PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of foot reflexology massage on sleep and fatigue of elderly women. METHOD: The study was performed from April thru July of 2004 on the nonequivalent control group non-synchronized quasi-experimental design. Fifty elderly women were selected for each group. The foot reflexology massage was performed for 45 minutes every three days for experimental group. The data were analyzed using the Cronbach's alpha, Chi-Square test, t-test and Repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni. RESULT: 1. The sleep score of the experiment group is significantly higher than that of the control group(t=-5.944, p=.000). 2. For the experiment group, it is seen that the sleep score increases as the frequency of the foot reflexology massage increases(F=96.362, p=.000). 3. The fatigue score of the experiment group is significantly lower than that of the control group(t=4.356, p=.000). 4. For the experiment group, the fatigue is relieved gradually as the frequency of the foot reflexology massage increases(F= 118.444, p=.000). CONCLUSION: Based on the results described above, it is considered that the foot reflexology massage is effective for elderly women in promoting a good sleep and relieving the fatigue.
Aged* ; Fatigue* ; Female ; Foot* ; Humans ; Massage*

The purpose of this study was to produce proper nutrition and foodservice through positive intervention for diet-refusal patients who has difficulties in adaptation to hospital diet, and to contribute to hospital management with the focus of fast recovery. The survey was conducted using questionnaires between July 18 and August 17, 2000. The subjects were consisted of 24 diet-refusal patients who were hospitalized in St. Mary's Hospital except the patients hospitalized for the purpose of operation or pre-therapy tests. Also chart reviews were conducted. The statistical analysis of data was done by SAS/win 6.11 package to determine descriptive analysis and paired t-test and Pearson's correlation. The summary of study results is as follows : 1. Most of the subjects was receiving chemotherapy. The leading place for offering private food was from patient's home. Subjects worried about delayed recovery from illness due to nutritional problems caused by extreme fasting. The problems were in order of anorexia, nausea and vomiting during therapy process. 52.4% of subjects ate hospital diet after positive intervention. 2. Major reasons of hospital diet-refusal patients' dissatisfation were in order of expeness, dissatisfation, serum total protein levels were significantly lower(p<.05). 3. Serum Alb(p<.05), Hb(p<.05), Hct(p<.05) and TLC(p<.001) levels showed significantly negative correlations with fasting duration. With these results, it is concluded that a major cause of malnutrition among patients is to last fasting.
Anorexia ; Diet* ; Disulfiram* ; Drug Therapy ; Fasting ; Humans ; Malnutrition ; Nausea ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Vomiting

The exposures to carbamate pesticides (BPMC specifically) of agricultural workers were estimated by collecting pesticide in air by personal sampler and by analyzing with gas chromatography. Data revealed that the highest BPMC concentration in the aspirated air was 7.7 mg/m3. Concentrations were generally higher in the group whose spray conditions were controlled than the group uncontrolled. Actual concentrations were relatively lower than the values predicted theoretically. These findings suggest that personal sampler be useful in the estimation of pesticide exposure.
Farmers ; Chromatography, Gas* ; Humans ; Pesticides ; Pilot Projects* ; Rural Health

No abstract available.
Female ; Labor, Induced* ; Pregnancy*

BACKGROUND: Dizziness is a common complaint in patients presenting at emergency departments. Dizziness is difficult to assess because it is a subjective complaint that cannot be measured. We report a clinical analysis of patients with acute dizziness: type, duration, symptom, incidence, etc. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical details and the results of vestibular function tests for 106 acutely dizzy patients who visited the Emergency Department of Wonkwang University Hospital during the period of Jul. 1999 through Dec. 1999. RESULTS: The most common etiology of acute dizziness was the peripheral vestibular system(66%). The most common disease of the peripheral vestibular system was benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(52.9%), and the second most one was vestibular neuronitis(42.9%). In the central nervous system, cerebrovascular accident(63.6%) was the most common cause. All of the patients had experienced a previous vertigo attack, and 42.4% of them had frequent attacks. Dizziness of the cochlear systems were usual in peripheral vertigo. The usual underlying diseases related with vertigo were hypertension, cerebral infarction and diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSION: Dizziness is a complex and frustrating symptom with numerous possible causes. In case with suspected central disorders, CT and MRI have a great diagnostic significance.
Central Nervous System ; Cerebral Infarction ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Dizziness* ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Vertigo ; Vestibular Function Tests

