Objective To raise risk exposure awareness for spreading pathogenic microorganisms in anesthesia procedures and normalize aseptic technique of anesthesiologists,thus minimizing postoperative infection.Methods Choose 45 cases of general anesthesia.Respectively before anesthesia induction (Time0),five minutes after induction (Time1) and two hours after anesthesia (Time2),make bacteriological tests on seven spots vulnerable to contamination,including the three-way stopcock,screwtype hose coupling,oxygen flux knob,pressure-release valve surface,exhaled breath entry of the anesthesia machine,oxygen intake of the breathing loop of the anesthesia machine,and operating desktop of the anesthesia cart.Results Contamination risk exposure of the stopcock extends with the operative time.At Time 0,it is sterile; at Time 1,84.4％of the 45 cases are found with bacteria growth,with colony count of 1～2CFU/ml; at Time2,colony counts at various monitoring points range 7～21 CFU/ml,of which the differences between Timel group and Time0,as well as Time2 and Time0 are statistically significant(P＜0.05).Colony counts at other monitoring points comply with the regulations.Conclusion Three-way stopcocks are highly vulnerable to contamination during operative anesthesia.Regular sterile operations can effectively prevent and lower postoperative infection of the patients.

Bispecific antibodies have been exploited as both cancer immunodiagnostics and cancer therapeutics, which have shown promises in clinical trials in cancer imaging and therapy. To improve the anti-tumor effect, an scDb (bispecific single-chain diabody) was constructed from the variable domain genes of two scFvs (single-chain variable fragment antibodies) directed against human EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) extracellular domains. The anti-EGFR/ anti-KDR scDb was constructed into pHEN2 plasmid and expressed in Escherichia coli HB2151 host. After purification by one-step affinity chromatography of IMAC, scDb protein was characterized by Western blotting. The yield of scDb protein was 570 microg per liter medium. scDb bound to EGFR as efficiently as the parental antibody scFv-E10, while a little bit weaker than the parental antibody scFv-AK404R when bound to KDR. In conclusion, the scDb protein could bind both EGFR and KDR specifically and could be applied for further anti-tumor research.

To study the chemical components and the antifungal activity of extraction from conidia of Trichoderma viride LTR-2.The extraction were obtained by distilling with Methylene dichloride from conidia of Trichoderma viride LTR-2 cultured on wheat bran solid matrix.Antifungal activity were determined by mycelium growth method.The chemical components of the extraction were analysed by GC-MS,the relative components in the extraction were determined by area normalization.The extraction not only have broad-spectrum control,showed antibiosis against eleven different plant fungal pathogens in PDA dish,such as Rhizoctonia solani,Alternaria brassica,Verticillium dahliae,Macrophoma kawatsukai,Fusarium moniliforme,Botrytis cinerea,Rhizoctonia cerealis,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum,Bipolaris sorokinana,Fusarium graminearum,Alternaria.mali,but also have high inhibitory effect,and had 89.3% suppressive rate to Rhizoctonia cerealis.About sixty components were separated and identified by GC-MS,majority components were Hydrocarbon,the number of the Hydrocarbon were fourty-three kinds.Ergosterol was the major chemical components of the extract,and has 41.90% content.Other components comprised:Ketone,Organic acid,Alcohol,Ene,et al.Conclusion:The extraction from conidia of Trichoderma viride LTR-2 have antifungal activity.The extration comprised 2H-Pyran-2-one,5,6-dihydro-6-pentyl,it has 2.35% content.reference others literature,2H-Pyran-2-one,5,6-dihydro-6-pentyl may be the suppressive component of the extration.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and evaluate whether the age,body mass index and grade of KOA are associated with the treatment outcomes.Methods Using the prospective,randomized,controlled study,100 KOA patients hospitalized between December 2013 and November 2014 were enrolled.Twentyeight patients were men and 72 were women.Mean age was 58 years (range,35-85 years).Degenerative arthritis occurred in 68 patients and traumatic arthritis in 32 patients.Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) score was grade Ⅱ in 35 patients,grade Ⅱ in 46 and grade Ⅲ in 19.The patients were assigned to receive hyaluronic acid (HA) (HA group,n =50) and PRP (PRP group,n =50) by an intraarticular route once weekly for 3 weeks,according to the random number table.Between-group differences were insignificant in age,gender,body mass index (BMI) and K-L grade.Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC),visual analog scale (VAS) and cartilage lesions score (CaLs) were used for clinical and MRI evaluations.At follow-up evaluation,the effective rate was defined at least 36％ improvement from the baseline WOMAC score.Results All patients were followed up for 6 months.The effective rate in PRP group was 84％ versus 68％ in HA group after the last treatment (P ＞0.05),and was 60％ versus 36％ in HA group at the final follow-up (P ＜ 0.05).WOMAC score in both groups had significant improvement after operation,while VAS improved only in PRP group (P ＜ 0.01).In PRP group patients with K-L grade I had better VAS and WOMAC scores than those with grade Ⅱ (P ＜0.05),and patients with grade Ⅱ had better WOAMC score than those with grade Ⅲ (P ＜ 0.05).MRI findings showed seven patients in PRP group had similar CaLs before and after operation (P ＞ 0.05),and the area of abnormal signal in subchondral bone and the depth of cartilage lesion gradually decreased in one of them.Follow-up study showed the outcomes had negative correlation with age and K-L grade (P ＜0.05),but no certain correlation with BMI in PRP group (P ＞ 0.05).Clinical effects in both groups were decreased over time.Conclusions Intraarticular injection of PRP benefits to pain relief,decreased inflammation and tissue repair,and has much better outcome in patients with younger age and lower K-L grade.However,BMI is not associated with the outcome.

