Objective To investigate the cause of vertical root fracture in pulpless teeth, and advance the measures of prevention. Methods The clinical data of 20 vertical root fracture in pulpless teeth (17 patients) were collected. The status of the teeth and periodontium before therapy were reviewed, the position and direction of the root fracture were observed, the type and position of the restoration and the occludent station of the teeth were analyzed. Results It was revealed that vertical root fracture frequently occurred in the molars (16/20). Vertical root fracture were frequently found in front teeth(4/20) and premolars (5/20)among those with coronal integrity. Decrease of alveolar level of various degrees was found in 19 cases, among which 8 were mild, 7 moderate and 4 severe. Vertical root fracture mainly took place in molars after coronal restoration (6/7). Vertical root fracture would likely to occur no matter whether they would be worked as the abutment teeth of the removable partial denture or fixed prostheses. Early contact occurred in lateral bite (6 cases) was more susceptible to vertical root fracture than that occurred in centric bite (1 case). Conclusion The causes of vertical root fracture in pulpless teeth are complicated. Due to unfavorable outcomes, it is important to take precautions for vertical root fracture.

Objective To explore the functional expression and temporality of MDR1 gene in bone marrow of rabbits after autologous bone marrow transplantation with MDR1 transferred bone marrow mononuclear cells. Methods The supernatant of the amphotropic virus producer cell line PA317-HaMDR1/A was collected and concentrated to cocultivate with the bone marrow mononuclear cells of the rabbits. After large dose of chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide,the transferred cells were autotransplanted into the bone marrow. The integration,transfection rate and physiological function of MDR1 gene were tested by PCR,SP immunohistochemical method and daunorubicin (DNR) extrusion test respectively. Results After autologous bone marrow transplantation had been executed for 1-4 months,the integration of MDR1 gene in genome of bone marrow mononuclear cells was detected by PCR,and the expression rates of P-gp in cells tested by SP immunohistochemical method were 9.5%,8.5%,6.0% and 3.5% respectively. The physiological function of MDR1 gene in bone marrow cells was proved by DNR extrusion test. Conclusion After the autotransplantation with bone marrow mononuclear cells transferred by MDR1 gene,the MDR1 gene can implant into the bone marrow of rabbits and has expressed functionally for 4 months,which has provided a basis for further research on chemoprotection experiment of the MDR1 gene transferred into the bone marrow cells.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of three types of anesthesia methods in elderly patients with coronary heart disease undergoing unilateral lower extremity surgery.Methods Totally 65 patients with coronary heart disease of cardiac function Ⅰ-Ⅱ (NYHA),scheduled for undergoing unilateral lower limb surgery were randomly divided into three groups:local nerve block anesthesia of lumbar plexus plus the sciatic nerve (21 cases),general anesthesia (19 cases),epidural anesthesia (25 cases).Systolic blood pressure (SBP),heart rate (HR),pulse rate and blood oxygen saturation (SPO2) at 0 min,10 min,20 min,30 min,40 min after surgery at the end of the surgery were observed and recorded.The change of troponin Ⅰ (cTnI) at 3 day after surgery was observed.Visual analoguc scales (VAS) scores.movement reaction,the infortnation of muscle relax and corresponding management were recorded in order to detect anesthesia efficacy.Results The excellent and satisfactory rate of anesthesia efficacy of three groups were 17 cases (81.0％) and 4 cases (19.0％),17 eases (89.5％) and 2 cases (10.5％),22 cases (88.0％) and 3 cases (12.0％) (all P＞0.05).In epiduralgroup compared with other groups,SBP were decreased (both P＜0.05).cTnI in nerve stimulator group was decreased (all P＜0.05) at 1 and 3 day after surgery compared with general anesthesia group,and at 3 day after surgery,cTnI level in nerve stimulator group was lower than other two groups(all P＜0.05).Conclusions The nerve stimulator guided nerve block is the most safe method among general anesthesia and epidural anesthesia in elderly patients with coronary heart disease scheduled for lower extremity surgery.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for determining the content of Ornidazole gel by first-order derivative spectrophotometry.METHODS:The first-order derivative spectrophotometry was used to determine the content of Ornidazole gel at a wavelength of 259nm and 299nm.RESULTS:The linear range of Ornidazole was 4.01～44.1?g?mL-1.The average recovery was 101.6%,with RSD of 1.3%.CONCLUSIONS:This method can meet the requirements for quality control of Ornidazole gel both in terms of precision and accuracy.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether the magnesium sulfate injection(MSI)into cisterna magna in a rabbit with subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)can reverse the cerebral vasospasm and damage of brain tissues.METHODS:The single-hemorrhage SAH rabbit model was used.Thirty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the following three groups(n=10,in the each group):sham group,model group and MSI group.At 24 hours after SAH,the rabbits were injected with 0.1 mL?kg-1 of saline into cisterna magna in sham and model groups,while 0.1 mL?kg-1 of 4% magnesium sulfate was injected into cisterna magna of rabbits in MSI group.All animals were sacrificed at 48 hours after SAH.Basilar arteries and hippocampus were then removed for measurement of the cross-sectional areas of basilar arteries and the hippocampus normal neuron density of CA1 regions.RESULTS:The cross-sectional areas of basilar artery and the hippocampus normal neuron density of CA1 regions were smaller in model group than in the other two groups(P0.05).CONCLUSIONS:This study results indicate that injecting magnesium sulfate into cisterna magna can reverse the cerebral vasospasm and the following hippocampal neuron damage in rabbits with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective To estimate blood lead level of children in Jinchang city of Gansu province.Methods According to relevant request,256 children(male 133,female 123) aged 2-7 years from some kindergartens in Jinchang city were randornly selected from Oct. 2004 to Jun. 2005. Blood lead level was measured by atom-absorbing graphiteingle method.Results The average blood lead level of 256 children was(126.30?52.98)?g/L.The lowest blood lead level was 28.3 ?g/L while the highest was 268.0 ?g/L.And 160 children(62.54%) were found with a blood lead level ≥100 ?g/L(the diagnostic level of lead poisoning in children).The blood lead level became higher with the increase of children′s age,as groups aged 2-3 years group were lower than aged 5-6 years and 6-7 years groups,of which the differenes had statistical significance(P0.05).Conclusion Blood lead levels of children in Jinchang city and prevalence of lead poisoning are both relatively higher,to which enough attention shall be paid.

