PURPOSE:Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common thyroid disease in children and adolescents, and also is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in children and adolescents. We studied the clinical manifestations and natural courses of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis in children and adolescents. METHODS:We analyzed retrospectively twenty one children and adolescents who were diagnosed as chronic autoimmune thyroiditis before 15 years of age. The diagnoses were made from July 1997 to February 2004 at Ajou Univesity Hospital. We reviewed the clinical manifestations and thyroid functions of these patients. RESULTS:Nineteen patients were female and two were male. The mean age at diagnosis was 9.95+/-3.1 years, the mean duration of follow up was 23.52+/-22.98 months. At diagnosis, the most common chief complaint was goiter (15 patients/21 patients) and the others were short stature, easy fatigue, cardiac murmur and weight loss. Eighteen patients had goiters at diagnosis. Four had familial history of thyroid disease, Three of them had maternal history of thyroid disease and one had paternal history of thyroid disease. At diagnosis, Seven patients were euthyroid and four patients were hyperthyroid, eighteen patients had antithyroglobulin antibody, seventeen patients had antimicrosomal antibody, fourteen patients had both of them. At last follow-up, eight patients were euthyroid and ten patients were hypothyroid, three patients were hyperthyroid. CONCLUSION: Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis in children and adolescents can have the various important influences on the metabolism including the growth. The clinical manifestations and thyroid functions should be monitored in children and adolescents with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.
Adolescent* ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Fatigue ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Goiter ; Heart Murmurs ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Male ; Metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Diseases ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune* ; Weight Loss

INTRODUCTION: The reconstructions of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) has been increasing because of increased incidence of insufficiency of the PCL and improved surgical skill Arthroscopic operation is known better than open in cruciate ligamet reconstruction in many respects. Arthroscopic PCL reconstruction, especially using hanstring tendon has some benefits. This study is retrospective study analyzing 20 patients treated by arthroscopically assisted PCL reconstruction using hamstring tendon. ALATERIAL AND METHODS: From November 1993 to June 1996, 20 patients with PCL insufficiency had heen treated by arthroscopically assisted PCL reconstruction using double-looped hamstring (semitendinosus and gracilis) tendon by first author. The isometric point was located slightly posterosuperior than anatomic attachment in femur and 0.8-1.0cm below articular margin in tibia. They were confirmed by intraoperative fluoroscopy. The remnants of intact PCL bundle and meniscofemoral ligaments were preserved and added to the graft. They were nineteen men and one women, with a mean age 31.8 years (range, 15-56 years). RESULTS: The results were as follows; 1. The patients were followed from 13 months to 44 months after operation (average 2years and 2months ). 2. Post operative neurovascular irjuries were not found. 3. No revision case was observed and second operations were made in two cases with posterolateral rotatory instability after primary reconstruction. 4. All patient has no symptom of instability after operation. S. At last follow up, Lyshohn knee scores improved from 62 preoperatively to 89 postoperati.vely on average. CONCLUSION: Arthroscopically assisted PCL reconstruction using double-looped hamstring (semitendinosus and gracilis) tendon is easier and less damage than using bone-patellar tendon-bone graft. It preserves intact meniscofemoral ligament, some intact fibers of PCL bundle and quadriceps mechanism. We think it is a effective treatment for PCL insufficiency patients."
Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Grafts ; Female ; Femur ; Fluoroscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Male ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tendons* ; Tibia ; Transplants

OBJECTIVE: Locking of the knee is usually attributed to a tear of meoiscus, or to a loose body that rnechanically obstructs the motion of joint. A less frequently recognized cause of a locked knee is a partial tear of the ACL. The purpose of this study is to report that the partial tear of,the ACL at the femoral attachment site of posterolateral bundle provided a mechanical obstruction in the knW, and it is convicted the injury mechanism of isolated ACL. MATEIRALS AND METHODS: The author presents 16 cases in which the torn ACL was observed knee locking under arthroscopy fram February 1993 to June 1996. Patients ages ranged from 22 to 54 years. The mechanism of injuries were 6 sports activity (Ski 4, Soccer 1, Badminton 1), 4 slip down, 3 pedestrian car accidents and 3 unknown causes with especially low velocity injuries. Although the chief complain in each case was knee pain, all had locking knee that, on physical examination, locked from 5 to 20 of full extension, and 4 locked full flexion. The positive Lachman test was obtained 3 of the 16 paiients. Associated intraarticular injuries were 2 tears of the medial meniscus, 1 lateral meniscus. RESULTS: The average time to arthroscopy was 3 nonths with a range of 1 month to 10 rnonths. An arthroscopic diagnosis and treatment were performed and meniscal tears were ruled out as the cause of locking in all patients. The injury mechanism of isolated ACL was the hyperextensioo of the knee with leg I/R and especially low velocity injuries. The ACL was found to have a partial tear at the site of femoral attachment of an estimated P-L bundle. The torn segment of the ACL to become interposed between the lateral femoral condyle and the latera1 tibial condyle and to act as mechanical block was demcinstrated. CONCLUSION: In all cases, the torn portion of the ACL was excised under arthroscopy and knee locking was resolved.
Arthroscopy ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee* ; Leg ; Menisci, Tibial ; Physical Examination ; Racquet Sports ; Soccer ; Sports

