Objective To observe the effects on rabbit corneas and retinas after single intravitreal injection of voriconazole at different doses.Methods According to the randomization table,25 healthy rabbits were randomly divided into control group,and voriconazole 50,100,200,and 400 μg groups.Therefore,there were 5 rabbits in each group.The eyes of control group received intravitreal injection of 0.1 ml balanced saline solution,and those treatment groups received 0.1 ml voriconazole injection of corresponding dose.Before the injection and 1,7,and 14 days after the injection,endothelial cell counts and corneal thicknesses were measured;full-field electroretinogram were performed and b-wave amplitudes in maximal combined reaction (Max-R) were recorded.On 14 days after the injection,histologic structures were observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscope.Results There was no significant difference in endothelial cell counts (F=0.320,0.291,0.467,0.649) and corneal thicknesses (F=0.214,0.284,0.360,0.225) with those of control group at any time points (P＞0.05).Before and 1 day after the injection,b-wave amplitudes of each voriconazole group had no significant difference compared with those of control group (F=0.220,0.106;P＞0.05).On 7 days after the injection,b-wave amplitudes decreased significantly at doses of 200 μg and 400 μg (P＜0.05).On 14 days after the injection,there was no significant difference between the the amplitude of 200 μg group and that of control group (P＞ 0.05).However,the amplitude of the 400 μg group decreased continuously and there was still significant difference (P＜0.05).Light microscopy did not reveal any corneal abnormality in both control group and voriconazole groups.The retinas were normal except that of the 400 μg group,which had a thinner and degenerated inner nuclear layer and disordered photoreceptor layer.Under transmission electron microscope,there were no ultrastructure damages of corneas in both control group and voriconazole groups,either.The rabbit retinas of the 50 μg and 200 μg group have normal inner nuclear layer and photoreceptor layer,but degrees of changes in both layers were observed in the eyes of 200 μg and 400 μg group.Conclusions There is no obvious effects on rabbit corneas and retinas after single intravitreal injection of voriconazole at he dose less than or equal 100 μg.There are no obvious effects on rabbit corneas at the dose of 200 μg and 400 μg,while there are damages to the retinas in both functions and histological structures.

Objective To observe the complications in children after percutaneeus closure of atrial septal defect (ASD). Methods 192 children,who successfully received percutaneous closure of ASD in our hospital were enrolled in this study. Diameter of ASD was 8.0 ～ 33.0( 16.7± 8.0) mm, the diameter of occluder was 8.0 ～ 38.0 ( 18.9 ± 8.2) mm. The follow-up term ranges from 1 month to 4 years, with a mean of 19.0 ± 4.5 months. Standard 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG) and transthoracic echocardiography (TIE) were performed before closure, 24 including: minimal-moderate residual shunt in 3 patients ( 1.6% ), atrial-ventricle block (AVB) in 1 ( 0.5 % ), sinus There were 184 cases of single-hole ASD, with complication rate of 2.7% (5/184) , including the complication rate in diameter of siagle-hole ASD less than 10mm was 0% , that in ASD between 10 mm and 20 mm was 1.7% (2/119) ,that in ASD more than 20 mm was 5.0% (3/60) ,while there were 8 cases of two- and multi-hole ASD, clusion, including 3 cases of minimal-moderate residual shunt, 1 case of atrial-ventricle block, 1 case of sinus brady-cardia, and 1 case of device-micro-malplesition. 2 days to 2 weeks after procedure, 1 case developed pelade ( 1/192 ). completely recovered (57. 1% ), including 1 case of residul shunt, 1 case of atrial-ventricle block, sinus bradycardia and 1 case of pelade. 2 cases of minimal residual and 1 case of device-micro-malposition were not recov-ered. Conclusions Transeatheter closure of ASD is safe and effective with few complications, most of which disapp-eare completely during follow up term. Long-term follow-up is needed to evaluate the progress of some rare complica-tions.

