No abstract available.
beta-Thalassemia*

The mutation of p53 tumor suppressor gene is the most common genetic variation of primary malignant tumors. The occurrence, progression and reaction for medical management of cancers can be different according to the characteristics of p53 gene, even if they are same kinds of malignant tumors. In this study, the property of p53 gene in 4 kinds of squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were investigated by using immunocytochemistry, PCR-SSCP, sequencing and Western blot methods. As a result, p53 mutation detected in 3 kinds of squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Namely, it is found that T in codon 176 changed to A, and G in codon 281 changed to A in KUMA3 cell lines; CC in codon 241 changed to TT in KUMA4 cell lines; G in codon 266 changed to T in KUMA6 cell lines. In single nucleotide polymorphism of codon 72 of p53 gene, the genetic variations are Arg/Pro heterozygote in KUMA3 and KUMA4 cell lines; Arg/Arg homozygote in KUMA5 cell lines; Pro/Pro homozygote in KUMA6 cell lines. These results will provide useful data for p53 gene researches of various squamous cell carcinomas.
Blotting, Western ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cell Line* ; Codon ; Genes, p53* ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genetic Variation ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Immunohistochemistry ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

We have experienced 113 cases of neonatal sepsis comfirmed by clinical manifestations and blood cultures from Jan. 1988 to Dec. 1992 at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Ulsan Dong-Kang Hospital and observed the incidence, predisposing perinatal factors, clinical manifestations, associated illnesses, laboratory findings, isolated microorganisms, antibiotics sensitivity test and mortality rate of neonatal sepsis according to onset of disease. The result were as follows: 1) The incidence of neonatal sepsis was 1.39% and male to female ration was 1.38:1. The incidence and sex difference between early onset and late onset disease were not significant. 2) Neonatal sepsis was more prevalent in premature infants (2.47%) than in fullterm infants (1.28%) and nore prevalent in low birth weight infants(3.01%) than in normal birth weight infants (1.25%). In premature infants, neonatal sepsis was more prevalent in early onset (63.2%) than in late onset diease (36.8%). In low birth weight infants, neonatal sepsis was more prevalent in early onset (64.8%) than in late onset dieases (35.7%P). 3) Predisposing perinatal factors, such as meconium staining, birth asphyxia, difficult delivery, premature rupture of membrane, maternal infection, toxemia and postpartum bleeding were slightly frequent in early onset disease. 4) Among the clinical manifestations, jaundice, respiratory symptoms, pallor, lethargy, poor feeding and hepatosplenonegaly were slightly frequent in early onset disease, but temperature instability and gastrointestinal symptoms were slightly frequent in late onset disease. 5) Among the associated illness, pneumonia, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, amnionitis, hyaline membrane disease and osteomyelits were more common in early onset disease, but gastroenteritis, urinary tract infection, necrotizing enterocolitis, wound infection and meningitis were mors common in late onset disease. 6) The difference of laboratory findings between early onset and late onset disease was not significant. 7) Causative organisms were gram positive organisms in 87 cases(77.0%), gram negative organisms in 22 cases (18.6%) and mixed infections in 5 cases (4.4%). Among them, coagulase negative staphylococcus was the most common one and staphylococcus aureus was the second. The incidence of infections caused by coagulase negative staphylococcus and staphylococcus aureus, between early onset and late onset disease, was not significantly different. Streptococcal infection was more prevalent in early onset disease, especially all group B streptococcus caused early onset disease. 8) Gram positive organisms ware sensitive to Cephalothin (92.9%), Chloramphenicol (90.0%) and Ceftriaxone (88.9%). Gram negative organisms were sensitive to Amikacin (91.3%) and Colistin (82.6%). The difference of antibiotics sensitivity for organisms causing early onset and late onset diease were not significant. Gram negative organisms causing early onset disease were resistant to gentamicin and terramycin, but those organisms causing late onset disease were more sensitive to gentamicin (88.9%) and tobramycin (77.8%). 9) The mortality rate was 7.96%. It was higher in gram negative infections (23.8%) than in gram positive infections (4.6%). No significant difference of mortality rate between early onset and late onset disease was found.
Amikacin ; Amnion ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Asphyxia ; Birth Weight ; Ceftriaxone ; Cephalothin ; Chloramphenicol ; Chorioamnionitis ; Coagulase ; Coinfection ; Colistin ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Female ; Gastroenteritis ; Gentamicins ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyaline Membrane Disease ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Jaundice ; Lethargy ; Male ; Meconium ; Membranes ; Meningitis ; Mortality ; Oxytetracycline ; Pallor ; Parturition ; Pneumonia ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Rupture ; Sepsis* ; Sex Characteristics ; Staphylococcus ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcal Infections ; Streptococcus ; Tobramycin ; Toxemia ; Ulsan ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Wound Infection

BACKGROUND: Hemorrhage itself has been shown to produce abnormalities in immunity, particularly depression of the lymphocyte function. In order to better examine the amount of hemorrhage required to suppress the lymphocyte function, we determined the effect of graded fixed-volume hemorrhage on splenocyte proliferation and the lymphocyte subpopulation. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats(weight, 350~400g) were anesthetized, subjected to hemorrhages of 7.5ml/kg, 15ml/kg, and 22.5ml/kg by percutaneous cardiac puncture with 26G needles. After 1, 2, 4, and 7 days, animals were killed to obtain the blood and spleen. The splenocyte proliferative capacity was measured by using the tritiated thymidine incorporation technique, and the peripheral lymphocyte subpopulation was determined using flow cytometry with the following monoclonal antibodies: T cell(CD3+), T helper cell(CD4+), T cytotoxic cell(CD8+), and B cell(CD45RA+). RESULTS: Hemorrhage of 7.5ml/kg did not induce depression of splenocyte proliferation. However, for hemorrhage greater than 15ml/kg, the splenocyte proliferative capacity was significantly depressed at 2 days after hemorrhage and recovered at 4 days. Hemorrhage induced no changes in the relative percentage of lymphocyte subpopulations and in the number of each cell in peripheral blood. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that cellular immunity is depressed at 48 hrs after a hemorrhage greater than 15ml/kg without any change in the peripheral lymphocyte subpopulation.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Depression ; Flow Cytometry ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; Lymphocytes* ; Male ; Needles ; Punctures ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spleen ; Thymidine

Eight patients in the state of ASA classification l, ll were investigate. Blood samples were collected before, just after, 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after induction of anesthesia. Glucose and electrolyte changes in relation to maintenance fluids in balanced and halothane anesthesia were as follows. 1) In both anesthetic techniques blood sugar level showed increasing tendency according to duration of anesthesia. 2) There were no specific changes in serum electrolytes related to type of anesthesia. 3) The administration of D/S and H/D showed a little increase in Na+ and Cl- level compared to the administration of just DsW. 4) The administration of H/d showed less increase in K+ level than the administration of DsW or D/S. 5) Just after induction of anesthesia the K+ level increased a little and decreased gradually thereafter.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Blood Glucose* ; Classification ; Electrolytes* ; Glucose ; Halothane ; Humans

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Standard unfractionated heparin (UFH) has long been used to prevent death and myocardial infarction in patients with acute coronary syndrome and acute occlusion undergoing percutaneous revascularization. However, UFH binds to several plasma proteins, platelets, and endothelial cells producing a highly variable anticoagulant response. In contrast, Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) exhibits less protein binding and provides more predictable anticoagulant response with reduced need for patient monitoring and dosage adjustment. The purpose of this study was to assess the anti-Xa activities of LMWH in Korean patients with acute coronary syndrome after recommended dose for caucasians and to determine an optimal method of administration of LMWH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty five patients with acute coronary syndrome were enrolled and allocated to five separate groups (5 patients in each group) by types according to molecular weight (LMWH (A): (molecular weight of 4500 daltons, LMWH (B): molecular weight of 6400 daltons) and methods of administration (Group 1A and 1B: Subcutaneous and subcutaneous injections (SC-SC), Group 2: Intravenous and subcutaneous injections (IV-SC), Group 3A and 3B: Intravenous, subcutaneous and subcutaneous injections (IV-SC-SC). Five groups were as follows: Group 1A: LMWH (A) 1 mg/kg SC every 12 hours, Group 1B: LMWH (B) 100 IU/kg SC every 12 hours, Group 2: LMWH (A) 1 mg/kg IV bolus and 1 mg/kg SC 12 hours later, Group 3A: LMWH (A) 0.5 mg/kg IV bolus, 3 hours later 1 mg/kg SC every 12 hours, Group 3B: LMWH (B) 50 IU/kg IV bolus, 3 hours later 100 IU/kg SC every 12 hours. Anti-Xa activity was measured by amidolytic assay method (Rotachrome, Stago, France) in 555 samples from 25 patients. All the data of anti-Xa activity in each group were plotted along the sequential time and mean values of them were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test. RESULTS: 1)The anti-Xa activity (mean 0.6216+/-0.238 IU/mL) of LMWH (A) was greater than that of LMWH (B)(mean 0.2587+/-0.1709 IU/mL) in the conventional SC-SC method (p<0.001). 2) The anti-Xa activity of LMWH (A) (mean 0.6203+/-0.2383 IU/mL) was also greater than that of LMWH (B)(mean 0.468+/-0.2428 IU/mL) in the IV-SC-SC method (p<0.001). 3) More rapid and effective anti-Xa activities were achieved by IV-SC-SC method compared with conventional SC-SC method. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that immediate achievement and optimum maintenance of anticoagulant activity can be accomplished by IV-SC-SC method rather than conventional SC-SC method in patients of acute coronary syndrome.
Acute Coronary Syndrome* ; Blood Proteins ; Endothelial Cells ; Heparin ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight* ; Humans ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Molecular Weight ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Myocardial Infarction ; Protein Binding

