend ketamine as first-line anesthetics for neurosurgery are insufficient, but ketamine as an adjuvant anesthetic agent may have benefits for neurosurgical patients, such as traumatic head injured patients with unstable hemodynamics. Therefore, ketamine should not be considered as absolutely contraindicated for neurosurgical patients and adequately powered, high-quality randomized controlled studies are needed to provide clinical evidences.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthetics ; Animals ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Case-Control Studies ; Glutamic Acid ; Head ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Intracranial Hypertension ; Intracranial Pressure ; Ketamine* ; N-Methylaspartate ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Neurosurgery ; Respiration, Artificial