No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Naloxone* ; Self-Injurious Behavior*

Rhabdomyosarcoma which was first described by Weber has generally been considered asan uncommon tumor. Pack and Eberhart were of the opinion that rhabdomyosarcoma represented 13.9 percent of soft tissue sarcomata. Recently it was classified as four types such as pleomorphic, embryonal, botryoid and alveolar type by many authors. We have experienced two cases of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, one arised within left leg and the other within right foot. The former(3 months old, female) showed tumor mass at birth, the latter(13 months old, male) showed at 1 month after birth.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Foot ; Leg ; Parturition ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal

No abstract available.
Animals ; Horns* ; Knee ; Menisci, Tibial*

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to define the Korean norm values for the Ricketts analysis. METHODS: In this longitudinal study, lateral cephalograms of 31 subjects with normal occlusion were taken biennially from ages 9-19 years. Cephalometric measurements were performed. Parameters for which the 10-year change did not exceed one standard deviation were defined as unchanged. The means and standard deviations for the measured parameters were determined for each age group. RESULTS: No significant changes in growth were observed in the molar relationship, incisor overjet, incisor overbite, mandibular incisor extrusion, interincisor angle, lower incisor tip (B1) to A point-Pogonion (A-PO) plane, upper incisor tip (A1) to A-PO plane, B1 inclination to A-PO, A1 inclination to A-PO, B1 inclination to Frankfurt plane (FH), convexity, lower facial height, facial axis, maxillary depth, maxillary height, palatal plane to FH, cranial deflection, ramus Xi position, or porion location. Continual changes over the 10 years of growth were observed in the maxillary first molar distal position to pterygoid true vertical plane, facial depth, mandibular plane to FH, anterior cranial length, mandibular arc, and corpus length. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians can apply the Korean norms at age 9 as determined in this study when using the Ricketts analysis. The patient's age at the beginning of treatment and their sex should be taken into consideration when drawing visual treatment objectives.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Growth and Development ; Humans ; Incisor ; Longitudinal Studies ; Molar ; Overbite

No abstract available.
Durapatite* ; Dust* ; Rabbits* ; Transplants*

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is an inborn error of purine metabolism resulting from hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) deficiency and leading to excess purine production and uric acid over-production. It is a very rare X-linked recessive disorder, characterized by movement disorder, cognitive deficits, and self-injurious behavior. However, because of the high incidence of calculi, patients may present for surgery of urinary tract, and have increased risk of difficult intubation, aspiration pneumonia, renal insufficiency or sudden death. We report the case of a 5-year-old boy with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome who underwent successive extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy under general anesthesia.
Anesthesia, General ; Calculi ; Child ; Death, Sudden ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intubation ; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome ; Lithotripsy ; Movement Disorders ; Pneumonia, Aspiration ; Preschool Child ; Purines ; Renal Insufficiency ; Self-Injurious Behavior ; Uric Acid ; Urinary Tract

Verrucous carcinoma of the larynx is a distinct and uncommon variant of well-differentiated squamous cell-carcinoma. The authors hybridized in situ a case of laryngeal verrucous carcinoma with DNA prebes to humman papillomavirus (HPV) 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33 and 35. The DNAs from the verrucous carcinoma of larynx hybridized with mixed DNA probes HPV-16/18 and 31/33/35. In addition, there was an evidence of HPV infection based on hybridization with mixed DNA probe HPV-6/11 in the adjacent papilloma tissue. By in situ DNA hybridization techniques, we clearly demonstrated human papillomavirus (HPV-16/18, and 31/33/35) related sequences in this neoplasm. These findings suggest the role of HPV-6/11 in the development of laryngeal papilloma ad HPV-16/18 and 31/33/35 probably on the progression to verrucous carcinoma.
Humans

