No abstract available.
Humans

High Mobility Group I(HMG-I) proteins are nuclear proteins that are required for induction of the human IFN-beta gene by virus and for the regulation of the tumor necrosis-beta factor and rRNA genes. Proteins I and Y result from alternative splicing of a single functional gene named HMGI(Y). In several studies, elevated expressions of the HMGI proteins (HMGI, HMGY, and HMGI-C) have been used as markers in thyroid cancer, but not in adenomas, goiters, and normal thyroid tissues and cells. Here, we try to demonstrate the elevated expression of the HMGI(Y) proteins in thyroid carcinomas by using semi-quantified RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription and Polymerase Chain Reaction). In cases of thyroid carcinomas 4 of 5(80%) were positive, in 10 cases of adenomas, goiters, and normal thyroid tissues, 1(10%) was positive. These results suggest that the semi-quantified RT-PCR is useful preoperative diagnostic tool for differentiating thyroid tumors.
Adenoma ; Alternative Splicing ; Genes, rRNA ; Goiter ; HMGA1a Protein ; Humans ; Nuclear Proteins ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms*

OBJECTIVE: Thyroid nodule is frequent and occurs in about 5+ACU- of the general population. In contrast, thyroid cancer is much less frequent and occurs in about 5-10+ACU- of thyroid nodules. Distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions is an important task that is best accomplished by fine needle aspiration. Recently, Chiappetta et al. reported that the expression of the high mobility group (HMG) I(Y) proteins correlates with the malignant phenotype of human thyroid neoplasia, and suggested that the detection of the HMG I(Y) proteins might be a valid tool for an easy and sensitive discrimination assay between benign and malignant neoplastic thyroid disease. METHODS: We evaluated the expression of the HMG I(Y) mRNA in 39 frozen thyroid tissues from patients with thyroid nodule by semiquantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: The expression of the HMG I(Y) mRNA was low in all of 10 normal thyroid tissues. In all of 3 adenomatous goiters, 6 follicular adenomas and 2 Hurthle cell adenomas, the HMG I(Y) mRNA expression level was low. In 11 of 13 papillary carcinomas and all of 5 follicular carcinomas, the HMG I(Y) mRNA expression level was high. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that there is a correlation between the expression of HMG I(Y) and the malignant phenotype of thyroid cancer, suggesting that these proteins may be useful as a marker in thyroid cancer.
Biopsy, Needle ; Comparative Study ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; High Mobility Group Proteins/analysis+ACo- ; Human ; Male ; Probability ; RNA, Messenger/analysis+ACo- ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics+ACo- ; Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis+ACo- ; Thyroid Nodule/genetics+ACo- ; Thyroid Nodule/diagnosis+ACo- ; Tumor Markers, Biological/analysis+ACo-

Adenomyoepithelioma is a rare benign tumor which occurs mainly in the skin, salivary gland and very rarely in the breast, in case of malignant adenomyoepithelioma of the breast is a rare lesion characterized by malignant proliferation of epithelial and myoepithelial cells that show characteristic histology and immunohistochemical features. We report two cases of adenomyoepithelioma, one was benign occuring in the outer upper quadrant of the right breast (48-year-old female), and the other was malignant adenomyoepithelioma occuring in the peri-areolar of the left breast (46-years-old female). We confirmed with both H&E stain and immunohistochemistry. We report benign and malignant adenomyoepithelioma of the breast occurred in middle aged women.
Adenomyoepithelioma* ; Breast* ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Middle Aged ; Salivary Glands ; Skin

PURPOSE: To evaluated the effectiveness of abdominal ultrasonography as the initial diagnostic method in blunt renal trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was undertaken to compare computerized tomography with abdominal ultrasonography in radiographic staging of blunt renal trauma(Renal Injury scale grade I-V by Moor) except vascular injury. During 3-years period(May 1994 to March 1997), emergency computerized tomography was performed in 66 patients with blunt renal trauma, simultaneously 34 patients among 66 patient were scanned by abdominal ultrasonography. RESULTS: Gross hematuria were present 48% of renal trauma cases. The degree of hematuria showed not correlation with the severity of renal injury(p-value=0.213, by Chi-square test). In diagnostic agreement of abdominal ultrasonography compared to computerized tomography, the diagnostic agreement of minor renal injury(x=0.544, by k2 statistics) was higher than that of major renal injury(r=0.375, by k2 statistics). The overall diagnostic agreement of abdominal ultrasonography in detecting adjacent organ injury was 0.321 (k value). CONCLUSIONS: In ultrasonography imaging, we concluded that minor blunt rectal trauma is not necessary other radiologic evaluation, but major blunt renal trauma should be evaluated by computerized tomography for proper diagnosis of combined injury and diagnostic staging of renal trauma. Renal trauma associated Intraabdominal injury should undergo with ultrasonography-guided paracentesis. Based under result of our study, we suggest the use of abdominal ultrasonography as the initial diagnostic method in blunt renal trauma compatible for prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Paracentesis ; Ultrasonography* ; Vascular System Injuries