OBJECTIVETo retrospectively analyze oral lichen planus (OLP) patients and to summarize the clinical characteristic of OLP in Chinese patients.

METHODSA total of 724 patients with histologically and clinically confirmed OLP were collected from department of oral mucosa in School of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University between 1978 and 2006.

RESULTSThe OLP patients were followed up from 1 month to 259 months (mean 21 months). Of the 724 patients, 68.23% were women and 31.77% were men. The buccal mucosa was the most common site of involvement in each form, followed by the dorsal tongue, ventral tongue, lip, gingiva, palate and the floor of mouth. The reticular form of the disease was the predominant type in 53.82% of patients at initial presentation. About 48.76% of the patients had multiple oral sites of involvement. Fifteen OLP lesions developed into carcinoma, the malignant transformation rate was 2.07%.

CONCLUSIONSBecause OLP has potential of malignant change, a long time and periodical follow-up is of great importance for detection of malignant lesions.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lichen Planus, Oral ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo optimize the prescription dose of Mahuang decoction in a multi-target manner, in order to provide reference for the quantitative optimization of the prescription dose of the traditional Chinese medicine compound.

METHODThe number of diaphoretic spots in rats, the tracheal antispasmodic rate in guinea pigs and the writhing times by acetic acid in mice were taken as the indexes for evaluating the diaphoretic, antispasmodic and analgesic effects. According to the experimental results of the 16 orthogonal combination prescriptions, a mathematical dose-effect model was built by support vector regression (SVR) and quadratic response surface regression (RSR) respectively. The multi-target optimization was achieved by elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) and entropy weight TOPSIS method.

RESULTThe optimal dose of Mahuang decoction after being optimized by SVR modeling contained 17.71 g of Ephedrae Herba, 9.57 g of Cinnamomi Ramulus, 11.75 g of Armeniacae Semen Amarum and 4.39 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle. The optimized result by RSR modeling contained 13.37 g of Ephedrae Herba, 11.61 g of Cinnamomi Ramulus, 11.98 g of Armeniacae Semen Amarum and 5.67 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparate Cum Melle. SVR was superior to RSR in both of the forecast capacity and optimization results.

CONCLUSIONSVR-NSGA-II-TOPSIS method could be adopted for the multi-target optimization for the dose of Mahuang decoction and other traditional Chinese medicine compounds. It is proved to be the optimal prescription with the best efficacy, and could provide scientific quantitative basis for determining the dose of traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions and developing new traditional Chinese medicines.

Animals ; Cinnamomum ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drug Dosage Calculations ; Drug Prescriptions ; Ephedra ; chemistry ; Ephedra sinica ; chemistry ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Guinea Pigs ; Mice ; Rats

Bispecific antibodies have been exploited as both cancer immunodiagnostics and cancer therapeutics, which have shown promises in clinical trials in cancer imaging and therapy. To improve the anti-tumor effect, an scDb (bispecific single-chain diabody) was constructed from the variable domain genes of two scFvs (single-chain variable fragment antibodies) directed against human EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) extracellular domains. The anti-EGFR/ anti-KDR scDb was constructed into pHEN2 plasmid and expressed in Escherichia coli HB2151 host. After purification by one-step affinity chromatography of IMAC, scDb protein was characterized by Western blotting. The yield of scDb protein was 570 microg per liter medium. scDb bound to EGFR as efficiently as the parental antibody scFv-E10, while a little bit weaker than the parental antibody scFv-AK404R when bound to KDR. In conclusion, the scDb protein could bind both EGFR and KDR specifically and could be applied for further anti-tumor research.
Antibodies, Bispecific ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Humans ; Plasmids ; Protein Binding ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; immunology ; Single-Chain Antibodies ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; immunology

