No abstract available.
Glomerulonephritis*

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of the patients who had cauda equina syndrome caused by a herniated lumbar disc. OBJECTIVES: To assess the clinical debates concerning the diagnosis, treatment, and results of treatment. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: This syndrome has been considered as an absolute indication of surgical treatment in the herniated lumbar disc and poor prognosis after surgery were reported. Although there are debates on the timing of surgery, early recognition early surgical treatment are recommended for a better results of treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 23 consecutive patients having a cauda equina syndrome caused by herniated lumbar disc were reviewed retrospectively. They were 14 males and 9 females having ages of 41.6 in average. The incidence of this syndrome was 3.8% of the patients who had surgical treatment of herniated lumbar disc. RESULTS: All patients had bladder dysfunction in addition to the low back pain and radicular pain in the leg, but five patient did not recognize their urinary retention which were shaded by severe leg pain. A surgical treatment were performed for all patients at 6.8 days in average after onset of the bladder dysfunction. At follow-up of 3 years and 3 months in average after surgery, 20 patients(86.9%) had satisfactory resolution of the low back pain and leg pain, and all patients had complete recovery of motor weakness except one patients who had residual foot drop. Bladder function recovered satisfactorily in 18 patients (78.3%), but 4 patients had some difficulty of urination and one patient needed a sphinterotomy for urination. CONCLUSIONS: The cauda equine syndrome in herniated lumbar disc was often not recognized early and a poor result of treatment was not rare, particularly in the patients who had acute onset and severe bladder dysfunction. So, early diagnosis and active surgical treatment are recommended for a better results of treatment.
Cauda Equina* ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leg ; Low Back Pain ; Male ; Polyradiculopathy* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Retention ; Urination

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of the patients who have a fixation failure of instrumentalion for the spinal fusion in lumbar region. OBJECTIVES: To assess the incidence and different types of the mechanical failure of fixation and to evaluate their managements and their influences on the progression of a spinal fusion and to the clinical outcomes. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Most of the spine surgeons have been experiencing the mechanical failures after instrumentations for a spinal fusion, eden though the incidence is decreasing with a modification of the implants. Reports on this problem are sporadic in conjunction with the other topics, rarely focusing on their management and their influences on the final outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 338 consecutive patients who had a lateral fusion in the lumbar region with an instrumentation of pedicle screws and rods, mostly with decompression, were reviewed to analyse the fixation failures of instrumentation after surgery. RESULTS: There were 26 patients (7.7%) who had the fixation failures of instrumentation, in terms of loosening around the pedicle screws in 18 patients (5.3%), the breakage of the pedicle screws in fide patients (1.5%), and the migration of a rod in three patients (0.9%). They were managed by prolonged use of brace and ergonomic back cares. Even with the fixation failures, 19 patients (73.1%) disclosed solid union uneventfully, but one patient had re-operation to obtain solid fusion. The final outcomes were satisfactory in 22 patients (84.6%), including four of six patients who had pseudoarthrosis. CONCLUSIONS: The fixation failure of instrumentation after a spinal fusion in lumbar region was not rare, but the progression of a spinal fusion usually quite well achieved and the final outcomes were not so bad, even with the implant failures and pseudoarthrosi s. Except for the persistently symptomatic pseudoarthrosis, only a prolonged use of brace and the ergonomic back cares are recommended for symptomatic patients.
Braces ; Decompression ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lumbosacral Region* ; Pseudarthrosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion* ; Spine

The gray vibrissae of Korean males(n =189) between 15 and 75 years old and females(n =111) between-15 and 74 years old who visited the department of otorhinolaryngology, Konkuk university Chungju hospital during 1996 to 1998, were counted for the purpose of estimating approximate age range in individuals of unknown age . The lowest age appearing gray hairs in both sexes was 15-year-old. The Pearson's correlation coefficient in both sexes was 0.490 (p<0.01). The age appearing gray vibrissae in females was slightly earlier than that of males, however, the differences between right and left sides of nasal cavity were insignificant. This method of counting gray vibrissae would be useful to estimate age range in personal identification together with other methods available until now.
Adolescent ; Aged ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Female ; Hair* ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; Otolaryngology ; Vibrissae*

Glomus tumors are maturely organized proliferations of glomus cells and vascular channels. Such tumors are rare in the stomach, and only two cases have been reported in Korea. Because specific clinical or radiologic features are not associated with the glomus tumor, it can be recognized only by histologic characteristics. Although available data are inadequate for determining the histogenesis of this tumor, it may represent a hamartoma rather than a neoplastic disease. The treatment of choice is local resection. In frozen sections, it may be misidentified as a carcinoid tumor, leading to more extensive surgery than required for cure. We report a case of a glomus tumor of the stomach in a 30-year-old female patient who was operated on, and we present a review of the literature on this subject.
Adult ; Carcinoid Tumor ; Female ; Frozen Sections ; Glomus Tumor* ; Hamartoma ; Humans ; Korea ; Stomach*