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spectrum of MR characteristics of cystic acoustic neurinomas and to correlate with pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the MR findings of 12 patients with cystic acoustic neurinomas. The signal intensity and enhancement pattern of the cystic components as well as the location relative to the tumors were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 30 cysts were found in 15 acoustic neurinomas;28 were intratumoral cysts and the remaining two were extratumoral cysts. The signal intensity of all 28 intratumoral cysts was higher than that of CSF on Tl-weighted images, and isointense to CSF on T2-weighted images, while the signal intensity of the two extratumoral cysts was same as CSF on both Tl-weighted and T2-weighted images. Rim enhancement was seen in 27 of 28 intratumoral cysts but in none of the two extratumoral cysts. CONCLUSION: We concluded that intratumoral cyst was due to tumoral necrosis, hemorrhage or degenerative change and extratumoral cyst due to secondary arachnoid cyst formation.
Acoustics* ; Arachnoid ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Neuroma, Acoustic* ; Retrospective Studies

Thyroid hemiagenesis is a development failure of one of the thyroid lobes, predominantly in females with a left lobe. The associated disease in the remaining thyroid lobe include benign adenoma, multinodular goiter, hyperthyroidism, chronic thyroiditis, and carcinoma etc. We report a very rare case of thyroid hemiagesesis with hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, and ectopic thymus. A 43-year-old female presented with hyperthyoidism and thyroid nodule. Thyroid scan with 99mTcO4 revealed cold nodule in left lobe with absent right lobe. The patient underwent thyroid exploration. Because nodule in the remaining thyroid lobe proved to be a thyroid cancer on frozen biopsy, total thyroidectomy was performed. There was a thyroid-like tissue at the right side (scan 'absent' side) and removed. Pathology confirmed that the removed tissue from right side was thymus. There has been no report in world literatures of such case; in one patient, thyroid hemiagenesis, hyperthyroidism, thyroid carcinoma, and ectopic thymus coexists. We report the case and review the literature on thyroid hemiagenesis and ectopic thymus.
Adenoma ; Adult ; Biopsy ; Female ; Goiter ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism* ; Pathology ; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m ; Thymus Gland* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Thyroid Nodule ; Thyroidectomy ; Thyroiditis

Spinal epidural abscesses were evaluated using Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 19 surgically and clinically confirmed cases, including 13 with tuberculous spondylitis and 6 with pyogenic spondylitis. We observed rim enhancement patterns in 10 patients and diffuse enhancement patterns in 9 patients. The spread patterns were localized to ventral or dorsal epidural space and encircled entire epidural space. We conclude that rim enhancement indicates abscess and diffuse enhancement indicates granulation tissue and fibrosis. Tuberculous epidural abscess spreads to ventral epidural space and pyogenic epidural abscess encircles entire epidural space.
Abscess ; Epidural Abscess* ; Epidural Space ; Fibrosis ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Spondylitis

Granulosa cell tumors are uncommon neoplasm of ovary that are characterized by their long natural history and for their tendency to recur years after an aparrent clinical cure. Endometrial cancer occurs in association with these tumor in at least 5% of cases and 25%-50% are associated with endometrial hyperplasia. In this study, we present a case of granulosa cell tumor of right ovary with endometrial cancer after left oophrectomy.
Endometrial Hyperplasia ; Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female ; Granulosa Cell Tumor* ; Granulosa Cells* ; Natural History ; Ovary*

PURPOSE: The precise mechanisms of tumorigenesis of breast cancer remains unknown in spite of major efforts. Recent studies have shown that High Mobility Group I (Y) Proteins [HMGI(Y)] have an important role in the regulation of chromatin structure and function, and that HMGI(Y) protein expression is generally correlated with a malignant phenotype. This study was undertaken to define the relationship of the HMGI(Y) protein expression between malignant breast tissue and non-malignant breast tissue in human, and clinico- pathologic findings were reviewed for this purpose. METHODS: Using Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) for HMGI(Y) with beta-actin, this study demonstrated the expression of HMGI(Y). The p53, ER, and PR. were defined by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: The HMGI(Y) expression was increased in the malignant tissue (90%), than in benign (76.9%) or normal (65%) tissue (p=0.031). As for the invasive ductal cancers, there was no difference between the HMGI(Y) expression and histopathologic parameters. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the HMGI(Y) expression may be of little pathogenetic prognostic importance in human breast cancer.
Actins ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Carcinogenesis ; Chromatin ; Humans* ; Phenotype