AIM:To investigate how to design personalized cataract surgery programs to achieve surgical correction of preoperative corneal astigmatism with surgical astigmatism under the guidance of corneal topography, improve postoperative visual quality and reduce the cost of treatment.
METHODS: Totally 202 cases ( 226 eyes ) cataract patients were divided into randomized treatment group and individualized treatment group. According to the method and location of the incision, randomized treatment group were divided into 8 groups. Surgical astigmatism after different incision were calculated with the use of preoperative and postoperative corneal astigmatism through vector analysis method. Individualized treatment groups were designed personably for surgical method with reference of every surgically induced astigmatism, the surgical method chooses the type of surgical incision based on close link between preoperative corneal astigmatism and surgically induced astigmatism, and the incision was located in the steep meridian. The postoperative corneal astigmatism of individualized treatment group was observed.
RESULTS: Postoperative corneal astigmatism of individualized treatment group were lower than that of 3.0mm clear corneal tunnel incision in the randomized treatment group, there were statistically significance difference, while with 3. 0mm sclera tunnel incision group there were no statistically significance difference. After 55. 8% of patients with the use of individualized surgical plan could undergo the operation of extracapsular cataract extraction with relatively low cost and rigid intraocular lens implantation, the per capita cost of treatment could be reduced.
CONCLUSION: Personalized cataract surgery programs are designed to achieve surgical correction of preoperative corneal astigmatism under the use of corneal topography, improve postoperative visual quality and reduce the cost of treatment.

Inferior meatal antrostomy (IMA) is a widely performed surgical technique to treat postoperative maxillary mucocele. The method is safe and easy to perform, without major complications compared with other approaches. Facial pain after IMA is a rare clinical entity that can be challenging to diagnose and treat. The authors present an unusual case of acute facial neuralgia triggered by cold air that developed after IMA. The antrostomy was located at the anterior-most part of the inferior meatus, and the inlet size was relatively large compared with the size of the remaining sinus. Surgical narrowing of the antrostomy inlet using endoscopy dramatically reduced the symptoms, and symptom relief was maintained for up to one year after surgery.
Bays ; Cartilage ; Endoscopy ; Facial Neuralgia ; Facial Pain ; Methods ; Mucocele ; Transplants

Nasal airway obstruction is one of the most frequent causes of revision rhinoplasty despite the golden rule that nasal function should not be sacrificed because of cosmetic reason. Nasal function is jeopardized due to diverse reasons including inaccurate diagnosis or inadequate surgical technique. Detailed and thorough evaluation of the nose with review of previous operative technique is necessary to find out exact causes of obstruction. Septum, middle vault, tip, nostril, and nasal mucosa are common anatomic areas of obstruction after rhinoplasty. They are often weakened, damaged, or even destroyed losing their original shape, strength, or position. Changes in these anatomic structures are strongly related to static and/or dynamic obstruction. In this article, authors reviewed the common locations, anatomic causes, and treatment strategies of nasal obstruction after rhinoplasty.
Diagnosis ; Nasal Mucosa ; Nasal Obstruction* ; Nose ; Rhinoplasty*

Objective To explore the value of color doppler ultrasonography by bed side in the early diagnosis of HIE in full term neonates.Methods The changes of cerebral parenchymal and cerebral arterial blood stream parameter on 35 cases of neonates clinically diagnosed HIE of mild and moderate degree and 40 cases of normal newborns on the 24,48 and 72 hours after birth were observed by color doppler ultrasonography by bed side.Results 1.The cerebral parenchyma was even echo in normal newborns,but it was maldistributed and reinforced in mild asphyxia neonates and it was more serious in moderate degree.The echo of cerebral parenchyma in mild degree was near normal in 48 hours after birth,while the echo of cerebral parenchyma in moderate degree was still maldistributed and reinforced in 48 and 72 hours after birth.2.There was obvious changes in the cerebral arterial blood stream parameter and hemodynamics of the asphyxia newborns compared with normals.The systolic peak velocity(Vs)and end diastolic velocity(Vd)of the cerebral arteries in mild and moderate degree were obviously lower than that of control group in 24,48 hours after birth(Pa0.05).3.Resistance index(RI)of the cerebral arteries in mild and moderate degree were higher than that of control group in 24,48 hours after birth(Pa0.05).Conclusion Color doppler ultrasonography by bed side is a convenient,noninvasive method for diagnosing HIE.