Adolescent ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; therapy ; Equipment and Supplies ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Video Recording

Objective:To investigate the esophageal microecology in patients with esophageal carcinoma (EC), and to compare the difference in esophageal flora between patients with esophageal cancer and healthy people.Methods:From July 2018 to July 2019, at Taihe Hospital, 82 EC patients and 20 age-and gender-matched healthy controls during the same period were selected. The pathology of EC were divided into poorly differentiated (8 cases), moderately differentiated (9 cases) and well differentiated cancers (13 cases) according to the degree of differentiation. The esophageal tissue samples of EC patients and healthy individuals were collected. Sample DNA was extracted and the V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sequencing was performed by lllumina HiSeq 4000 sequencing platform. Alpha-diversity analysis and principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) were performed, and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was used to screen different species. The random forest model was verified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the esophageal bacterial phenotype was predicted by BugBase database. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis H test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used for statistical analysis. Results:The Chao1 index of the EC patients was higher than that of healthy controls (362.51(284.29, 646.13) vs. 284.83(244.31, 344.74)), and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-2.857, P=0.004). The results of PCoA showed that the distance between samples of EC patients and healthy control samples was relatively close, and there was no significant difference in the composition of microecology between the two groups ( P>0.05). The abundance of esophageal Cyanobacteria and Verrucomicrobia of EC patients were both higher than those of healthy controls (0.2% vs. 0.1%, 0.4% vs. 0), while the abundances of esophageal Proteobacteria, SR1 and TM7 phylum of EC patients were lower than those of healthy controls (21.9% vs. 34.2%, 0.1% vs. 0.2%, 0.2% vs. 0.5%), and the differences were statistically significant ( Q=0.090, 0.077, 0.010, 0.026 and 0.001, all P<0.05). The abundances of Clostridia, Elostridiales, Pasteurella, Pasteurellaceae, Eikenella, Actinobacillus and Haemophilus in poorly differentiated patients, moderately differentiated and higher differentiated patients were 28.3%, 24.2% and 17.0%, 28.3%, 24.2% and 17.0%, 3.2%, 0.3% and 5.0%, 3.2%, 0.3% and 5.0%, 0, 1.5% and 0.1%, 0.5%, 0 and 0.7%, 1.3%, 0.2% and 3.9%, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( Q=0.579, 0.557, 0.390, 0.711, 0.768, 0.768 and 0.768, all P<0.05). LEfSe analysis showed that the abundances of Fusobacterium, Ruminococcus, Odorbacterium and S24_7 of EC patients were higher than those of healthy controls (21.5% vs. 11.7%, 0.5% vs. 0.1%, 0.1% vs. 0 and 0 vs. 0), and the differences were statistically significant (LDA=2.591, 2.379, 2.790 and 2.927, all P<0.05). The ROC curve confirmed that the random forest model was reliable and the AUC value was 0.92. BugBase database phenotypic prediction showed that the phenotype of esophageal bacteria related to biofilm formation, pathogenic potential, mobile elements, oxygen demand (aerobic, anaerobic and facultative bacteria), and oxidative stress tolerance of EC patients were more abundant than those of healthy controls (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The esophageal flora of patients with esophageal cancer has changed. Fusobacterium, Ruminococcus, Odoribacterium and S24_7 may be potential biomarkers of esophageal flora.

Objective To determine the normal value of right ventricle using one beat full-volume real-time three-dimensional echocardiography ( RT-3 DE) and assess the feasibility of this technique.Methods One beat full volume images were acquired at the apical 4 chamber view in 129 healthy volunteers.The right and left ventricular volumes were examined with the eSie LVA and RVA.The subjects were divided into 2 gender groups (male and female) and 3 age groups (20 -39 years old,40 -59years old,60 years old and above).Results Adequate data were obtained in 129 subjects.The RV-EDV was (92.4±21.3)ml,RV-ESV (34.6 ±9.2) ml,RV-SV (57.8 ±13.9) ml,RV-EF (62.5 ±5.0) ml.EDV,ESV,and EF were significant different while SV was similar between RV and LV ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).RVEDV(r=0.517,P=0.001),RV-ESV(r=0.588,P=0.001) and RV-SV(r=0.409,P=0.001)were correlated well with BSA.RV-EDV,RV-ESV and RV-SV were significantly higher in males than in females (all P ＜ 0.001 ).RV-EDV.RV-SV and RV-EF decreased with aging ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Right ventricle function can be measured noninvasively by RT-3DE with high feasibility. This novel method contributes to the detailed study of right heart function in various cardiovascular diseases.