To investigate the immunohistochemical expression of mutated p53 protein and bcl-2 protein in the cutaneous melanocytic lesion, 15 cases of compound nevus, 10 cases of congenital melanocytic nevus, 15 cases of primary malignant melanoma(4 cases less than 1.5 mm thick and 11 cases more than 1.5 mm thick), and 10 cases of metastatic malignant melanoma(7 cases in lymph node and 3 cases in soft tissue) were examined. All cases of compound nevi and of congenital melanocytic nevi showed no immunoreactivity for p53 protein. p53 protein overexpression was observed in 75%(3/4) wth primary malignant melanoma less than 1.5 mm thick, 81%(9/11) with primary malignant melanoma more than 1.5 mm thick, and 100%(10/10) with metastatic malignant melanoma. The difference in p53 protein overexpression was statistically significant between benign nevi and malignant melanoma(p<0.01). Bcl-2 protein expression was observed in 73%(11/15) with compound nevus, 70%(7/10) with congenital melanocytic nevus, 75% (3/4) in primary malignant melanoma less than 1.5 mm thick, 54%(6/11) with primary malignant melanoma more than 1.5 mm thick, and 40%(4/10) with metastatic malignant melanoma. These findings suggested that mutation of p53 gene may be an important mechanism in the development of malignant melanoma. Although bcl-2 protein was expressed in cutaneous melanocytic lesion, no correlation was found between p53 protein and bcl-2 protein expression in malignant melanoma.
Genes, p53 ; Lymph Nodes ; Melanoma ; Nevus ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Skin*

To investigate the immunohistochemical expression of mutated p53 protein and bcl-2 protein in the cutaneous melanocytic lesion, 15 cases of compound nevus, 10 cases of congenital melanocytic nevus, 15 cases of primary malignant melanoma(4 cases less than 1.5 mm thick and 11 cases more than 1.5 mm thick), and 10 cases of metastatic malignant melanoma(7 cases in lymph node and 3 cases in soft tissue) were examined. All cases of compound nevi and of congenital melanocytic nevi showed no immunoreactivity for p53 protein. p53 protein overexpression was observed in 75%(3/4) wth primary malignant melanoma less than 1.5 mm thick, 81%(9/11) with primary malignant melanoma more than 1.5 mm thick, and 100%(10/10) with metastatic malignant melanoma. The difference in p53 protein overexpression was statistically significant between benign nevi and malignant melanoma(p<0.01). Bcl-2 protein expression was observed in 73%(11/15) with compound nevus, 70%(7/10) with congenital melanocytic nevus, 75% (3/4) in primary malignant melanoma less than 1.5 mm thick, 54%(6/11) with primary malignant melanoma more than 1.5 mm thick, and 40%(4/10) with metastatic malignant melanoma. These findings suggested that mutation of p53 gene may be an important mechanism in the development of malignant melanoma. Although bcl-2 protein was expressed in cutaneous melanocytic lesion, no correlation was found between p53 protein and bcl-2 protein expression in malignant melanoma.
Genes, p53 ; Lymph Nodes ; Melanoma ; Nevus ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Skin*

No abstract available.

It is well known that anatomic variations affecting the ostiomeatal unit (OMU) become one of the causes of mucosal abnormalities of paranasal sinuses (PNS). Findings of coronal plane CT scans of PNS were analyzed in 95 patients with sinusitis or sinusitis-like complaints. Anatomical variations were seen in 88 cases of 60 patients. Mucosal abnormalities were seen in 27 of 47 cases with concha bullosa, 23 of 37 cases with enlarged ethmoid bulla, 8 of 33 cases with Agger nasi, 20 of 26 cases with nasoseptal deviation, 7 of 8 cases with Haller cell, 3 of 6 cases with duoble middle turbinate, 4 of 6 cases with medially bent uncinate process, 1 cases with laterally bent uncinate process, and 33 of 40 cases with mixed variations. Mucosal abnormalities in cases with antomical variations were detected in 61 cases, including maxillary sinus(51 cases), anterior ethmoid sinus (26 cases), frontal sinus (4 cases), and mixed (32 cases). Mucosal abnormalities without anatomical variations were detected in 13 cases involving maxillary sinuses (7 cases), anterior ethmoid sinuses (5 cases), and frontal sinus(1 cases). In conclusion, as coronal plane CT scan has the capability of dolineating anatomical variations and mucosal abnormalities of PNS, it is considered useful in evaluating the treatment and prognosis of chronic or recurrent sinusitis.
Ethmoid Sinus ; Frontal Sinus ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Meperidine ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Prognosis ; Sinusitis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Turbinates

It is well known that anatomic variations affecting the ostiomeatal unit (OMU) become one of the causes of mucosal abnormalities of paranasal sinuses (PNS). Findings of coronal plane CT scans of PNS were analyzed in 95 patients with sinusitis or sinusitis-like complaints. Anatomical variations were seen in 88 cases of 60 patients. Mucosal abnormalities were seen in 27 of 47 cases with concha bullosa, 23 of 37 cases with enlarged ethmoid bulla, 8 of 33 cases with Agger nasi, 20 of 26 cases with nasoseptal deviation, 7 of 8 cases with Haller cell, 3 of 6 cases with duoble middle turbinate, 4 of 6 cases with medially bent uncinate process, 1 cases with laterally bent uncinate process, and 33 of 40 cases with mixed variations. Mucosal abnormalities in cases with antomical variations were detected in 61 cases, including maxillary sinus(51 cases), anterior ethmoid sinus (26 cases), frontal sinus (4 cases), and mixed (32 cases). Mucosal abnormalities without anatomical variations were detected in 13 cases involving maxillary sinuses (7 cases), anterior ethmoid sinuses (5 cases), and frontal sinus(1 cases). In conclusion, as coronal plane CT scan has the capability of dolineating anatomical variations and mucosal abnormalities of PNS, it is considered useful in evaluating the treatment and prognosis of chronic or recurrent sinusitis.
Ethmoid Sinus ; Frontal Sinus ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Meperidine ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Prognosis ; Sinusitis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Turbinates