Glomus tumors are maturely organized proliferations of glomus cells and vascular channels. Such tumors are rare in the stomach, and only two cases have been reported in Korea. Because specific clinical or radiologic features are not associated with the glomus tumor, it can be recognized only by histologic characteristics. Although available data are inadequate for determining the histogenesis of this tumor, it may represent a hamartoma rather than a neoplastic disease. The treatment of choice is local resection. In frozen sections, it may be misidentified as a carcinoid tumor, leading to more extensive surgery than required for cure. We report a case of a glomus tumor of the stomach in a 30-year-old female patient who was operated on, and we present a review of the literature on this subject.
Adult ; Carcinoid Tumor ; Female ; Frozen Sections ; Glomus Tumor* ; Hamartoma ; Humans ; Korea ; Stomach*

From October 1974 to September 1984, 64 consecutive patients of bladder and urethral cancer were treated by cystectomy and urinary diversion at the Department of Urology, Pusan National University Hospital. Comparative study was made between enteric diversion and ureterocutaneostomy, and several surgical mo. dality of cystectomy. The results obtained were as follows. l. The modes of cystectomy were simple cystectomy in 5 cases (7.8%), total cystectomy in 48 cases (75.0%), radical cystectomy in 10 cases (15.6%) and pelvic exenteration in 1 cases (1.6%). 2. The causes of cystectomy with urinary diversion were primary bladder cancer in 60 cases (93.8%), urethral carcinoma in 2 cases (3.1%) and metastatic bladder cancer in 2 cases (3.1%). 3. The methods of urinary. diversion were ileal conduit in 38 cases (59.4%) , ileocecal conduit in 5 cases (7.8%), tube in double stoma ureterocutaneostomy in 7 cases (10.9%) and tubeless single stoma ureterocutaneostomy in 14 cases (21.9%). 4. Age distribution was from 4 to 79 years and average was 56.3 years. Male to female ratio was 7:l. 5. Most frequent urinary diversion was enteric in 6th decade and ureterocutaneostomy in 7th decade. 6. Average operation time was 360 minutes in enteric diversion with total cystectomy and 272 minutes in ureterocutaneostomy with total cystectomy. 7. High stage (>=pT2) was 76.5% in enteric diversion and 81.O% in ureterocutaneostomy. High grade (II or III) was 67.6% in enteric diversion and 81.0% in ureterocutaneostomy. 8. Early complication rates were 50.0% in ileal conduit, 60.0% in ileocecal conduit, 42.9% in tube in double stoma ureterocutaneostomy, and 35.7% in tubeless single stoma ureterocutaneostomy. Late complication rates were 52.4% in ileal couuit, 40.0% ileocecal conduit and 33.3% in tubeless single stoma ureterocutaneostomy. 9. Local recurrence of tumor was observed in 80.0% of simple cystectomy cases but recurrence was not in total or radical cystectomy. Conclusively, total or radical cystectomy is treatment of choice in invasive bladder tumor rather than simple cystectomy. And single stoma ureterocutaneostomy may be useful method of urinary diversion inhigh stage, high grade, aged and poor risk patient if stomal control is male carefully.
Age Distribution ; Busan ; Cystectomy* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pelvic Exenteration ; Recurrence ; Urethral Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Diversion* ; Urology

Crossed renal ectopia with fusion is an unusual congenital anomaly, probably produced by abnormal development of the ureteral bud. The deformity itself produces no symptoms but it presents possible urinary tract infection, obstuction and stone formation, and other anomaly in body. Herein we report two cases of crossed fused renal ectopia complained of abdominal mass in 28 year old female and abdominal pain after trauma in 14 year-old boy.
Abdominal Pain ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Ureter ; Urinary Tract Infections

Gastric lipomas are rare benign submucosal tumors which can present the diagnostic and therapeutic problems. The preferred treattment is observation or local excision. Since preoperative diagnosis and differentation from malignant tumors can be difficult by use of the conventional diagnostic modalities such as X-ray or endoscopic examination, patients are sometimes subjected to more extensive surgical procedures than warranted. As to the diagnosis of submucosal tumors of the upper digestive tract, a newly developed diagnostic modality of endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) allows us to visuialize the structures underlying the gastrointestinal wall in a noninvasive maneuver, and can contribute to make differential diagnosis and decision of management. Strip biopsy is an endascopic tissue resection technique which permits resection of both mucosal and submucosal tissue regardless of the morphological type of the lesion, because the submucosal saline injections during the procedures make the flat or depressed lesions to be elevated. Now, we report a 56-yr-old female which had a Yamada type I polypoid gastric submucosal lipoma in the antrum, which could be performed the different diagnosis and successful endoscopic removal by endoscopic ultrasonography and strip biopsy.
Biopsy* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endosonography ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Lipoma*

A new method for combining ultrasonography snd endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), was developed to improve the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound by direct image of the target lesion via the gastrointestinal lumen. EUS has the unique ability to provide clear sonographic images of the wall structure of the stomach. This capability can be ultilized in assessing the depth of cancer invasion of the stomach by identifying which layer the ultrasonographic change extends to. However, the depressed types of early gastric cancer(EGC) are often accompanied by ulcerative change in the tumor foci. And the ultrasonographic picture is also influenced by the ulcerative change. (continue...)
Endoscopy ; Endosonography* ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Ulcer ; Ultrasonography