OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of tamsulosin on proliferation and apoptosis in prostatic cancer PC-3 cells. METHODS:After treated with 0 (blank control group),12.5,25 and 50 μmol/L tamsulosin (tamsulosin low,medium and high-concentration groups)for 48 h,the viability of PC-3 cells was detected by MTT method. Hoechst 33258 staining was used to detect cell apoptosis rate. Western blot was used to determine the expression level of Bax and Bcl-2 protein,and the phosphoryla-tion level of protein kinase B(Akt),mammalian target rapamycin(mTOR),ribosomal S6 protein kinase(p70S6K)and 4E bind-ing protein 1(4E-BP1). RESULTS:Compared with blank control group,PC-3 cells viability and the phosphorylation level of Akt, p70S6K and 4E-BP1 decreased in tamsulosin low,medium and high-concentration groups,while expression level of Bax protein in-creased (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the apoptosis rate of PC-3 cells was increased in tamsulosin medium and high-concentration groups,while the expression level of Bcl-2 and phosphorylation level of mTOR were decreased(P<0.01),in concentration-depen-dent manner. CONCLUSIONS:Tamsulosin can inhibit PC-3 cells proliferation and induce cell apoptosis via blocking Akt/mTOR signal pathway.

Drug therapy is one of the efficient methods for prostate cancer treatment. However, drug resistance greatly hindered the treatment of prostate cancer patients. Herein, the mechanisms of drug resistance in prostate cancer have been exhaustively reviewed, and that can provide an alternative strategy and new targets for anti-prostate cancer therapy.
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore tentatively the impact of occupational stress on sleep disorders.

METHODSninety three male freight train dispatchers participated in this study (response rate 80.87%). Sleep disorders, occupational stressors, personalities, and occupational strain response were measured with questionnaires.

RESULTSWorkers with high psychological demands, job stressors,depressive symptoms,physical symptoms, daily life stress, work locus of control had higher sleep disorders scores than their counterparts (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), workers with high job control had lower sleep disorders scores than their counterparts (P < 0.05). Sleep disorders were positively related to psychological demands, job stressors, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, daily life stress, state-anxiety, strait-anxiety, and susceptibility to stress (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), but negatively to job control and mental health (P < 0.05). Low job control, depressive symptoms, daily life stress and meaningless job were risk factors of sleep disorders.

CONCLUSIONThe sleep disorders are associated with some aspects of occupational stress among male freight train dispatchers.

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupations ; Railroads ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; epidemiology ; Stress, Psychological ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To evaluate the impact factors on weight and proportion of prostate tissue resected by transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods The patients undergoing TURP from January 2007 to June 2009 and diagnosed as BPH according to postoperative pathological results were enrolled in this study. The prostate volume measured by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), prostate specific antigen (PSA), maximum flow rate (MFR), residual urine volume and body mass index (BMI) were measured and calculated. The prostate tissue collected at resection was weighed, and the proportion of the prostate resected was the percentage of the pre-operative estimated weight. Results For the 458 patients with the average age of 69.5 years, average BMI was 24. 3 kg/m2 , PSA 6. 1 μg/ml, prostate volume 85.5 ml, MFR 8. 4ml/s, residual urine volume 31.8 ml, resected prostate weight 32.9 g, proportion of resection 37. 6%Prostate volume and BMI were positively related with resected prostate weight. BMI was positively related with proportion of prostate resection. There was no linear correlation between prostate volume and resected proportion. But there was significant difference in resected proportion between patients with prostate volume more than and less than 40 ml. Finasteride had no influence on the weight and resected proportion. Conclusions Prostate volume, PSA and BMI are correlated with weight and proportion of prostate tissue resected by TURP. Finasteride has no influence on the resected weight and proportion.

