No abstract available.
Humans* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms*

No abstract available.

Cardiac arrest associated with hyperkalemia during red blood cell transfusion is a rare but fatal complication. Herein, we report a case of transfusion-associated cardiac arrest following the initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in a 9-month old infant. Her serum potassium level was increased to 9.0 mEq/L, soon after the newly primed circuit with pre-stored red blood cell (RBC) was started and followed by sudden cardiac arrest. Eventually, circulation was restored and the potassium level decreased to 5.1 mEq/L after 5 min. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) priming is a relatively massive transfusion into a pediatric patient. Thus, to prevent cardiac arrest during blood-primed ECMO in neonates and infants, freshly irradiated and washed RBCs should be used when priming the ECMO circuit, to minimize the potassium concentration. Also, physicians should be aware of all possible complications associated with transfusions during ECMO.
Blood Transfusion ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Erythrocyte Transfusion ; Erythrocytes ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation* ; Heart Arrest* ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia* ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Potassium

From 1980 to 1989, 144 patients underwent radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. Survival was analyzed in terms of pathologic stage and histologic grade. Data revealed that M category was the most important prognostic factor followed by, in order of importance, T category, N category, and grade. But grade as prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma needs additional investigation. Stage pT1 and pT2 showed similar survival rate. The separation of pT1 and pT2 according to size of the primary tumor may not be a meaningful prognostic variable. Because vascular invasion may occur with tumors of various size, separating components into a description of the tumor (T), nodes (N), metastases (M) and renal vein involvements (V) makes good sense. The prognostic value of lymphadenectomy is limited by the fact that the tumor metastasizes through the blood stream and the lymphatic system with equal frequency.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymphatic System ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nephrectomy ; Renal Veins ; Rivers ; Survival Rate

From 1981 to 1987, 91 patients underwent radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. The regional lymph nodes were resected in 42 patients with disease localized to the kidney. The following results were obtained. 1. 5 year survival rates for patients with stage TlNOMO, T2NOMO and T3aNOMO were 100, 81.8 and 66.4 %, respectively, and for patients with stage T3bNOMO or regional lymph node involvement was 0 %. 2. The incidence of regional lymph node involvement in patients with stage T1, T2 and T3a was 0, 13.0 and 31.8%, respectively. 3. The extended lymphadenectomy for renal cell carcinoma was not proved to be more effective than radical nephrectomy only. 4. Staging was correct with computerized tomography in 71.0% of the lesions but stage T1 was determined correctly by computerized tomography in 100 % of patients. When the efficiency of computerized tomography and the possibility of regional lymph node involvement is considered, and extended lymphadenectomy is not a suggested addition to radical nephrectomy in patients with stage T1 renal cell carcinoma. In the future radioimmunoassay techniques or magnetic resonance imaging techniques may provide additional information in the evaluation of metastatic disease.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Nephrectomy ; Radioimmunoassay ; Survival Rate

Nocturnal penile tumescence is very importent in differential diagnosis between psychogenic and organic impotence. NPT was assessed in 37 impotent patients and 8 normal potent patients. There was no discrepancy between psychogenic and control group, but some 4 case had slight reduced NPT. In all organic cases, the figures of frequency, degree and duration of NPT was significantly reduced. This method is not definite to differentiate impotent: 27% of psychogenic importent patients have reduced NPT. We use some complementary diagnostic tool to diagnose organic impotence: routine lab, snap gauge test, PDI, erection penogram, BCRL and SEP, hormonal test and MMPI etc. This method is useful to differentiate impotence, when used with other complementary method. It is promising, but further study is needed.
Diagnosis, Differential* ; Erectile Dysfunction* ; Humans ; Male ; MMPI ; Penile Erection*

Our investigation was performed to define the effects of diabetes on the prostate and the seminal vesicle in the male rat. The histologic and functional alterations of the prostate and the seminal vesicle were examined in the control and the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The most striking findings were the variable reduction in size and the gross atrophy of the prostates and the seminal vesicles from diabetic rats. Diabetic rats experienced a significant loss in total body weight relative to controls. The weight of the prostates and the seminal vesicles was markedly reduced in diabetic rats relative to controls and the rate of weight reduction of the prostate and the seminal vesicle was more severe than that of total body weight reduction. