Within the medial preoptic area[MPOA], several cytoarchitectonically defined cell groups are sexually dimorphic in their morphology. Specially, the sexual dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area[SDN-POA] is reported an example of a morphological sex difference in the rat hypothalamus which is influenced by gonadal steroid hormones. Thus, we detemined the distribution of Galanin-immunoreactive[Gal-I] cells and fibers within MPOA and their morphological response to gonadal steroids which is influenced by gonadectomy or prenatal restosterone treatments were observed. The Gal-I cells were appeared within the medial preoptic area. In the males, the volume and number of Gal-I nerve cell bodies were greater than that of females. But the female which treated prenatal testosterone injection had many Gal-I neurons than infact female. And the males that decreased the volume of gonadal hormone by gonadectomy were decreased the volume and number of Gal-I neurons than that of normal males. These results suggest that galaninergic cells within the medial preoptic area are influenced by gonadal steroid hormone[testosterone] in the regulation of sexually dimorphic function.
Animals ; Female ; Galanin* ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Gonads ; Humans ; Hypothalamus ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Neurons ; Preoptic Area* ; Rats* ; Sex Characteristics ; Steroids ; Testosterone*

The acardius occurs with an incidence of one in 35,000 births and is presumed to result hom vascular anastomosis between the arterial circulation of the hemodynamically larger ""pump"" twin and that of the recipient ""perfused"" twin. The perfused twin displays severe anomalies, typically referred to as acardia, that are incompatible with life. The pump twin, because of its expanded cardiac demand, may also deveolp cardiac failure, with a mortality risk of 50-70%. We experienced one case of acardiac-acephalus twin gestation diagnosed by antenatal ultrasonography, and presented this.
Heart Failure ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Twins* ; Ultrasonography*

The exposures to carbamate pesticides (BPMC specifically) of agricultural workers were estimated by collecting pesticide in air by personal sampler and by analyzing with gas chromatography. Data revealed that the highest BPMC concentration in the aspirated air was 7.7 mg/m3. Concentrations were generally higher in the group whose spray conditions were controlled than the group uncontrolled. Actual concentrations were relatively lower than the values predicted theoretically. These findings suggest that personal sampler be useful in the estimation of pesticide exposure.
Farmers ; Chromatography, Gas* ; Humans ; Pesticides ; Pilot Projects* ; Rural Health

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to nfluence of sequential embryo transfers in an invitro fertilization was examined. METHOD: After in vitro fertilization, a maximum of 6 fertilized oocytes was enrolled in this study. At day 3 after an oocytes retrieval, embryos with good quality were transferred (mean 4.9), remaining embryos (mean 2.0/cycle) were cryopreserved at blastocyst stage (Group 1). At day 5 after oocytes collection, second a embryos had reached the blastocyst stage (Group 2) using P1 supplemented with 10 SSS and 30% Follicular fluid. No statistical difference in the pregnancy rate could be seen between the group without a second embryo transfer (n=21; 28.6%) and the group with a second transfer (n=52; 28.8%). RESULTS: The incidence of multiple pregnancy rate per embryo transfer was not statistically different between both group and no high-rank multiple pregnancy (greater than triplete) were observed (o.9%, 15.4%, respectively, p=0.74, chi2). Out of 114 cycles (506 embryos) cultured embryos in group 2, 52 cycles (159 embryos, 29.8%) reached the blastocyst stage. CONCLUSION: The second transfer did not have a significant effect on the pregnancy rate. The most important factor for the pregnancy seems to be the quality of the embryos transferred on day 3 following oocyte retrieval. We recommend embryo transfer is performed only one, day 2~3 or D5.
Blastocyst ; Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Follicular Fluid ; Incidence ; Oocyte Retrieval ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Pregnancy, Multiple

No abstract available.
Esophagectomy* ; Stomach*

No abstract available.
Laparotomy* ; Sutures* ; Wound Infection* ; Wounds and Injuries*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Cholelithiasis* ; Diverticulum*

Six patients with twenty histologically proven neurilemmomas of the extremities were studied using magnetic resonance(MR) imaging. The size, number, signal intensity on spin-echo T1WI(TR 500-650ms/TE 14-25ms)and gradient -echo (TR 200-600ms/TE 14-20ms; flip angle 25-30)image, enhancement pattern, detectability of nerve of origin, nerve-lesion relationship, and presence of a capsule were analyzed. The masses ranged from 1 to 12cm in longitudinal diameter and originated from the median nerve, ulnar nerve, sciatic nerve, radial nerve, and tibial nerve. All the nerve tracts except for those of 5 lesions, which could not be detected due to their small diameter, were visualized as low intensity tubular structures. All visible nerve tracts were situated along the periphery of the lesion and this finding was considered to be specific for neurilemmona. All neurilemmomas were isointense with the surrounding muscle on spin-echo T1WI and hyperintense on gradient-echo image. After a GD-DTPA injection, all masses showed moderate or marked enhancement and more prominent inhomogeneity than that on nonenhanced scan. In 19 out of 20 lesions(95%), a low signal intensity capsule surrounding the masses could be seen. Four of the six patients showed multiple masses, which was unusual as neurilemmoma usually arises as a solitary mass. In conclusion, the MR findings, especially the eccentric location of the mass lesion from the nerve of origin and the presence of a capsule, were useful in making a diagnosis of neurilemmoma of the extremity and that multiple neurilemmomas were not uncommon.
Diagnosis ; Extremities* ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Median Nerve ; Neurilemmoma* ; Radial Nerve ; Sciatic Nerve ; Tibial Nerve ; Ulnar Nerve

The usefulness of microscopic examination of pure bile directly collected from the biliary tract during endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and without hormonal stimulation was evaluated in 86 patients. Cholesterol monohydrate crystal and/or calcium bilirubinate granule were observed in the bile of 64% of GB stones, 88% of CBD stones and l00% of IHD stones. But only 4% of non stone control group were positive crystals examinations. According to this results, microscopic examinations:of bile samples collected during endoscopic retrograde cholangiography exhibited a sensitivity and a specificity for cholelithiasis recognition of 82.3% and 95.8%, respectively, with a positive and negative predictive value of 98.1% and 67.6%, respectively. We conclude that microscopic bile examinations of bile samples collected during ERC is useful to investigate in patients with suspected cholelithiasis.
Bile* ; Biliary Tract ; Bilirubin ; Cholangiography* ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholelithiasis ; Cholesterol ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity