No abstract available.
Dexamethasone* ; Psychotic Disorders*

Congenital mesoblastic nephroma(CMN) is an important differential diagnosis of a renal mass occurring in the newborn or in early childhood. It was first described by Bolande as a separate disease entity distinct form Wilms' tumor. In 1974, Beckwith has predicted that this tumor has a pathologic spectrum with classic congenital mesoblastic nephroma at one extreme, unequivocally mallignant spindle cell sarcomas at the other, and intermediate "gray zone" lesions of indeterminate biologic significanse. In 1986, Joshi has described "atypical mesoblastic nephroma" as a potentially aggressive variant of CMN, which shows atypical gross and microscopic features such as hemorrhage, necrosis, high cellularity, and mitotic index. We report of a case of atypical mesoblastic nephroma presenting in a 38 days-old male infant. Grossly, the tumor involved the upper and midportion of the left kidney. On section, the cut surface was fleshy, grayish-white, and homogeneous. Microscopically, the tumorshowed high degree of cellularity and arrangement of fusiform cells in sheets and vague interlacing bundles. The individual tumor cells showed fusiform to oval nuclei, indistinct scanty pale-eosinophilic cytoplasm and many mitotic figures.
Infant ; Child ; Male ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Diagnosis, Differential

Turner's syndrome results from complete or partial monosomy of the X chromosome and is characterized by hypogonadism or related other congenital anomalies in phenotypic females. In these patients, there are failure to develop normal secondary sex characteristics, amenorrhea, or short stature at puberty and the ovaries are reduced to atrophic fibrous strands devoid of ova and follicles(streak gonads). Individuals with this condition are particularly prone to the development of gonadoblastoma. For this reason, the gonads should be early removed and supplemental estrogen therapy given. We experienced a case of Turner's syndrome, 45, XO/46, XY karyotype in a 20-year-old phenotypic female complained an amenorrhea. On the exploratory laparotomy, the right gonadal mass is sevearly adhered to the adjacent organs and measures 8 x 5 x 5 cm in dimension and 75gm in weight and shows multiple foci of hemorrhage with necrosis. The left streak gonad measures 3.5 x 2 x 1.5 cm in dimension and shows multiple foci of calcification. Microscopically, the right gonadal mass reveals malignant mixed germ cell tumor, composed of endodermal sinus tumor, composed of endodermal sinus tumor with dysgerminoma and gonadoblastoma. The left streak gonad consists of mainly dense fibrous connective tissue and shows some foci of calcification associated with gonadoblastoma. On immunohistochemical and special stainings, the cytoplasm and hyalin droplets of the endodermal sinus tumor component reveal strong positivity to the a-fetoprotein and PAS. After removal of both gonads, the serum level of the a-fetoprotein is markedly down from 1742ng/ml to 2.6 ng/ml.
Female ; Humans

