Diet compliance is very important issue in patients with coronary artery disease(CAD). Diet compliance needs dietetic knowledge of patients and their families basically and families support. Therefore we studied about the dietetic knowledge level and educational needs of CAD patients and their families. For this study, we developed the study tool from the literature review. This tool consists of two main categories, one is about general dietary guidelines and specific food information, and the other is about educational needs of CAD patients & their families. The data were collected from 47 CAD patients and their families from June, 30 to to Semptember, 30, 1998. And they were analyzed using frequency, percentile, paired t-test, and ANOVA by SAS/ WIN. The results of this study were as follows : The results of the analysis of dietetic knowledge were as follows. In the general dietary guidelines, CAD patients knowledge level was lower than families in the importance of diet. And both patients and families had low knowledge level in the nutrition balance, protein intake, and relationship between fiber and cholesterol. In the specific food information, CAD patients knowledge level was low in protein-contained food, cholesterol -contained food, cooking method. The results of the relationship between the knowledge level and the demographic characteristics were as follows. In patients, there were significant statistical differences in the knowledge level of general dietary guidelines according to age and educational level, and the knowledge level of food information according to sex. In families, there were significant statistical differences in the knowledge level of general dietary guidelines according to age and educational level, and the knowledge level of food information according to sex and age. The results of the analysis of educational needs were as follows. Television was most common dietetic knowledge source. The highest educational needs were about recommended/restricted food and daily menu in both CAD patients and their families In th diet compliance, low-cholesterol diet was most difficult in both CAD patients and their farnilies. In conclusion, CAD patients and their families had high educational needs but insufficient concrete knowledge in such as recommended/restricted food, daily menu and cooking method. Nurses must be aware that it is necessary to establish an concrete dietetic educational program for CAD patients and their families.
Cholesterol ; Compliance ; Cooking ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Diet ; Humans ; Nutrition Policy ; Television

No abstract available.
Estrogens* ; Progesterone* ; Receptors, Progesterone*

No abstract available.
Cytogenetics*

PURPOSE: MRI is known to display the anatomy of the larynx in excellent detail with its remarkable soft tissue delineation and multiplanar imaging capability. We evaluate the accuracy of MRI in diagnosis and staging of laryngeal cancer MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen cases with pathologically proved squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx were reviewed, retrospectively. The examination was performed with a 0.5 T superconductive MR system and C1 surface coil. Axial, sagittal and coronal plane with T1WI(TR/TE 450/20) and T2WI(TR/TE 18OO/80) were done. RESULTS: Eleven cases with glottic cancer(5 Tla, 3 Tlb, 1 T3 and 2 T4) and 5 cases with supraglottic cancer (1 T1, 1 T3 and 1 T4) were included. Cancer tissue showed intermediate signal intensity on TIWI and high signal intensity on T2Wl. Among 16 cases, 13 cases were correctly staged and 3 cases were overstaged due to edema caused by previous biopsy, partial volume averaging effect of abutted lesion, or surrounding inflammation. CONCLUSION: MRI is an useful modality for diagnosis of laryngeal cancer, especially in evaluation of paraglottic extention on coronal image and cartilage invasion.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cartilage ; Diagnosis ; Edema ; Inflammation ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; Larynx ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Pertechnetate ( Tc) has been widely employed for thyroid imaging. While pertechnetate and radioiodide have usually similar results in identifying thyroid nodules, occasionally differences have been noted. We intended to observe that the thyroid nodules which appeared to be hot on pertechnetate and to compare them with the images by radioiodide. METHODS: 'I scan was performed to thirty-eight cases (mean age: 48.9 +/- 13.2) presenting as hot nodule on Tc scan. Thyroid function test and pathologic diagnosis were obtained in all patients. RESULTS: Of the 38 patients, 24 had euthyroidism, 13 had hyperthyroidism, and 1 had hypothyroidism. Thirty patients had adenomatous goiter, 4 papillary carcinoma, 3 Hashimotos thyroiditis, and 1 had HQrthle cell tumor. 28 of 38 patients showed similar images, but the remaining 10 patients(26.3%) revealed discordant images on Tc and 131I scan. Among the concordant cases, 23 had adenomatous goiter, 3 had papillary carcinoma, and 2 had Hashimotos thyroiditis. Among the discordant cases, 7 had adenomatous goiter, 1 had papillary carcinoma, 1 had Hashimotos thyroiditis, and 1 had HQrthle cell tumor. The incidence of malignancy was 10.7% of concordant cases, and 20% of discordant cases and was revealed statistically insignificant (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: We observed higher incidence of malignancy in patients presenting hot nodules on 99mTc scan than ever reported. Fine needle aspiration should be performed to all patients with hot nodules and the 'I scan would not be recommended for further diagnostic study.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Diagnosis ; Goiter ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Hypothyroidism ; Incidence ; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m ; Thyroid Function Tests ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule ; Thyroiditis

