No Abstract Available.
Cataract* ; Corneal Opacity*

No abstract available.
Mesenteric Artery, Superior* ; Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome*

OBJECTIVES: Outbreaks of pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) occur every 3-4 years in Korea, most recently in 2011. The aim of our study was to determine the optimal time to perform indirect particle agglutination antibody assays to improve early diagnosis of MP pneumonia in children. METHODS: A database of 206 pediatric patients treated for pneumonia at the Hanyang University Hospital from June to October 2011 was analyzed retrospectively for demographic characteristics and laboratory test results. RESULTS: Among the 206 patients treated for pneumonia during the study period, there were 160 children (mean age, 5.44 years) diagnosed with MP pneumonia, who were studied further. The mean age of these MP pneumonia patients was 5.44 years. Antibody titers increased with increasing time between symptom onset and the collection of serum collection: MP titers were <1:640 for sera collected after 5.44 days and titers > or =1:640 for those collected after 8.58 days; P<0.001). Antibody titers were considered positive when they reached > or =1:640. In 42 MP pneumonia patients in whom there was a four-fold or greater increase in titer between successive serum samples, the optimal cut-off time-point for distinguishing between the initial and second titer groups was 7.5 days after the onset of symptoms (sensitivity, 90.5%; specificity, 92.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Negative MP antibody titers earlier than 8 days after the onset of symptoms in children with pneumonia may require repeating to confirm the diagnosis. This finding could optimize diagnosis and result in better therapeutic outcomes of MP pneumonia in children.
Agglutination ; Child ; Disease Outbreaks ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Korea ; Mycoplasma ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The relative merits of cartilage scoring versus suturing in techniques for correcting the prominent ear remains a subject of debate among leading plastic surgeons. We compared a variety of echniques for correcting the prominent ear in 72 rabbit ears using scoring, horizontal mattress sutures, and combination scoring and suturing. The ears were splinted with a right-angle fold for 3 postoperative weeks, and the animals were sacrificed after 8 weeks. Suturing techniques in combination with scoring maintained an angulation significantly closer to the desired 90 degrees than cartilage scoring or cartilage suturing only(p<0.05). Histological analysis demonstrated a significant increase in cartilage hyperplasia by suturing alone, whereas the other techniques achieved only mild to moderate increases. We recommend cartilage scoring and suturing through skin incision on severe degrees of prominent ear, and cartilage needle scoring and buried suturing through slit incision on mile-to-moderate degrees of prominent ear.
Animals ; Cartilage ; Ear* ; Hyperplasia ; Needles ; Rabbits* ; Skin ; Splints ; Sutures

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Osteoporosis* ; Uterine Prolapse*

Acute necrotizing encephalopathy is a recently established disease entity, proposed by Mizuguchi et al in 1995, that shows a characteristic symmetric and multifocal involvement of both thalamus, brainstem tegmentum, cerebral periventricular white matter, and cerebellar medulla. It is known to be prevalent in Japan and other Far Ease countries. The etiology of the acute necrotizing encephalopathy remains unknown. The typical course of acute necrotizing encephalopathy is the development of the irreversible neurologic symptoms related to brain lesions. The diagnosis can be made on the basis of the combination of a typical clinical profile and characteristic radiologic findings. We experienced a first case of acute necrotizing encephalopathy in a 9 month old boy in Korea. We report this case with the brief review of related literatures.
Brain ; Brain Stem ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Japan ; Korea ; Male ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Thalamus

Bonding orthodontic adhesive resins to glazed porcelain surface is not attainable. The aim of this investigation was to examine, in vitro, the effect of three methods of porcelain surface pretreatment on the shear bond strength of orthodontic adhesives, and to compare the shear strength of orthodontic bracket bonding to porcelain surface by the best results that to human enamel. Porcelain disks (Ceramco((TM)) and Vita((TM))) baked in the laboratory were roughened by sandpapers, #320, #600, #800, #1000 and #1200, and were pretreated with silane and dried at the various temperatures, room temperature, 50degreesC, 70degreesC and 90degreesC, and were etched by 3% hydrofluoric acid solution for 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 minutes, orthodontic adhesives (System 1 +((TM)) and Unite((TM))) were applied on them, and shear bond strengths were measured by Instron. The best results of pretreatment of each method were determined by the shear bond strengths. Again, porcelain disks were pretreated by the determined best results and human enamel were etched by 37% hydrofluoric acid solution, orthodontic brackets were bonded on them by the orthodontic adhesives, and the shear bond strengths were measured and compared between them. 1. Roughening porcelain surfaces with coarse sandpaper (#300) showed higher shear bond strength than that with finer sandpapers, but it (22.44 Kgf/cm2) was distinguishably low compared to that from etched human enamel (144.11 Kgf/cm2). 2. There were disparities in shear bond strengths upon the orthodontic resins, which was presumably related to the contents of fillers in orthodontic adhesive resins. Also there were disparities in shear bond strength upon the porcelains which had different composition. 3. Silane enhanced the shear bond strength of orthodontic resins to porcelain surfaces (25.20 Kgf/cm2 at 50degreesC), which was markedly low compared to that from etched human enamel. 4. Etched porcelain surface with 3% hydrofluoric acid solution for 1 to 9 minutes showed no difference in shear bonding strength of orthodontic adhesive resins. Shear bond strength from etched porcelain (97.43-120.72 Kgf/cm2) were as high as clinically available, but low compared to that from etched human enamel. 5. Roughening with #300 sandpaper and etching by 3% hydrofluoric acid followed silane application on porcelain surface showed lower shear bond strength than etched human enamel, but were as high as clinically useful. 6. The results suggest that etching porcelain surface by 3% hydrofluoric acid solution might provide comparatively high shear bond strength as much as clinically favorable.
Dental Cements ; Dental Enamel ; Dental Porcelain* ; Humans ; Hydrofluoric Acid ; Orthodontic Brackets ; Shear Strength

OBJECTIVES: We performed anterior spinal fusion and instrumentation in treatment of spinal tuberculosis. The clinical results of this operation and metal-related complications were evaluated to determine the rationale of anterior instrumentation in active tuberculous lesion. METHODS: From July 1989 to February 1993, we treated twenty-one patients with spinal tuberculosis by radical resection of the tuberculous lesion and bone grafting, followed by anterior instrumentation using Zielke rod system. The changes in spinal deformity were measured from lateral spinal radiographs obtained preoperatively and postoperatively at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and final follow-up. The recurrence of infection and possible complications were also observed clinically and radiologically. RESULTS: The mean kyphotic angle was decreased preoperatively from 21 degrees to 16 degrees at final follow-up in patients with thoracolumbar tuberculous lesions. The mean deformity angle was corrected 7 degrees in thoracolumbar tuberculosis and 12 degrees in lumbar tuberculosis compared with the preoperative deformity angle. There was not any persistence or recurrence of infection possibly related to the instrumentation. All patients were allowed early ambulation with the aid of a light brace. CONCLUSION: The clinical and radiological results suggested that the anterior instrumentation seemed to be one of the rational approaches for providing immediate stability in treating severe spinal tuberculosis without any significant risk of persistence or recurrence of infection.
Bone Transplantation ; Braces ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Early Ambulation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Spinal Fusion ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Spinal*

No abstract available.
Amnion* ; Endometriosis* ; Endometrium* ; Female