No abstract available.
Humans* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms*

No abstract available.

Cardiac arrest associated with hyperkalemia during red blood cell transfusion is a rare but fatal complication. Herein, we report a case of transfusion-associated cardiac arrest following the initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in a 9-month old infant. Her serum potassium level was increased to 9.0 mEq/L, soon after the newly primed circuit with pre-stored red blood cell (RBC) was started and followed by sudden cardiac arrest. Eventually, circulation was restored and the potassium level decreased to 5.1 mEq/L after 5 min. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) priming is a relatively massive transfusion into a pediatric patient. Thus, to prevent cardiac arrest during blood-primed ECMO in neonates and infants, freshly irradiated and washed RBCs should be used when priming the ECMO circuit, to minimize the potassium concentration. Also, physicians should be aware of all possible complications associated with transfusions during ECMO.
Blood Transfusion ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Erythrocyte Transfusion ; Erythrocytes ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation* ; Heart Arrest* ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia* ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Potassium

From 1980 to 1989, 144 patients underwent radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. Survival was analyzed in terms of pathologic stage and histologic grade. Data revealed that M category was the most important prognostic factor followed by, in order of importance, T category, N category, and grade. But grade as prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma needs additional investigation. Stage pT1 and pT2 showed similar survival rate. The separation of pT1 and pT2 according to size of the primary tumor may not be a meaningful prognostic variable. Because vascular invasion may occur with tumors of various size, separating components into a description of the tumor (T), nodes (N), metastases (M) and renal vein involvements (V) makes good sense. The prognostic value of lymphadenectomy is limited by the fact that the tumor metastasizes through the blood stream and the lymphatic system with equal frequency.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymphatic System ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nephrectomy ; Renal Veins ; Rivers ; Survival Rate

From 1981 to 1987, 91 patients underwent radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. The regional lymph nodes were resected in 42 patients with disease localized to the kidney. The following results were obtained. 1. 5 year survival rates for patients with stage TlNOMO, T2NOMO and T3aNOMO were 100, 81.8 and 66.4 %, respectively, and for patients with stage T3bNOMO or regional lymph node involvement was 0 %. 2. The incidence of regional lymph node involvement in patients with stage T1, T2 and T3a was 0, 13.0 and 31.8%, respectively. 3. The extended lymphadenectomy for renal cell carcinoma was not proved to be more effective than radical nephrectomy only. 4. Staging was correct with computerized tomography in 71.0% of the lesions but stage T1 was determined correctly by computerized tomography in 100 % of patients. When the efficiency of computerized tomography and the possibility of regional lymph node involvement is considered, and extended lymphadenectomy is not a suggested addition to radical nephrectomy in patients with stage T1 renal cell carcinoma. In the future radioimmunoassay techniques or magnetic resonance imaging techniques may provide additional information in the evaluation of metastatic disease.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Nephrectomy ; Radioimmunoassay ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: Tension-free vaginal tape(TVT) procedure in patient with stress urinary incontinence has become a favorable technique to many urologists because it has many advantages including short duration of admission, low complication and high success rates. We performed TVT folding technique in 2 patients with failed TVT procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the 52 cases who have received TVT procedure in our institute, 2 patients with failed TVT procedure were received TVT folding technique. After midline incision in the anterior vaginal wall under local anesthesia, TVT was dissected from the periurethral tissue. Folding TVT with Z-shape with proper tension was done. RESULT: 2 patients who had received TVT folding technique since march 2001 in our institute became dry day and night after 3 months follow up. CONCLUSION: TVT folding technique shows a new promising technique in case of loosely placed TVT.
Anesthesia, Local ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Urinary Incontinence*

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic*

No abstract available.
Methemoglobinemia*

No abstract available.
Ambulatory Care Facilities* ; Humans ; Outpatients* ; Pharynx*