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: We evaluated a rapid preparation procedures for the labeling and quality control of 99mTc-ECD, MAG3, and MIBI using microwave heating and Sep-Pak cartridges. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 99mTc labeling of ECD, MAG3, and MIBI kit preparation was performed according to the package inserts with microwave heating modification. Heating time was 10-15 sec, and heating was performed with 3 mm plastic bottle with screw cap to prevent radiation contamination. Labeling efficiency was obtained with C18 or Alumina N Sep-Pak cartridges. RESULTS: The radiochemical purity of 93~96% for 99mTc-ECD and 95~99% for 99mTc-MIBI was obtained using Alumina N Sep-Pak cartridge. The optimum irradiation time of microwave method for 3 ml 99mTc-labeled radiopharmaceutical solution was 10 sec for 99mTc-ECD and 99mTc-MIBI, and 15 sec for 99mTc-MAG3. The RESULTS of quality control data with Sep-Pak cartridges were well correlated with TLC method. The total preparation time of these radiopharmcaeuticals was 5~6 min including quality control procedure. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that radiopharmaceuticals preparation by microwave heating and quality control by Sep-Pak cartridges can be efficiently utilized as an alternative to the recommended method by manufacturer's manual.
Aluminum Oxide ; Heating* ; Hot Temperature* ; Microwaves* ; Plastics ; Product Labeling ; Quality Control* ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide

We herein report a case of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in a 36-year-old male patient, who had a solitary nodular skin lesion on the left supraclavicular area. The histopathologic findings showed typical features of KS as spindle cell proliferation and vascular spaces lined with endothelial cells. The patient's serum was positive for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and he had opportunistic infection of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis. The WBC count was 1,200/mm3 and CD4 count was 50/mm3 with decreased CD4/CD8 ratio to 0.06. He died due to an aggravated respiratory infection.
Adult ; Antibodies ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Cell Proliferation ; Endothelial Cells ; HIV ; Humans ; Male ; Opportunistic Infections ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis ; Sarcoma, Kaposi* ; Skin ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

BACKGROUND: Granuloma annulare is a chronic skin disease of unknown origin, that can present itself with diverse clinical and histopathologic findings. But no clinicopathological studies has been reported yet in Korea. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to investigate the clinicopathological findings of each type of granuloma annulare. METHODS: We observed twenty two cases of granuloma annulare and examined their clinical manifestations and histopathological findings. RESULTS: The incidence showed a bimodal peak between 3 to 4 years and 49 to 51 years in age and females were affected twice as much as males. The lesions are commonly located on the distal portion of the extremities. In histopathologic findings, perforating type was observed in 13.6% and subcutaneous type in 18.2%. In collagen alteration, fragmentation and hyalinization were observed in 72.7% and 81.8% respectively. Most infiltrated cells were epithelioid cells. In vascular changes, endothelial swelling and occlusion of vessels were common findings and vasculitis was shown in 36.4%. CONCLUSION: There were not epidemiologic differences from the reported studies in western patients. But the clinical manifestation and the histopathologic findings were so varied that differential diagnosis is important in diagnosis of granuloma annulare. Immunological and immunohistochemical studies may be necessary for differential diagnosis and elucidating pathogenesis of granuloma annulare.
Collagen ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epithelioid Cells ; Extremities ; Female ; Granuloma Annulare* ; Granuloma* ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Skin Diseases ; Vasculitis

BACKGROUND: Differential diagnosis of keratoacanthoma(KA) from squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) is often difficult, especially when SCC has KA-like features(KA-like SCC). A number of recent studies have been attempted to separate these two entities with the use of immunohistochemical stains. But the results were inconsistent and the studies with KA-like SCC are rarely reported. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the expression patterns of p53 protein and Ki-67 antigen on KA and KA-like SCC using immunohistochemical staining method and to evaluate the usefulness of this method in distinguishing each other. METHODS: We performed immunoperoxidase staining(LSAB technique) using monoclonal antibody to p53 protein(PAb1801) and Ki-67 antigen(MIB1) on the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens obtained from 12 patients with KA, 8 patient with KA-like SCC, and 10 patients with well-differentiated SCC. RESULTS: The results were as follows; 1) There was a significant difference in the p53 expression between KA(25%) and SCC group (KA-like SCC=88%, SCC=100%). 2) Mean Ki-67 labeling index was slightly higher for SCC group(KA-like SCC=30.72%, SCC= 31.23%) than for KA(25.30%), but this difference was not statistically significant. 3) In Ki-67 expression, KA showed more pheriperal basal pattern(91%), whereas SCC group showed more diffuse pattern(77%). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that KA and SCC are distinct entities of different nature and that these immunohistochemical staining methods can be useful methods in differentiating KA-like SCC from KA.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Coloring Agents ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Keratoacanthoma* ; Ki-67 Antigen*