No abstract available.
Humans ; Mitral Valve* ; Tricuspid Valve*

BACKGROUND: It is one of anesthesiologist's important tasks to know the accurate recovery state of a patient after general anesthesia. Postanesthetic recovery score (PARS) has been widely used as a measure of evaluating recovery state because it is simple, easy to apply and applicapable to all situations. In this study, we investigated whether there were correlations between PARS and PAR-stay time, and examined factors influencing PAR-stay time. METHODS: Two hundreds and five patients were selected randomly. PARS was measured in each patient immediately after he or she arrived at PAR. Correlations between PARS and PAR-stay time were studied. And other variables such as age, sex, physical status, operation site and anesthetic time were studied as influencing factors on PAR-stay time. RESULTS: There were no significant correlations between PARS and PAR-stay time. PARS was influenced by the operation site only. And PAR-stay time was influenced by the patient's age only. CONCLUSIONS: In evaluating the postanesthetic recovery state, it seems to be important to consider not only PARS but also other factors such as patient's age.
Anesthesia, General ; Humans ; Recovery Room*

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the prevalence rate of tbe concomitant; atopic diseases in the patients with allergic rhinitis and, concurrently, the incidence of the atopic diseases in the families of the patients. A total of 40 patients who were referred to the department of dermatology, Kang Nam St. Marys Hospital, for the confirmative examinations of allergic srhiniti were taken for this study. The results were as follows, 1. The prevalence rate of concomitant atopic dermatitis in the sample patients was 22.5% and that of concomitant bronchial asthma was 12. 5% The prevalence rate of concomitancy with both diseases was 2.5% and that of concomitancy with atopic dermatitis and/or bronchial asthma was 37.5%. 2. The frequency of the associated manifestations, in descending order, was allergic conjunctivitis (30%), urticaria or angioedema (25%), insect sting (22.5%), oral symptoms (5%), migrane or headache (5%), immediate drug reactions (2.5%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (2.5%).
Angioedema ; Asthma ; Conjunctivitis, Allergic ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Dermatology ; Headache ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insect Bites and Stings ; Prevalence ; Rhinitis* ; Urticaria

Parenteral reserpine was given intramuscularly to 32 hospitalized hypertensive patients: 10 hypertensive patients without renal insufficiency, 3 hypertensive patients with heart failure, 10 hypertensive patients of malignant phase or with uremia, and 9 hypertensive patients with cerebrovascular accident. Follwoings were the result. 1. In the majority of patients, the effective dose of reserpine was 2 to 3 mg. 2. Reserpine given intramuscularly lowered blood pressure in 2 to 4 hours, had its maximum effect in 3 to 6 hours and had a duration of 3 to more than 24 hours (average 9 hours). 3. When effective dose of reserpine was given, blood pressure was lowered significantly (more than 30mmHg in mean blood pressure) in 18 patients (81.7%) of 22 hypertensive patients without renal insufficiency, and in 4 patients (40%) of 10 hypertensive patients with renal insufficiency. 4. Major side effect was drowsiness which was more evident in the patients with renal insufficiency. 5. Reserpine administered parenterally is an effective and safe agent for the treatment of hypertensive emergencies on a short term basis especially in the patient without renal insufficiency.
Blood Pressure ; Emergencies ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Renal Insufficiency ; Reserpine* ; Sleep Stages ; Stroke ; Uremia

Pancreatic cancer, although an uncommon tumor, is one of the most lethal tumors. The incidence of pancreatic cancer in Korea has increased over the past 15 years, with about 3, 000 cases annually. It appears to correlate with increasing age, and it is slightly more common among men. Because of high mortality rate, pancreatic cancer now rank fourth as a cause of death from cancer in Korea. Some diseases and medical conditions such as diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, as well as environmental and lifestyle risk factors, and occupational and genetic conditions. may play important role in the etiology of pancreatic cancer. The most consistently identified environmental risk factor is smoking, but there is less certainty concerning dietary factors. Studies have suggested a positive association with high energy intake, cholesterol and meat, while vegetable and fruit intakes are probably protective. Patients with chronic pancreatitis and new onset of diabetes mellitus have a low but increasing risk of having or developing pancreatic cancer. A family history of pancreatic cancer is an important risk factor, but only a small proportion can be linked with known familial cancer syndromes. Until the development of new methods for early diagnosis and better modalities for therapeutic intervention, primary prevention is the most effective approach to reduce the incidence of pancreatic cancer.
Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal ; Cause of Death ; Cholesterol ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Early Diagnosis ; Energy Intake ; Epidemiology* ; Fruit ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Life Style ; Male ; Meat ; Mortality ; Pancreatic Neoplasms* ; Pancreatitis, Chronic ; Primary Prevention ; Risk Factors* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Vegetables

Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas is a rare tumor that affects young females with low malignant potential and good prognosis with more than 90% survival at 5 years. Metastasis is very rare. We report the case of a 74-year-old female who had pancreatic solid-pseudopapillary tumor and synchronous hepatic metastasis.
Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Prognosis

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the status of infection control during influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was conducted in November 2009 at the 100 hospitals designated by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) as influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009-treatment institutions. RESULTS: In 32.3% of the hospitals, the ventilation system of the influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009 isolation ward was separated from the hospital's ventilation system. With regard to wearing personal protective equipment while caring for patients with H1N1 infection, during usual patient contact, masks were always worn by all medical staff at all the hospitals; however, medical staff at 38.7% and 51.6% of the hospitals did not wear gloves and gowns, respectively. During aerosol-generating procedures, some medical staff wore surgical masks, whereas medical staff at 10% and 23.3% of the hospitals did not wear gowns and protective goggles, respectively. In all, 64.5% of the hospitals responded that the contents of the guidelines established by the KCDC were insufficient for reference purposes in actual practice. CONCLUSION: Some of influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009-treatment institutions are believed to be inadequate in facilities, infection control during patient treatment, and administrative measures among their efforts to prevent transmission in hospital. In preparation against the outbreak of similar diseases in the future, the government needs to establish guidelines highly applicable by medical staff, to secure exclusive spaces and personnel for treating infectious disease patients, and to develop personal protective gear support and management systems.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Communicable Diseases ; Delivery of Health Care ; Eye Protective Devices ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Influenza, Human ; Korea ; Masks ; Medical Staff ; Pandemics ; Ventilation ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Simple clavicle shaft fracture typically achieves satisfactory union after treatment and does not result in complication with conservative treatment. Non-union or malunion can occur in displaced clavicle fractures or comminuted shaft fractures. Treatment of displaced comminuted clavicle shaft fractures is performed by holding together the free fragments with interfragmentary screws or wires and fixing them to the clavicle with a plate. Therefore, we performed interfragmentary fixation using open reduction and internal fixation with bioresorbable screws (Mg-Ca alloy, Resomet Bioresorbable bone screw; U&I Corp.) and bioresorbable wires (Mg-Ca alloy, Resomet Bioresorbable K-wire and pin, U&I Corp.) for displaced comminuted clavicle fractures (Robinson type 2B) and additionally used a metal plate. We expected decreased irritation and infection due to absorption after surgery. We report four cases that were treated in this way.

Sulfasalazine, one of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, is widely used in various rheumatic diseases. Very rarely, sulfasalazine causes drug-associated hypersensitivity syndrome that resembles infectious mononucleosis. Clinical signs include fever, lymphadenopathy, maculopapular skin rash and multivisceral involvement which appear 2 to 5 weeks after administration of drug. Atypical lymphocytosis, liver dysfunction and splenomegaly are also frequently observed. Severe infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome in sulfasalazine treated patients can be caused by reactivation of viruses such as human herpes virus-6, that often result in hypersensitivity syndrome. We report a case of patient who developed infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome after administration of sulfasalazine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. This case warrents careful observation for infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome after sulfasalazine treatment.
Antirheumatic Agents ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Exanthema ; Fever ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Infectious Mononucleosis ; Liver Diseases ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphocytosis ; Rheumatic Diseases ; Splenomegaly ; Sulfasalazine*

BACKGROUND: The focus of this study is the effects of thiopental sodium, etomidate and propofol on systemic vascular resistance and venous capacitance during cardiopulmonary bypass with constant pump flow. METHODS: Thirty patients (ASA III) scheduled for open heart surgery were randomly divided into three groups. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental sodium 5 mg/kg, fentanyl 5 microgram/kg and vecuronium 1 mg/kg. CPB was conduced with a membrane oxygenator using non-pulsatile flow and moderate hypothermia. When rectal temperature and pump flow had been stable for 5 min, patients randomly received thiopental sodium 4 mg/kg, etomidate 0.3 mg/kg and propofol 2 mg/kg. Perfusion pressure and pump flow were measured 0, 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 min after administration. RESULTS: The systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) decreased to 84.3% of the control values after thiopental sodium 4 mg/kg, to 74.7% of the control after etomidate 0.3 mg/kg and to 79.8% of the control after propofol 2 mg/kg. SVRI returned to control value levels 3 min after the administration of thiopental sodium, 20 min after etomidate, and 5 min after propofol. Thiopental sodium, etomidate and propofol reduced venous reservoir volume 1 min after injection and the reduction was sustained throughout the all period of the cardiopulmonary bypass. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that thiopental sodium, etomidate and propofol dilate both resistance and capacitance vessels, but there was no correlation between the two vessels.
Anesthesia ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass* ; Etomidate* ; Fentanyl ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; Oxygenators, Membrane ; Perfusion ; Propofol* ; Thiopental* ; Thoracic Surgery ; Vascular Access Devices ; Vascular Resistance* ; Vecuronium Bromide