In the treatment of proximal tibial condyle fracture, it should be considered that it can often accompany injuries of the collateral ligament, both cruciate ligament, and the menisci of the knee. Moreover it is necessary to restore anatomical congruity of the articular surface accurately. We performed reduction of the depressed articular fragment under monitoring of arthroscopy and fixed with cannulated cancellous screws and accompanied by bone graft under the control of image intensifier in 2 cases of Type I(Pure cleavage) and 3 cases of type II(cleavage with depression) fractures. The results were very satisfactory. Arthroscopy assisted reduction and fixation are very useful method in the treatment of proximal tibial condyle fracture because of (1) the minimized operative morbidity, (2) the ability to evaluate and manage associated intraarticular pathology simultaneously, (3) the rapid rehabilitation, (4) the achievement of good reduction comparable to open reduction.
Arthroscopy ; Collateral Ligaments ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Methods ; Pathology ; Rehabilitation ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Seroepidemiologic Studies*

The authors report a case of brain abscess associated with pulmonary arteriovenous malformation(AVM). As right to left shunt in systemic circulation can precipitate brain abscess in congenital cyanotic heart disease, arteriovenous fistula in pulmonary AVM is an etiologic factor of brain abscess. Brain abscess associated with pulmonary AVM is very rare and has so far been lacking in previous report in Korea. The pertinent literatures of brain abscess associated with pulmonary AVM are also reviewed.
Arteriovenous Fistula ; Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Brain Abscess* ; Brain* ; Heart Diseases ; Korea

Brain abscess is a rare, extremely aggressive, life-threatening infection. It may occur following : infection of contiguous structure, hematogenous spread, or cranial trauma/ surgery. Dental pathology and/or treatment have been linked to a small number of brain abscesses as possible source of infection. 50-year-old male patient was presented with a brain abscess caused by Streptococcus viridans. In the case presented, the significant oral findings were chronic periapical and periodontal infection due to root remnant of lower right 3rd molar. A case history and brief literature review of brain abscess related odontogenic infection was presented after successful treatment with antibiotics and craniotomy.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Brain Abscess* ; Brain* ; Craniotomy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molar ; Pathology ; Viridans Streptococci

Brain abscess is a rare, extremely aggressive, life-threatening infection. It may occur following : infection of contiguous structure, hematogenous spread, or cranial trauma/ surgery. Dental pathology and/or treatment have been linked to a small number of brain abscesses as possible source of infection. 50-year-old male patient was presented with a brain abscess caused by Streptococcus viridans. In the case presented, the significant oral findings were chronic periapical and periodontal infection due to root remnant of lower right 3rd molar. A case history and brief literature review of brain abscess related odontogenic infection was presented after successful treatment with antibiotics and craniotomy.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Brain Abscess* ; Brain* ; Craniotomy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molar ; Pathology ; Viridans Streptococci

PURPOSE: This study investigated the breast-feeding period, the milk bottle-using period, the age of cow's milk, introduced and the amount of cow's milk consumed in relation to anemia. METHODS: Over the course of three years, 930 children(12 months to 36 months) who went to the Presbyterian Medical Center, Chonju, Korea were tested for anemia and their parents were surveyed for a history of their children's milk consumption. RESULTS: Anemia appeared more likely between 30 months and 36 months, however, iron-deficiency anemia appeared more likely between 18 months and 23 months. Anemia, low serum ferritin levels and iron-deficiency anemia appeared more likely in children breast fed less than 6 months and greater than 12 months. Although there were survey reports of side effects with cow's milk, including constipation, diarrhea and skin rash, the milk bottle-using period, age of cow's milk introduced and amount of cow's milk consumed had no connection with anemia, serum ferritin levels and iron-deficiency anemia. CONCLUSION: The data showed no correlation between the cow's milk, milk bottle-using period and iron deficiency. But the data revealed that iron deficiency anemia is more likely in children who are breast fed for less than 6 months and over 12 months, so we suggest careful attention during this period to prevent iron deficiency anemia.
Anemia ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Breast ; Child ; Constipation ; Diarrhea ; Exanthema ; Ferritins ; Humans ; Iron* ; Jeollabuk-do ; Korea ; Milk* ; Nursing* ; Parents ; Protestantism

No abstract available.
Esophagus* ; Granular Cell Tumor*

PURPOSE: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a relatively rare tumor that originates from the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. It is generally known that this tumor easily recurs but can be successfully treated with a wide excision. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate postoperative outcomes and risk factors for recurrence in patients with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans who were treated at a single institution for 20 years. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 35 patients who had underwent surgery between June 1992, and September 2010. The patients were assessed in terms of predilection site and size of the tumor, the incidence according to sex, discrepancy between biopsy results and histopathological diagnosis of the surgical specimen, additional treatment after recurrence, recurrence rate and the time interval to recurrence. RESULTS: In multivariate analysis, the depth and site of the tumor were significant risk factors for tumor recurrence. The recurrence rate was significantly higher in tumors occurring in the upper extremity than those occurring in other regions(p=0.0348). In addition, the recurrence rate was significantly higher in tumors with involvement of the fascia and the deeper structures(p=0.0324, odds ratio=6, relative risk=1.588). Since dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans has strong invasiveness, its tissue involvement is difficult to evaluate accurately. CONCLUSION: The results of this study shows that involvement of the fascia and the deeper structures and occurrence in the upper extremity were associated with tumor recurrence. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of these risk factors to achieve better treatment outcomes.
Biopsy ; Dermatofibrosarcoma ; Dermis ; Fascia ; Humans ; Incidence ; Medical Records ; Multivariate Analysis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Upper Extremity

An endoscopic retrograde cholangiographic study of 25 consecutive cases of hepatic clonorchiasis was performed during the period from Aug. 1986 to Sep. 1991 Hepatic clonorchiasis was confirmed by stool of examination for Clonorchis sinensis. The findings consist of characteristic filling defects and changes in the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. The filling defects due to adult worms are significant diagnostic criteria of clonorchiasis. Its appearance is elliptical and/or round. The change in the intrahepatic bile ducts consisits of dilatation, irregularity(tortousity and elongation) and blunting of termieal branches of bile tree, irregular stenosis, fuzziness and raggedness. The characteristic changes in the extrahepatic bile ducts in clonorchiasis are duct wall irregularities and mild dilatation of bile duct. ERCP is an excellent method to evaluate biliary tree in patient with clonorchiasis because it reveals not only its characteristic findings of clonorchiasis but also its severity and associated lesions.
Adult ; Bile ; Bile Ducts ; Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Biliary Tract ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde* ; Clonorchiasis* ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dilatation ; Humans

An endoscopic retrograde cholangiographic study of 25 consecutive cases of hepatic clonorchiasis was performed during the period from Aug. 1986 to Sep. 1991 Hepatic clonorchiasis was confirmed by stool of examination for Clonorchis sinensis. The findings consist of characteristic filling defects and changes in the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. The filling defects due to adult worms are significant diagnostic criteria of clonorchiasis. Its appearance is elliptical and/or round. The change in the intrahepatic bile ducts consisits of dilatation, irregularity(tortousity and elongation) and blunting of termieal branches of bile tree, irregular stenosis, fuzziness and raggedness. The characteristic changes in the extrahepatic bile ducts in clonorchiasis are duct wall irregularities and mild dilatation of bile duct. ERCP is an excellent method to evaluate biliary tree in patient with clonorchiasis because it reveals not only its characteristic findings of clonorchiasis but also its severity and associated lesions.
Adult ; Bile ; Bile Ducts ; Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Biliary Tract ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde* ; Clonorchiasis* ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dilatation ; Humans