No abstract available.
Craniosynostoses*

BACKGROUND: Recently Escherichia coli isolates with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase(ESBL) have been increased in Korea. ESBLs confer variable levels of resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime and other broad-spectrum cephalosporins as well as to monobactams such as aztreonam, but they have no detectable activity against cephamycins and carbapenems. The aim of this study was to characterize the ESBL produced by E. coli strains isolated from clinical specimens. METHODS: From March to July, 1998, a total of 93 clinical isolates of E. coli, which was produced ESBL, were collected from patients of the Asan Medical Center. The isolates flagged as ESBL producers by microbroth dilution antibiotic susceptibility test were confirmed by the double disk synergy test. Minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of beta-lactams were determined by agar dilution method. The presence of TEM, SHV or CMY-1 gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction. The types of beta-lactamase gene were determined by isoelectric focusing and nucleotide sequence analysis. RESULTS: Sixty-two strains carried plasmid-mediated TEM-52 gene, which sequence showed the substitution of 3 amino acids compared to that of TEM-1. Seventeen strains produced SHV-12, six strains produced SHV-2a, three strains produced TEM-52 and SHV-12, three strains produced TEM-52 and SHV-2a, and one strain produced SHV-2a and SHV-12. One out of twenty-seven strains of cefoxitin-resistant E. coli was confirmed to have CMY-1 beta-lactamase by PCR and nucleotide sequence analysis. CONCLUSIONS: TEM-52 was the most prevalent in E. coli isolates. The most common SHV-types of ESBL in Korea are SHV-12 and SHV-2a in E. coli isolates. In Korea, widespread use of oxyimino-cephalosporins in the hospitals has dramatically increased the prevalence of ESBL-producers in E. coli. Therefore, more prudent use of antibiotics is necessary to reduce the spread of these resistant organisms.
Agar ; Amino Acids ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Aztreonam ; Base Sequence ; beta-Lactamases* ; beta-Lactams ; Carbapenems ; Cefotaxime ; Ceftazidime ; Cephalosporins ; Cephamycins ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia* ; Humans ; Isoelectric Focusing ; Korea ; Monobactams ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence

We treated 4 patients with uric acid calculi in the renal pelvis or ureter with alkaline fluid irrigation through percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) tube. Initial presentations were anuria or severe flank discomfort, we performed PCN to relieve such obstructive symptoms caused by uric acid calculi. We tried to dissolve uric acid calculi with normal saline mixed to sodium bicarbonate through a PCN tube. The success of therapy is believed to be related to the direct and constant urinary alkalinization effect obtained with irrigation compared to be the intermittent alkalization that occurs when oral agent are used.
Anuria ; Calculi* ; Humans ; Kidney Pelvis ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous* ; Pregnenolone Carbonitrile ; Sodium Bicarbonate ; Ureter ; Uric Acid*

The vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is frequently found among the patients with urinary tract infection (UIT) and some patients with VUR progress to reflux nephropathy. The presence of scarring at UIT is an important determinant in the selection of those at risk of progressive damage. 99m Technetium dimercaptosuccinic acid (99m Tc-DMSA) is a renal scanning agent provides a good quality of renal image as a result of preferential cortical accumulation. 99m Tc-DMSA scan and VCUG were performed in 133 patients diagnosed UTI at pediatric department of Kyung Hee University, College of Medicine from May, 1990 to May, 1992 The results were as follows: 1) VUR was seen in 27 children among 133 patients with UTI. The incidence was 20.3%. Under 1 year of age, male to female ratio was higher incidence of VUR. 2) Incidence of renal scarring was higher in patients with VUR than those of without VUR. 3) Grading of VUR in relation to age, the older the age, the lower the grade. 4) There is no correlation between renal scarring and grades of VUR. 5) In distribution of renal scarring, it was found to have tendency to develop at upper polar area, there was diffuse and multiple in patients with VUR. In conclusion the incidence of renal scarring was related to the age of onset, duration of UTI and the severity of the VUR and 99mTc-DMSA scan is mandatory in patient with UTI even without VUR in order to detect early phase of renal scarring.
Age of Onset ; Child ; Cicatrix* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Succimer ; Technetium ; Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract* ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) receptor gene mutation (C566T point mutation) is present in Korean women with premature ovarian failure and normal karyotype. METHODS: Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) obtained from 40 patients with chromosomally competent premature ovarian failure and from 30 normal fertile women(control group) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR). PCR products were digested by the enzyme BsmI and polyacrylamide gel(PAG) elctrophoretic patterns of these enzyme-digested products were analyzed. The direct sequencing of PCR products was also performed. RESULTS: All patients with premature ovarian failure and 30 normal control women demonstrated homozygous, normal alleles with 51- and 27- base pairs fragments in PAG elctrophoresis. The absence of C566T point mutation in both group was confirmed by direct DNA sequencing. CONCLUSIONS: A C566T mutation in FSH receptor gene is rare in Korean women with premature ovarian failure and normal karyotype.
Alleles ; Base Pairing ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone* ; Humans ; Karyotype* ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency* ; Receptors, FSH* ; Sequence Analysis, DNA