PURPOSE:To describe the features of displaced bucket-handle tears of the menisci on magnetic resonance (MR) images and to assess associated knee injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed coronal and sagittal MR images in 21 bucket-handle tears. The subjects were patients who had underwent preoperative MR evaluations of the knee and were identified from the arthroscopic surgical records as bucket-handle tear. We also described patterns of associated injuries. RESULTS:On coronal MR images, (a) in all cases, peripheral portion of the meniscus(bucket) had the appearance of a truncated or altered wedge;(b) central fragments(handle) were observed to be sitting in the intercondylar notch(16 cases) or located between the fernoral condyle and tibial plateau (5 cases). On sequential sagittal MR images, (c) the bow-tie appearance of the body of the meniscus was not seen (13 cases);(d) the bow-tie appearance of the displaced inner fragment was seen at the intercondylar notch level (9 cases);(e) "double posterior cruciate ligament" sign was presented (7 cases). Associated joint abnormalities included anterior cruciate ligament tears(l 1), contralateral meniscal tears(l 1), posterior cruciate ligament tears(3), medial collateral ligament tears(3), osteoarthritis(1), and Baker's cyst(l). CONCLUSION:Awareness of these characteristic MR findings(a-e) may increase the sensitivity of MR imaging in the diagnosis of displaced bucket-handle tears, and the MRI may be helpful to correctly characterize the displaced fragment and patterns of associated injury, providing arthroscopists a guide to appropriate surgical plans.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Collateral Ligaments ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Injuries ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to investigate the variables besides symptom that influence the family burden in the primary caregivers of remitted schizophrenic outpatients, and to evaluate the impact of changeable or unchangeable variables by clinical practice on the family burden. METHODS: A total 105 remitted schizophrenic outpatients and 105 their primary caregivers were participated in the psychiatric outpatient clinic of the university hospital. Socio-demographic characteristics (age, sex, education, income, marital status, religion), clinical variables (duration of illness, age of onset), patients' symptom (korean version of the positive and negative syndrome scale), patients' social function (korean version of the social functioning scale), patients' insight (self-appraisal of illness questionnaire), patients' attitude toward medication (drug attitude inventory), family perceived social support (multidimensional scale of perceived social support), family attitude toward patient (family attitude scale) were gathered from subjects. RESULTS: Total score of family burden scale (0–144) of the primary caregivers of remitted schizophrenic outpatients was 71.3 (SD 20.7) and mean score per item was 1.9. Unchangeable six variables by clinical practice (relation with patient, patients' education, age of onset, duration of illness, parent age, parent income) explain 17%, and changeable four variables (family attitude toward patient, family perceived social support, patients' social function, patients' insight) explain 72% of family burden. Four areas such as interpersonal communication, independence-performance, independence-competence, occupation/ employment explain family burden significantly in the seven areas of the social functioning scale. CONCLUSION: Primary caregivers of remitted schizophrenic outpatients feel burden considerably even though their ill relatives show few psychiatric symptoms. Changeable variables by clinical practice were more explanation than unchangeable variables on the family burden.
Age of Onset ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Caregivers* ; Education ; Employment ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Outpatients* ; Parents ; Schizophrenia

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to investigate the variables besides symptom that influence the family burden in the primary caregivers of remitted schizophrenic outpatients, and to evaluate the impact of changeable or unchangeable variables by clinical practice on the family burden. METHODS: A total 105 remitted schizophrenic outpatients and 105 their primary caregivers were participated in the psychiatric outpatient clinic of the university hospital. Socio-demographic characteristics (age, sex, education, income, marital status, religion), clinical variables (duration of illness, age of onset), patients' symptom (korean version of the positive and negative syndrome scale), patients' social function (korean version of the social functioning scale), patients' insight (self-appraisal of illness questionnaire), patients' attitude toward medication (drug attitude inventory), family perceived social support (multidimensional scale of perceived social support), family attitude toward patient (family attitude scale) were gathered from subjects. RESULTS: Total score of family burden scale (0–144) of the primary caregivers of remitted schizophrenic outpatients was 71.3 (SD 20.7) and mean score per item was 1.9. Unchangeable six variables by clinical practice (relation with patient, patients' education, age of onset, duration of illness, parent age, parent income) explain 17%, and changeable four variables (family attitude toward patient, family perceived social support, patients' social function, patients' insight) explain 72% of family burden. Four areas such as interpersonal communication, independence-performance, independence-competence, occupation/ employment explain family burden significantly in the seven areas of the social functioning scale. CONCLUSION: Primary caregivers of remitted schizophrenic outpatients feel burden considerably even though their ill relatives show few psychiatric symptoms. Changeable variables by clinical practice were more explanation than unchangeable variables on the family burden.
Age of Onset ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Caregivers* ; Education ; Employment ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Outpatients* ; Parents ; Schizophrenia