Purpose: To evaluate the effects and safety of needle revision with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) subconjunctival injection and digital ocular massage for the treatment of ocular hypertension phase following Ahmed valve implantation (AVI). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients who underwent needle revision with 5-FU subconjunctival injection and digital ocular massage for treatment of ocular hypertension phase. Changes in visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and the number of anti-glaucoma medications before and after the procedure were compared. The cumulative success rate of the procedure was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Success was categorized as complete when the IOP was 6-21 mmHg without medication and qualified when it was 6-21 mmHg with medication. Results: In total, 53 eyes of 53 patients were included in this study. The average time interval between AVI and the first procedure was 25 days, and 2.1 ± 0.8 procedures were performed per patient. The mean IOP before and at 48 weeks after the procedure was 24.4 ± 2.9 and 16.9 ± 3.5 mmHg, respectively. At each follow-up visit, the IOP was significantly lower than that before the procedure. At 48 weeks after the procedure, the complete and qualified success rates were 22.6%, and 81.1%, respectively. Conclusions Needle revision with 5-FU subconjunctival injection and digital ocular massage are effective and safe for the treatment of ocular hypertension phase following AVI.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects and safety of needle revision with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) subconjunctival injection and digital ocular massage for the treatment of ocular hypertension phase following Ahmed valve implantation (AVI). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients who underwent needle revision with 5-FU subconjunctival injection and digital ocular massage for treatment of ocular hypertension phase. Changes in visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and the number of anti-glaucoma medications before and after the procedure were compared. The cumulative success rate of the procedure was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Success was categorized as complete when the IOP was 6-21 mmHg without medication and qualified when it was 6-21 mmHg with medication. Results: In total, 53 eyes of 53 patients were included in this study. The average time interval between AVI and the first procedure was 25 days, and 2.1 ± 0.8 procedures were performed per patient. The mean IOP before and at 48 weeks after the procedure was 24.4 ± 2.9 and 16.9 ± 3.5 mmHg, respectively. At each follow-up visit, the IOP was significantly lower than that before the procedure. At 48 weeks after the procedure, the complete and qualified success rates were 22.6%, and 81.1%, respectively. Conclusions Needle revision with 5-FU subconjunctival injection and digital ocular massage are effective and safe for the treatment of ocular hypertension phase following AVI.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects and safety of needle revision with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) subconjunctival injection and digital ocular massage for the treatment of ocular hypertension phase following Ahmed valve implantation (AVI). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients who underwent needle revision with 5-FU subconjunctival injection and digital ocular massage for treatment of ocular hypertension phase. Changes in visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and the number of anti-glaucoma medications before and after the procedure were compared. The cumulative success rate of the procedure was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Success was categorized as complete when the IOP was 6-21 mmHg without medication and qualified when it was 6-21 mmHg with medication. Results: In total, 53 eyes of 53 patients were included in this study. The average time interval between AVI and the first procedure was 25 days, and 2.1 ± 0.8 procedures were performed per patient. The mean IOP before and at 48 weeks after the procedure was 24.4 ± 2.9 and 16.9 ± 3.5 mmHg, respectively. At each follow-up visit, the IOP was significantly lower than that before the procedure. At 48 weeks after the procedure, the complete and qualified success rates were 22.6%, and 81.1%, respectively. Conclusions Needle revision with 5-FU subconjunctival injection and digital ocular massage are effective and safe for the treatment of ocular hypertension phase following AVI.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects and safety of needle revision with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) subconjunctival injection and digital ocular massage for the treatment of ocular hypertension phase following Ahmed valve implantation (AVI). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients who underwent needle revision with 5-FU subconjunctival injection and digital ocular massage for treatment of ocular hypertension phase. Changes in visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and the number of anti-glaucoma medications before and after the procedure were compared. The cumulative success rate of the procedure was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Success was categorized as complete when the IOP was 6-21 mmHg without medication and qualified when it was 6-21 mmHg with medication. Results: In total, 53 eyes of 53 patients were included in this study. The average time interval between AVI and the first procedure was 25 days, and 2.1 ± 0.8 procedures were performed per patient. The mean IOP before and at 48 weeks after the procedure was 24.4 ± 2.9 and 16.9 ± 3.5 mmHg, respectively. At each follow-up visit, the IOP was significantly lower than that before the procedure. At 48 weeks after the procedure, the complete and qualified success rates were 22.6%, and 81.1%, respectively. Conclusions Needle revision with 5-FU subconjunctival injection and digital ocular massage are effective and safe for the treatment of ocular hypertension phase following AVI.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants. Life-threatening RSV infection is often reported in young children and immunocompromised hosts. Since there is no report on ribavirin therapy for RSV pneumonia in pediatric cancer patients in Korea, we report one case of RSV pneumonia that developed in an infant with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Despite administration of oral ribavirin and intravenous immunoglobulin, the patient's respiratory distress worsened and admission to an intensive care unit was necessary. Chest x-ray showed multifocal consolidation, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum. Treatment with aerosolized ribavirin led to significant clinical improvement. The role of aerosolized ribavirin is still controversial, but it might have a therapeutic potential for severe RSV pneumonia in children with leukemia.
Child ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Immunoglobulins ; Infant ; Intensive Care Units ; Korea ; Leukemia ; Mediastinal Emphysema ; Pneumonia ; Pneumothorax ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Ribavirin ; Thorax

Recent investigations have revealed that autocrine growth factors and their receptors are closely related and play an important role in controlling cancer cell growth. We performed an immunohistochemical study on the expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), c-erbB-2, and PCNA labelling index in 60 cases of human gastric carcinomas. TGF-alpha was detected in 38 cases (63.3%), EGF in 26 cases (43.3%), EGF-R in 44 cases (73.3%), and c-erbB-2 in 18 cases (30%). These growth factors, EGF-R and c-erbB-2, were found more often in advanced gastric cancers. The PCNA labeling index was significantly higher in tumors with the expression of EGF-R or c-erbB-2. Tumors with simultaneous expression of EGF, TGF-alpha, EGF-R and c-erbB-2 was associated with a high PCNA labeling index. A correlation was observed between the synchronous expression of growth factors and its receptors and histological differentiation. The results suggest that the expression of EGF, TGF-alpha, EGF-R and c-erbB-2 are closely related and plays an important role in the growth and progression of human gastric carcinoma.
Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Peptides* ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Transforming Growth Factor alpha

PURPOSE: To investigate the levels of radiation exposure of an operator which may be influenced by the wearing an apron, type of procedure, duration of fluoroscopy and operator's skill during various interventional procedures MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radiation doses were measured both inside and outside the apron(0.5mm lead equivalent) of the operator by a film badge monitoring method and the duration of fluoroscopy was measured in 96 procedures prospectively. The procedures were 30 transcatheter arterial embolizations (TAE), 25 percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainages (PTBD), 16 stone removals (SR), 15 percutaneous needle aspirations (PCNA) and 10 percutaneous nephrostomies(PCN). To assess the difference of exposure by the operator's skill, the procedures of TAE and PTBD were done separately by groups of staffs and residents. RESULTS: Average protective effect of the apron was 72.8%. Average radiation exposure(unit:micro Sv/procedure) was 23.3 in PTBD by residents, 10.0 in PTBD by staffs, 10.0 in SR, 8.7 in TAE by residents, 7.3 in TAE by staffs, 9.0 in PCN and 6.0 in PCNA. Average radiation exposure of residents were 1.9 times greater than those of staffs. CONCLUSION: Radiation exposure was not proportionally related to the duration of fiuoroscopy, but influenced by wearing an apron, various types o[procedure and operator's skills.
Aspirations (Psychology) ; Film Dosimetry ; Fluoroscopy ; Needles ; Pregnenolone Carbonitrile ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Prospective Studies