College and university foodservice dietitians have to be competent for playing a role as the future food service executive as well as the present foodservice administrator in the promising foodservice industry field. The study conducted a survey to examine training needs corresponding to educational contents for the purpose of helping them acquire a new knowledge related to self-development and duty through educational training. The results of this study suggested that training needs were differed by general characteristics of dietitians, operational characteristics of food services, and training subjects. A future study should develop systematic training strategies for dietitians.
Administrative Personnel ; Food Services ; Humans ; Nutritionists*

Ketotifen, a benzocycloheptathiophene, has an orally effective antiallergic as well as antihistaminic properties. In pervious studies, Ketotifen has shown encouraging results on patient with allergic rhinitis, either perennial or seasonal. 39 patients with allergic rhinitis had been treated with Ketotifen 1 mg twice daily for 8 weeks. And we obtained following results. 1) The efficacy rate in sneezing attack was 73.5%, in nasal discharge 71%, in nasal obstruction 58%. 2) Some improvements in at least one of three-major symptoms were noted within 1 week in 30.7%, within 2 weeks in 55.8%, within 3 weeks in 66.7%, within 8 weeks in 87.2%. 3) Physical findings such as colour, swelling of turbinate, character of rhinorrhea were not improved significantly. 4) Side effect was observed only in one patient with abdominal pain and diarrhea, which was subsided after interruption of administration. These results suggested that Ketotifen was effective in treatment of allergic rhinitis.
Abdominal Pain ; Diarrhea ; Humans ; Ketotifen* ; Nasal Obstruction ; Rhinitis, Allergic* ; Seasons ; Sneezing ; Turbinates

No abstract available.
Immunosuppression* ; Prognosis* ; Transplantation*

No abstract available.
Bilophila*

No abstract available.
Bilophila*

BACKGROUNDS: The biliary diseases were one of the most common diseases of intraabdominal diseases, and cholecystectomy was performed first in 1882 by Langenbuch, and since laparoscopic cholecystectomy( L.C) that was new noninvasive method of being avoid the laparotomies was performed first in France, in 1987 by Philippe Mouret, it has become the standard method of treatment for symptomatic cholelithiasis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy offers the mafority of patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis as an improved treatment option, resulting in significantly less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, better cosmetic result, and more rapid return to normal activity than standard open cholecystectomy. METHODS: We compared the 82 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Chung-nam National University Hospital from Jan. 1993 to Jun. 1998 to the 67 patients undergoing standard open cholectystectomy(O.C) during the same periods. RESULTS: 1) The mean age of L.C group was 53.9 years and that of O.C group was 58.0 years. The male to female ratio of L.C group was 1:1.47 and that of O.C group was 1:1.0. 2) Associated diseases were observed in 31 patients(37.8%) of the L.C group and 36 patients(53.7%) of the O.C group. 3) 6 patients(7.3%) had a previous abdominal operation, with appendectomy, the most frequent among them. 4) The shorter operative time and postoperative hospitalization stay were required to performed laparoscopic cholecystectomy than standad open cholecystectomy(p=0.03, p=0.02). 5) Postoperative compoications were occurred in 6 patients(7.3%) of L.C group. 1 patient was explorated, the remainders were recovered by conservative treatment. 6) On pathologic findings, chronic cholecystitis as seen in 70 pateints(85.4%) were the most frequent in the L.C group. In the O.C group, chronic cholecystitis as seen in 40 pateints(59.7%) were also the most frequent diseases. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has the merits of short operation and admission time, lesser postoperative pain, smaller wound, rapid return to normal life than open cholecystectomy.
Appendectomy ; Cholecystectomy ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic* ; Cholecystitis ; Cholelithiasis ; Female ; France ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Operative Time ; Pain, Postoperative ; Wounds and Injuries