Background and purpose: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers. There were about 1.36 million new cases of colorectal cancer, which was the third highest incidence of malignant tu-mors of the world in 2012. It was the fourth leading cause of cancer death and became a serious threat to human health. The aim of the study was to estimate the colorectal cancer burden in Hebei Province with the data of cancer registries areas and analyze the trend of colorectal cancer mortality rates with three of the Hebei Province death retrospective surveys. Methods: Nine cancer registries in Hebei Province submitted cancer registry data from 2010 to 2012 to the Hebei Provincial Cancer Registry Center. The pooled data were stratified by gender and age (0, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14…80+). Proportions and incidence/mortality rates for colorectal cancer were calculated. Incidence and mortality rates were age-standardized to Chinese population census in 2000 and world Segi's population standard. Colorectal cancer mortal-ity data during the periods 1973-1975, 1990-1992 and 2004-2005 were extracted from the death retrospective surveys and analyzed. Mortality and incidence rate data from Cixian County from 1988 to 2012 and Shexian County from 2000 to 2012 were obtained in each county and analyzed using Joinpoint regression model. Results: The estimated number of newly diagnosed colorectal cancer cases and deaths from 2010 to 2012 in cancer registry areas of Hebei Provinc were 2303 and 1229, respectively. The crude incidence rate of colorectal cancer was 16.48/100000 (male 18.12/100000 and female 14.77/100000). The age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese population census (ASRC) in 2000 was 13.74/100000. The colorectal cancer mortality rate was 8.79/100000 (male 10.23/100000 and female 7.31/100000). The age-standardized mortality rate by Chinese population census (ASRC) in 2000 was 7.59/100000. The mortality rates of colorectal cancer displayed a significant increasing trend in Hebei Province from 1973-1975 to 2010-2012, with an increased rate of 28.03%. In Cixian County, the annual percentage change (APC) of colorectal cancer incidence rate was 3.55, while the APC of colorectal cancer mortality rate was 1.64 for males from 1988 to 2012. In Shexian County, the APC of colorectal cancer incidence rates were 4.68 and 9.17 for males and females from 2000 to 2012, respectively;the APC of colorectal cancer mortality was 5.61 for males in Shexian County. Conclusion: The incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer showed an increasing trend in Hebei Province over the past 40 years. It is an important task that colorectal cancer screening is strengthened to reduce morbidity and mortality of the colorectal cancer in Hebei Province.

Objective To explore the changes of serum gastrin(GAS),plasma motilin(MTL) and somatostatin(SST) in critically ill children with gastrointestinal dysfunction(GID).Methods According to pediatric critical illness score,75 cases were divided into greatly critical group(score90).Fifty cases of greatly critical and critical group were divided into GID group and non-GID group.The levels of serum GAS,plasma MTL and SST were detected on an empty stomach at acute stage and convalescence stage,comparing with those of normal control group,and then,the relationship between the levels of serum GAS,plasma MTL,SST and GID,the severity of disease were analyzed.Results At acute stage,the levels of serum GAS and plasma MTL of greatly critical group and critical group were higher than those of normal control group,the levels of plasma SST of greatly critical group and critical group were lower than that of normal control group,the more severe condition of critical children,the higher level of serum GAS and plasma MTL,the lower level of plasma SST.At convalescence stage,the level of serum GAS and plasma MTL of the greatly critical group and critical group decreased and the level of plasma SST increased.The levels of serum GAS and plasma MTL of GID group were higher than those of non-GID group,but the level of plasma SST of GID group was lower than that of non-GID group.Conclusion The level of serum GAS,plasma MTL and SST can be used to assess the severity of illness and prognosis,judge the change of disease and determine the efficacy of treatment programs,and detect gastrointestinal functional lesion.

Obective: To study the genetic diversity of Pinellia ternata. on the chemical composition. Method: Fifteen populations of Pinellia ternata. originated mostly from middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River valley were collected and cultivated in Weigang Experimental Farm of Nanjing Agricultural University with same cultural conditions, and contents in three types of index chemicals extracted from tubers of the populations have been compared continuously. Result and conlusion: The difference in contents of β-sitosterol and Val and Arg extracted from tubers of the populations has been observed, and those contents are also different with harvesting time. But the mean contents of each of the three types of chemicals in autumn are all higher than those in summer respectively.