Single spore isolates of Plasmodiophora brassicae e4 and e9 obtained from diseased Chinese cabbage were identified as race 4 and race 9, respectively, by the Williams' differential variety set. To confirm the possibility of variation in same generation and progeny of a single spore isolate of P. brassicae, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was conducted using the URP 3, 6 and OPA 7 primers. There was no difference in band type at each part of the gall of Chinese cabbage obtained by inoculation of e4 and e9 and amplification using the URP 3 and 6 primers when the same generation was analyzed. In addition, the progeny analysis, which was expanded to the third generation and conducted using the URP 3 and OPA 7 primers, revealed no differences in the band type of the e4 isolate. Based on these results, the single spore isolate of P. brassicae was genetically stable.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Brassica ; Continental Population Groups ; DNA ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Plasmodiophorida ; Spores

PURPOSE: Recently, paranasal sinus(PNS) CT has increasingly been used because of the wide applications of a functional endoscopic sinonasal surgery(FESS) as one of the therapeutic modalities of the chronic sinonasal inflammatory disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed PNS CT findings in 76 patients with chronic sinonasal inflammatory disease who had undergone the PNS CT from April 1991 to July 1992. RESULTS: There were 5 sinonasal patterns of inflammation ;4 cases of infundibular type(5.3%), 14 cases of ostiomeatal unit(OMU) type(18%), one case of sphenoethmoidal(SER) type(1%), 56 cases of sinonasal polyposis type(74%), and one case of sporadic type(1%). The mucosal abnormality was seen in 74 OMU cases, 71 maxillary sinus cases, 69 ethmoidal sinus cases, 55 frontal sinus cases, 49 SER, and 46 sphenoidal sinus cases. The normal bony variant included ethmoid bulla(25 cases, 335), concha bullosa (20 cases 25%), Hailer cells(10 cases, 13%), paradoxical curvature of middle turbinate (4 cases, 5%), lateral deviation of uncinate process(3 cases, 4%), and deviation of nasal septurn(31 cases, 41%). CONCLUSION: The PNS CT is an excelleht imaging method providing detailed informations about the mucosal abnormality, pathological pattern, the anatomical structure and landmark, and bony variants prior to an operation.
Frontal Sinus ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Maxillary Sinus ; Retrospective Studies ; Turbinates

To evaluate the value of HRCT imaging in middle ear cholesteatoma, we prospectively analysed the CT images in 28 surgically proven cases with cholesteatomas regarding main site of lesion, ossicular change, facial nerve exposure and fistula formation . The most common main site of lesion was the epitympanum (92.8%). The results of sensitivity, positive predictability, and accuracy by CT imagings were as follows: for ossicular involvement, 94.1%, 88.8%, and 86.2% in malleus, 96.0%, 88.8%, and 85.7% in incus, 81.2%, 81.2%, and 78.5% in stapes; for facial verve exposure, 66.6%, 57.1%, and 81.2%; for fistula formation, 100%, 75.0%, and 96.4%, respectively. In conclusion, the temporal bone HRCT imaging is an accurate preoperative method in detecting main lesion site, ossicular involvement, fistula formation. Because of the low sensitivity and positive predictability in detecting facial nerve exposure, it is necessary to correlate the HRCT images with the clinical status.
Cholesteatoma ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear* ; Ear, Middle* ; Facial Nerve ; Fistula ; Incus ; Malleus ; Methods ; Prospective Studies ; Stapes ; Temporal Bone* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

No abstract available.
Hematoma*