BACKGROUND: When one of family members must be treated, the others are required to get various forms of changes including modification of their proper roles in the family. Particularily when he or she can not perform his or her activities of daily living(ADL) owing to functional impairment by himself or herself, there seems to be greater dependence upon his or her family. Accordingly, we tried to give help in the treatment of patients through the comparative analysis concerning functional impairment in both groups on the assumption that there is difference of family function between two family groups which have a patient in family, or not. METHODS: This study was carried out to 83 inpatients in Sun Hospital in Dae Jeon and local rehabilitation clinics in Iksan from 1. July. 1995 to 31. Jun. 1996. We evaluated activites of daily living by using modified Barthel Index(MBI) and classified them into dependent group with 60 points or less(6roup I ), and independent group with more than 60 points(Group II). We also used Family APGAR score and FACES III to evaluate their family functions. RESULTS: MBI scores to evaluate ADL were 42.9+/-15.6 in Group I and 82.1+/-17.9 in Group II. Family APGAR scores were 6.93+/-2.52 in Group I and 7.24+/-17.9 in Group II but there was no significance between two groups. Types of family according to Family APGAR score were highly functional, morderate dysfunctional, and severly dysfunctional one in order of frequency in both groups, but there was no significance in their frequencies in both groups. Types of Family in view of cohesion was disengaged, separated, connected, and enmeshed one in order of frequency in Group I, and separated, disengaged, connected, and enmeshed one in order of frequency in Group II but there was no significance between two groups. Types of family in view of adaptability were rigid, chaotic structured,and flexible one in order of frequency in Group I, and were flexible, structured, rigid, and chaotic one in orders in Group II, which showed significance between two groups. Extremal types of family structure were large in numbers in Group I, but it didnt show significance. CONCLUSIONS: Assuming that there were large numbers of rigid and chaotic family in Group I, it is considered that tne family which has a patient with severely impaired function seems to have weaker adaptability to their family stresses than otherwise. Therefore, it is desirable that physicians who take charge of such patients provide continuous and comprehensive medical care for them including their family with greater concerns and through analysis and assessment of their family functions.
Activities of Daily Living ; Apgar Score ; Daejeon ; Humans ; Inpatients* ; Jeollabuk-do ; Rehabilitation* ; Solar System

Bacillus cereus meningitis can show unusual presentation and very rapid progression associated with high mortality and unusual MRI findings. We report a 77-year-old man with fever and altered mentality after epidural neuroplasty for chronic lumbar spinal pain. Symptoms rapidly progressed over the 12 hours following surgery. He was diagnosed with meningoencephalitis by Bacillus cereus confirmed by CSF culture and DNA sequencing. He improved with antibiotics slowly although his mental state did not completely revert to his prior level. This case demonstrates the rapid and fulminant clinical picture produced by Bacillus cereus associated with neuroplasty. It also shows peculiar frontal white matter changes with hydrocephalus on MRI

The purpose of this study was to verify the reliability and validity of the Job Meaning Scale for Nutrition Teachers (JMS-NT). The JMS-NT, the Nutrition Teacher Job Satisfaction Scale (NTJSS), and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) were administered to 180 nutrition teachers (female: 180, male: 0). The results showed that the JMS-NT had a three-factor structure in exploratory factor analysis. In addition, the test-retest reliability for all three factors of the JMS-NT was in the range of 0.69 to 0.85, and the internal consistency was in the range of 0.92 to 0.94, showing that they met the standards. The results of conducting Pearson correlation analyses between the JMS-NT and validity indicators such as the NTJSS and the MLQ were statistically significant, confirming the criterion validity of the scale. The above results show that the JMS-NT is a reliable and valid tool to measure the three factors of the job meaning of the nutrition teachers. Finally, the theoretical and practical significance, limitations, and future research tasks of the study were discussed.

Two cases of congenital anterior urethral diverticula which have occurred in a 4 year-old and one month-oldboys are presented. Etiology, diagnostic procedures, and its clinical results are briefly reviewed.
Diverticulum