BACKGROUND: Antibiotic therapy has proven an effective method of treatment on the majority of patients with pyogenic lung abscess and infected bulla. When medical therapy has failed, pulmonary resection is the current generally recommended therapy. But nowdays complications of percutaneous tube drainage has decreased with the use of small catheter. So we evaluated the effect of percutaneous tube drainage as an alternative therapy to the pyogenic lung abscess and infected bulls refractory to medical therapy in preference of the pulmonary resection. METHOD: Nine cases of the lung abscess and three cases of infected bulls which has large cavity size over 6cm, and has underlying diseases such as lung cancer, diabetes mellitus, refractory to over 1 week of antibiotics, were performed percutaneous tube drainage with All Purpose Drainage catheter(Medi-tech, Watertown, USA) under fluoroscopy. RESULTS: All the cases except one case which complicated empyema was improved clinically. Fever was down within 4days of percutaneous tube drainage(mean : 1.9days). Mean duration of tube drainage was 9.9days. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous tube drainage is an effective and relatively safe procedure in the management of lung abscesses that do not response to medical therapy We speculate this procedure should be considered as an alternative therapy for the lung abscess refractory to medical therapy in preference to the surgery. The safety and effectiveness of this procedure in infected bulla should be evaluated with an additional study.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Catheters ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Drainage* ; Empyema ; Fever ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Lung Abscess* ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung*

No abstract available.
Anemia, Hemolytic* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Vitamin E* ; Vitamins*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Female* ; Humans ; Krukenberg Tumor*

The aim of this study was to investigate what is the most accurate and quick temperature measurement among rectal, auxiliary and tympanic routes. The body temperatures of 86 preterm infants in incubators, a controlled environment, were measured at three different sites. The measurements were taken to examine the accuracy of the temperatures, proper nursing time for measuring the temperatures and the validity of fever detection. The results were as follows : 1. The mean temperature was significantly lower in the auxiliary site(36.71degrees C) and higher in the tympanic site(37.27degrees C) than in the rectal site(37.03degrees C). 2. The mean nursing time for measuring body temperature was significantly longer in the auxiliary site(171.65 seconds) and shorter in the tympanic site(17.70 seconds) than in the rectal site(83.33 seconds). 3. The nursing time for measuring body temperature included the time needed for preparation, measuring, as well as the post-measuring time. It was found that the time required to prepare for measuring the temperature of the rectal site was significantly longer than for other sites. In addition, the time needed to measure the temperature of the auxiliary site was significantly longer than in the other sites. Finally, the nursing time needed for measuring the auxiliary temperature(171.65 seconds) was the longest among the three sites whereas the nursing time for the tympanic site was the shortest(17.70 seconds). 4. Rectal temperature was significantly correlated to the tympanic(r=0.67) and auxiliary temperatures(r=0.69). Tympanic temperature was also significantly correlated to the auxiliary temperature(r=0.74). 5. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of tympanic temperatures for detecting fever were 1.00, 0.80, 0.24, and 1.00, respectively. Those for the auxiliary temperatures were 0.00, 0.99, 0.00, and 0.94, respectively. Thus the level of fever detection was lower in the auxiliary temperatures than in tympanic temperatures. The above findings indicate that the tympanic method of temperature measurement offers a useful alternative to conventional methods.
Body Temperature ; Environment, Controlled ; Fever* ; Humans ; Incubators ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Nursing* ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge and attitudes of oncology nurses towards clinical trials and to provide evidence for the development of clinical trial education programs for oncology nurses. Methods: The study was conducted on 142 nurses who had more than six months of nursing experience working with cancer patients at a tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea. A structured questionnaire was used to measure the knowledge and attitudes of oncology nurses towards clinical trials. Results: The participants scored an average of 15.03±3.52 out of 19 in terms of knowledge about clinical trials. In terms of attitudes towards clinical trials, the participants scored an average of 5.91±1.37 out of 8. There was a significant positive correlation between the knowledge and attitudes of the participants towards clinical trials (r=.23, p=.007). Conclusion This study found that there was a relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of oncology nurses towards clinical trials. To improve the competency of oncology nurses and provide high-quality care to patients participating in clinical trials, more systematic and sustainable education is needed.

PURPOSE: This study was explored the experiences of the middle-aged women and tried to understand their lived experiences. METHOD: The data was collected from 9 participants living in Seoul from Sep. to Dec. 2003. Collection of data was by means of in-depth interviews. The analysis of the data was made the phenomenological analytic method suggested by Colaizzi(1978). RESULT: The 10 themes were extracted in this study ; sense of emptiness, repentance of one's past, decline of physical functions, lost one's youth, worry of children, thinking about future, importance of husband, importance of job, composure of mind, content with present life. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the helpful program should be developed and applied to extend positive lived experiences, and relieve or exclude negative lived experiences for the middle aged women.
Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Seoul ; Spouses ; Thinking

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy, Combination* ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute*

PURPOSE: A survey was done on knowledge and attitude toward CPR and provision of CPR education to nurses on general wards. METHOD: A survey of 280 nurses on general wards in four university hospitals with 700 beds or more in the city of Pusan was done. The data were collected from September 10, to September 22, 2007. RESULTS: The mean score for knowledge of Basic Life Support was 12.71 (mean converted to 100: 63). About 76% of the nurses believed that they had a responsibility to perform CPR, but 53.3% of the nurses were not confident to perform CPR. About 94% of the nurses had received education on CPR but 32.3% of those took it 6 to 12 years ago. About 41% of the nurses spent 3-4 hours for the education and 73.2% of those took simulation education. CONCLUSION: Although most of the nurses had received CPR education, they were not knowledgeable or confident. Therefore, better CPR education programs including up-dated knowledge are needed. More reinforced education should be offered every six months or on a yearly basis in order to enhance lasting efficiency.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Hospitals, University ; Patients' Rooms

Hemorrhoids are one of the commonest disorders specific to the human. However, the pathogenesis is not well understood so far. Anal submucosa is largely composed of blood vessels, loose connective tissue and smooth muscles, forming muscular network around the venous plexuses. We analyzed the distribution of smooth muscles in the hemorrhoidal tissues. Immunohistochemical stainings for desmin, vimentin, and Factor VIII related antigen were performed using six freshly frozen hemorrhoidal tissues. All of them were diagnosed as external hemorrhoids. Four anal tissues from Miles' operation specimen without hemorrhoids were used as normal controls. In all six cases, venous plexuses were variably dilated and smooth muscle cells were unevenly distributed. In minimally involved areas, there were relatively sufficient amount of perivascular smooth muscles which were arranged in their bundles. In contrast, only single scattered cells or very small amount of smooth muscle bundles were noted around the dilated vascular plexuses in severely affected areas. In two severe hemorrhoidal tissue samples, vascular plexuses were markedly dilated and only single scattered smooth muscle cells were seen. In conclusion, the total amount of smooth muscles in the submucosa of hemorrhoid tissue was reduced than those of the normal controls. The degree of hemorrhoidal dilation was inversely related to the amount of smooth muscles. However, causal relation between diminution of submucosal smooth muscles and venous dilation remains to be clarified.
Humans