Aneurysm of the splenic artery are the third most common intra-abdominal aneurysm, following aneurysms of the infrarenal aorta and iliac arteries. Splenic artery aneurysms (SAA) are the most frequent visceral artery aneurysms and account for more than two thirds of all lesions. Incidence of SAA are rare clinical entities(0.01-0.2%) that carry risk of rupture and fatal hemorrhage(35-100%). Fibroblastic dysplasia and atherosclerosis is fecund in the majority, and the fact that these aneurysms developes more commonly in female. Most patients are asymptomatic and the diagnosis is generally made incidentally. The treatment of patient with known SAA is dictated by several factors, including location, age, sex, present of symptom, size, pregnancy. We report ruptured splenic artery aneurysm with hemoperitoneum and review of the literature.
Aneurysm* ; Aorta ; Arteries ; Atherosclerosis ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Hemoperitoneum ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; Incidence ; Pregnancy ; Rupture ; Splenic Artery*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic*

Objectives: . Nonsurgical rhinoplasty using threads has gained popularity in recent years. While the benefits of this procedure have been emphasized, possible complications and their management are not well-known. This study aimed to present the surgical management and results of the complications of thread rhinoplasty. Methods: . We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of seven patients who underwent revision rhinoplasty due to the complications of thread rhinoplasty from January 2018 to May 2021. The presentation of complications, detailed surgical procedures, and outcomes of revision rhinoplasty were reviewed. Results: . Visible or extruded threads at the tip were the most common complication, followed by dorsum irregularity. All the threads were unabsorbed and intact in shape, even several years after insertion. Thread removal necessitated careful tissue dissection, resulting in the loss of tip support and dorsal irregularity. To restore the tip support and camouflage the dorsum shape, an autologous tissue graft was needed. Conclusion . Removal of threads at the tip and dorsum was accompanied by structural weakening and partial tissue loss, which required tip support restoration and dorsum camouflage.

The management of skin and soft tissue defects on the buttock, perineum and lower abdomen has been improved through the development of myocutaneous flap. However, sacrifice of the deep muscles causes some problems such as intraoperative bleeding and functional disabilities of donor sites. And we can not also control the volume of the flap for the skin reliability of myocutaneous flaps. To overcome these disadvantages, we tried perforator-based myocutaneous island flaps for the reconstruction of the sacral, ischial sores or deep wounds of the perineum and lower abdomen. During the dissection of the flap, we could control the volume and shape of the flap exactly depending on the perforators. Clinically, total of 14 cases were treated with 10 parasacral perforator-based myocutaneous island flaps and 4 perforator-based extended myocutaneous island flaps. Parasacral flap is based on the parasacral perforators along the lateral sacral border and, the degree of containing muscles can be easily decided according to the depth of wound. In the cases of the extended myocutaneous flaps, we could design the perforator-based skin flap on the tip of myocutaneous island flap and appropriate volume of skin falp was obtained with the wide arc of rotation. Finally, the donor defect could be closed primarily and there was no significant sequela. There perforator-based myocutaneous island flaps require no significant sacrifice of the muscles and can be easily dissected and applied with the appropriate volumes for the reconstruction of the defect on the buttocks, perineum and lower abdomen.
Abdomen ; Buttocks ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Muscles ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Perineum ; Skin ; Surgical Flaps ; Tissue Donors ; Wounds and Injuries*

The reconstruction of pressure sore is often complicated problem due to underlying disease and general condition of the patients. Sometimes, it is too radical to use the muscle or musculocutaneous flap for the patients who has severe systemic disease and can not withstand the lengthy operation or the patients who already recovered from paraplegic condition and has no risk recurrence. To get over these problems, we recently have used the parasacral perforator-based island skin flaps for the sacral pressure sores. This flap is based on the axial pattern perforators originating from the internal pudendal artery and lateral sacarl artery. We performed this operation for 11 sacral sores with reasonable results. There was no significant complication, and duration of operation was relatively short and blood loss was a little. We concluded that this flap was useful for the patient with sacral pressure sore who could be categorized nontraumatic nonparaplegic group(NTNP group) or nontraumatic paraplegic group(NTP group). But this island flap has drawback, which is elimination of sensory nerve within the flap.
Arteries ; Humans ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Pressure Ulcer* ; Recurrence ; Skin*