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Medical Technicians* ; Humans ; Military Personnel* ; Republic of Korea*

BACKGROUND: Cleaning and disinfection of fiberoptic bronchoscope requires careful attention, especially to mycobacterium species because the contamination of mycobacteria could raise confusion on diagnosis. Recently, we detected contamination of Wydex(R) solution used in bronchoscope washer with Mycobacterium chelonae. In this study, we evaluated the mycobactericidal effect of 12 kinds of disinfectants for M. chelonae. METHOD: To evaluate the bactericidal effect of Wydex(R) 2%, Cidex(R) 2.25%, Cidex(R) 3%, Bacteriokiller (BK) disinfectant, Perasafe(R), HICLO-S(R), Lamicine(R), ethanol, Instrusept(R), Virkon(R), Betadine(R), and Vipon(R) against M. chelonae, culture was performed after exposure of two M. chelonae strains (ATCC 35749, the type strain and the strain isolated from contaminated Wydex(R) solution) to each disinfectant solution. The growth of organism was examined for up to 8 weeks. RESULTS: Growth of M. chelonae (reference strain of ATCC 35749 and isolated strain) was observed after a week incubation for Wydex(R) 2%, Cidex(R) (2.25%, 3%) and control. For BK disinfectant and Perasafe(R), they grew after 2-3 weeks, and 3-4 weeks, respectively. For HICLO-S(R) and Lamicine(R), only the contaminated strain grew after two and three weeks, respectively. For ethanol, Virkon(R), Betadine(R), Vipon(R), and Instrusept(R) , growth was not observed from either strain. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of these results, Instrusept(R), virkon(R), ethanol, Betadine(R), and Vipon(R) were effective for the disinfection of M. chelonae. Especially, Instrusept(R) was thought to be useful as a disinfectant for bronchoscopes because it has advantages including non-corrosiveness, chemical stability, and non-irritativeness. And additional washing with ethanol might be effective. The finding that strain isolated from contaminated bronchoscopes was more resistant to disinfectants than reference strain suggested that the more resistant strains are selected throughout the improper disinfection.
Bronchoscopes ; Diagnosis ; Disinfectants* ; Disinfection ; Ethanol ; Mycobacterium chelonae* ; Mycobacterium*

No abstract available.
Latency Period (Psychology)* ; Osteogenesis, Distraction* ; Rabbits*

No abstract available.
Herpesvirus 3, Human* ; Korea* ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length*

To evaluate the predictive value of serum fibronectin and roll-over test for pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), we studies 79 patients between the twenty-eighth and thirty-second week of gestation from October 1995 to May 1996. The results were as follows . 1) There was no significant difference of mean diastolic pressure difference in roll-over test and serum fibronectin levels between 13 PIH patients and 66 controls. Between two groups of patients, mean diastolic blood pressure differences were 14.3+/-3.9mmHg, 12.0+/-4.4mmHg and mean serum fibronectin levels were 231.2+/-90.8 pg/ml, 196.5+/-61.2 pg/ml respectively(p> 0.1). 2) For prediction of PIH, the sensitivity, the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value of roll-over test were 8%, 14% and 83%.
Blood Pressure ; Female ; Fibronectins* ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy*

Objectives: This study examined the factors influencing the psychological problems experienced by suicide survivors to propose support measures for them. Methods: One thousand one hundred and twenty suicide survivors who participated in psychological autopsy interviews from 2015 to 2022 were examined to explore the variables affecting psychological problems (sleep problems, depression, alcohol use problems, prolonged grief, and suicidal thoughts). Results: The analysis showed that, when controlling for demographic information, the relationship with the deceased and experiencing negative changes after the loss significantly influenced the psychological problems of suicide survivors. Conclusion This study is significant in examining various psychological issues of suicide survivors. Based on the analysis results, this paper proposes interventions tailored to the demographic characteristics of suicide survivors, enhanced support for those who lost children or spouses, and interventions addressing the negative changes after bereavement.

Objectives: This study examined the characteristics of data obtained through psychological autopsy interviews by comparing them with suicide victim data from a comprehensive investigation. Methods: For analysis, the psychological autopsy interview data held by the Korea Foundation for Suicide Prevention were compared with suicide victim data from a comprehensive investigation based on the latest three years (2018–2020) by year of death. Results: The analysis showed that the information collected through psychological autopsy interviews pertained to individuals employed at the time of death and had spouses or cohabitants.Compared to the comprehensive investigation, the psychological autopsy interviews estimated a higher proportion of relationship and mental health issues as the primary causes of suicide and detected language, behavior, and emotional warning signs at a higher rate. Conclusion Despite limitations, such as estimation issues of interviewees and investigators, differences in detailed items between the two data sources, and the high proportion of unknowns in the comprehensive investigation data, this study is significant in understanding the characteristics of nationally conducted psychological autopsy data. Future continuous analysis is anticipated to contribute to the development of effective suicide prevention strategies.