AIM:To observe the effects of transection of right cervical sympathetic trunk(TCST)on inflam-matory response and expression of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in the rats af-ter acute myocardial infarction(AMI).METHODS: AMI model was established by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery in SD rats,then the model rats were randomly divided into MI group and MI +TCST group.MI+TCST model was performed by transection of right cervical sympathetic trunk after left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. The rats in MI group and MI+TCST group were divided into 1,3,7,14 and 28 d subgroups,and another sham operation group threading without ligation, with 8 rats in above each group.After modeling for 4 weeks, the cardiac function was measured by echocardiography.All rats were killed to harvest the hearts for mesuring cardiac hypertrophy index.The myo-cardial tissue close to infarction was observed with HE staining.The relative mRNA expression levels of HMGB1, tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)and interleukin(IL)-6 at different time points were detected by real-time PCR.The protein ex-pression of HMGB1 and TLR4 at different time points after AMI was determined by Western blot.The effect of transection of right cervical sympathetic trunk on the expressions of HMGB 1 and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway was also analyzed. RESULTS:Compared with the MI group,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and left ventricular shorterning fraction (LVFS)were significantly higher(P<0.05),left ventricular end-diastole dimension(LVEDd),left ventricular end-sys-tole dimension(LVESd)and cardiac hypertrophy index were significantly lower(P<0.05), and the mRNA levels of HMGB1,TNF-αand IL-6 decreased significantly in MI +TCST group(P<0.05).Western blot results revealed that the protein expression level of HMGB1 increased in the infarct border zone at 3 d,and reached its peak at 7 d,then gradually decreased,and at 28 d after MI in MI group was still significantly higher than that in sham group(P<0.05).The protein expression of TLR4 was consistent with that of HMGB1.Transection of right cervical sympathetic trunk reduced protein ex-pression of HMGB1 and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Transection of right cervical sympathetic trunk improves ventricular remodeling and maintaining cardiac function.The mechanism may be related to inhibiting HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway to reduce inflammatory response.

Adult ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome ; diagnosis ; Cesarean Section ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Infarction ; diagnosis ; Liver Diseases ; diagnosis ; Pregnancy

Objective To study the imaging apperances and the diagnostic value of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in differentiating histopathological types of small hepatocellular carcinoma (sHCC).Methods 40 sHCC confirmed by histopathology were classified into 4 groups according to their degree of differentiation:well (n=6),well-moderate (n=5),moderate (n=27) and moderate-poor (n =2).All patients received conventional MRI and DWI (1.5T,b =0 and 600 s/mm2) before the operation.The ADC values of the sHCC were measured and compared.Results On T1WI,32 lesions showed hypointensity,4 hyperintensity (well) and 4 isointensity (well-moderate =2,moderate =2).On T2WI,hyperintensity was observed in 39 lesions and isointensity in 1 lesion (well).Steatosis in the sHCC was seen in 17 of 40lesions (17/40,42.5 ％,well=4,well-moderate=1 and moderate=12).A pseudocapsule was seen in 67.5 ％ sHCC (27/40,well=4,well-moderate=3,moderate=18 and moderate-poor=2).32 lesions showed hypervascularity on arterial phase,and 8 lesions showed hypovascularity (well=3,moderate =4,moderate-poor=1).On DWI,37 lesions showed hyperintensity,except for 3 lesions with welldifferentiated sHCC which showed isointensity (50％,3/6).The mean ADC values±S.D.of sHCC in the well,well-moderate,moderate and moderate-poor groups were (1.757 ± 0.337) × 10-3,(1.917±0.574)×103,(1.816±0.545)×103 and (1.723±0.217)×10-3,respectively.There were no significant differences among the 4 groups.Conclusion The imaging appearances of wellmoderate,moderate and moderate-poor sHCC on conventional MRI were classical which make diagnosis easy.Hyperintensity on DWI contributed to diagnosis.However,the imaging appearances of some well-differentiated sHCC were atypical.The lesions could be isointensity or hyperintensity on DWI.The combination of conventional MRI and DWI contributed to better diagnosis of sHCC,especial for atypical sHCC.