To study the effect of steaming and baking process on contents of alkaloids in Aconite Lateralis Radix (Fuzi), 13 alkaloids were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS equipped with ESI ion source in MRM mode. In steaming process, the contents of diester-diterpenoid alkaloids decreased rapidly, the contents of monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids firstly increased, reached the peak at 40 min, and then deceased gradually. The contents of aconine alkaloids (mesaconine, aconine and hypaconine) increased all the time during processing, while the contents of fuziline, songorine, karacoline, salsolionl were stable or slightly decreased. In baking process, dynamic variations of alkaloids were different from that in the steaming process. Diester-diterpenoid alkaloids were degraded slightly slower than in steaming process. Monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids, aconine alkaloids and the total alkaloids had been destroyed at different degrees, their contents were significantly lower than the ones in steaming Fuzi at the same processing time. This experiment revealed the dynamic variations of alkaloids in the course of steaming and baking. Two processing methods which can both effectively remove the toxic ingredients and retain the active ingredients are simple and controllable, and are valuable for popularization and application.
Aconitine ; analogs & derivatives ; isolation & purification ; Aconitum ; chemistry ; Alkaloids ; isolation & purification ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; Hot Temperature ; Plant Extracts ; isolation & purification ; Steam ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Time Factors

Objective To establish a Real-time Taqman probe technique system to detect the mtDNA 1555A > G mutation in deaf population. Methods Primers and Taqman probes for mtDNA 1555A > G mutation were designed and synthesized. The technique system for detecting mtDNA 1555A > G mutation using Real-time Taqman probes was established. Then the reliability of the technique was tested in 132 patients with severe to profound hearing loss who were detected for the mtDNA 1555A > G mutation by sequencing, Kit method and Real-time Taqman probe technique at the same time. Finally, the results by the above three ways were compared. Results Thirty-two cases with mtDNA 1555A > G mutation were found by the technique of Real-time Taqman probe. These findings coincided with the results from sequencing and Kit method completely. Both the false positive rate and the false negative rate were zero. Conclusions The technique possesses the merits of accuracy, conveniency, high sensitivity, high specificity and intuitionistic results, etc. Importantly, the Real-time Taqman probe technique only needs 1.5 hours to detect the 1555A > G mutation and it saves 4. 5 hours for one reaction compared with the Kit method popularly used nowadays. The technique system of detecting mtDNA 1555A > G mutation is reliable. It's suitable for large-scale detecting and preventive diagnosis of mtDNA 1555A > G mutation.

Animals ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; physiology ; RNA, Small Interfering ; physiology ; RNA, Untranslated ; physiology

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effect of MSCT measurements in the pre- and postoperational osteal posterior cranial fossa for the adult patients of basilar invagination.Methods We reviewed the images of a cohort of 31 adult patients with basilar invagination,which were treated by surgical operation.According to the presence of atlantoaxial dislocation,the patients were divided into groups A and B.The basion-dens interval (BDI),atlanto-dental interval (ADI),space available of the spinal cord ( SAC),clivus-canal angle( CCA),Highly index( HI),and Chamberlian line(CBL) of the posterior cranial fossa were obtained in all the patients.Independent-sample Student's t test was used to compare the differences between groups A and groups B.Spearman correlations were analyzed between CT measurement data and effects of operations.ResultsIn Group A,the BDI,ADI,SAC,CCA,HI,CBL before and after surgery were 12.6 mm,8.3 mm,4.5 mm,3.3 mm;18.2 mm,20.8 mm,138.3°,150.4°,28.7 mm,43.4 mm,6.3 mm,3.3 mm respectively.There were significant differences ( t = 5.603,2.323,3.124,5.531,4.278 and 2.375,respectively,P ＜0.05 ).Preoperative JOA score in groups A was 10 points,and was 14 points after surgery.There was significant difference between the JOA scores before and after surgery ( t = 3.526,P ＜ 0.05 ).There were 7 effective cases and 4 stable cases after surgery in group A.Before and after surgery,JOA score and BDI,ADI,SAC,CCA,HI,CBL were significantly correlated( r = -0.667,- 0.673 ; - 0.571,- 0.619 ; 0.642,0.513 ; 0.525,0.558 ; 0.587,0.511 ; - 0.532,- 0.596,respectively,P＜0.05).The SAC,CCA,and CBL before and after surgery in group B were 18.3 mm,19.6 mm,146.8°,150.2°,2.7 mm,1.8 mm.The difference was statistically significant after operation ( t = 5.359,4.126,0.769,P ＜0.05).The BDI,ADI,and HI before and after surgery in group B were 7.2 mm,6.6 mm,2.4 mm,2.1 mm,39.3 mm,41.5 mm.And there were no significant differences (t = 1.482,2.374,0.153,P＞0.05).The preoperative JOA score in groups B was 11 points,and the postoperative score was 16 points.JOA scores before and after surgery were significantly different (t =2.874,P ＜0.05).There were 14 effective cases and 6 stable cases after operation in group B.The JOA score before and after surgery and BDI,ADI,and HI had no correlation (r =0.341,0.387;0.154,0.182; 0.192,0.167,P ＞0.05),and CBL,SAC and CCA were correlated (r = -0.756,-0.728;0.651,0.672; 0.726,0.695,P ＜0.05).ConclusionMSCT measurements for basilar invagination before and after surgery are helpful for understanding changes of osteal posterior fossa anatomy and comprehensive evaluation of surgical treatment.

Objective To elucidate the evaluation of therapeutic effects and surgical treatments of 45 cases of inflammatory bowel disease. Methods Clinical data of 45 cases with inflammatory bowel disease by surgical treatment in recent 6 years were retrospectively analyzed. Results Patients received emergency operation in 16 cases, Crohn' s disease in 9 cases, Ulcerative Colitis( UC) in 7 cases. Among 13 cases of Crohn' s disease, partial enterectomy occured in 6 cases, partial enterectomy and colectomy and anastomosis in 1 patient because of internal fistula, repair of ileal perforation in 1 case, laparoscopic ileocolic resection in 5 cases. Among 32 cases of UC, 25 cases underwent ileal pouch-anal anastomosis operation, 3 cases underwent ileostomy with total colectomy, and 4 cases only underwent ileostomy. Twenty- seven cases were cured by operation, 14 cases were improved and 4 cases died. Conclusion It is the key point to achieve successful operation that the corresponding operative modes for varied manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease should be adopted.

Objective To investigate the rule of the cerebral tissues aquaporin-4(AQP-4) expression in acute and chronic hepatic failure mice.To study the molecular biologic mechanism of the diffusion weighted imaging(DWI).Methods Sixty five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups randomly,including acute(n=25),chronic hepatic failure(n=25)and control group(n=15). Thioacetamide(TAA)intraperitoneal injection produces the acute and chronic hepatic failure models.All rats in groups were examined with MR DWI.We Observed the distribution of abnormal signal on DWI.The DWI single values of top and lateral cortex of parietal lobe,peripheral region of lateral ventricle in the highest hyperintensity section of brain were measured.Blood ammonia values were examined.The pathologic and immuno-histochemistry and RT-PCR examination for brain specimen were performed.All date were analyzed with statistical methods.Results The mean values of blood ammonia were significantly different (P0.05).Conclusions Increase of the blood ammonia was the main cause for the brain energy metabolic abnormality and AQP-4 mRNA and protein expression.The hyperammonemia was the key factor in the occurrence and development of the hepatic brain edema.The abnormal findings in DWI signal could reflect the range and degree of the brain edema and AQP-4 protein expression.

No abstract available.
Osteoblastoma*

Objective To investigate the mechanism of quinolone resistance in Psendomonas aeruginosa.Methods The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs)of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin with and without carbonylcyainde-m-chlorophenylhydrazone(CCCP)were determined by agar dilution method.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and DNA sequencing were used to study the mutations in quinolone resistance-determining region of gyrA and parC genes.The strains were genotyped by enterbacterial repetitive intergenie consensus-PCR(ERIC-PCR).Results Sixteen quinolones-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were obtained.The MICs of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were not reduced significantly by adding CCCP.Thr-83→Ile of gyrA and Ser-87→Leu of parC were found simultaneously in 16 strains of resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Analysis of ERIC-PCR products indicated that 16 quinolone-resistant strains had an identical band pattern which was different from that seen in the sensitive strains.Conclusion Mutations in gyrA and parC may be the main mechanism of quinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.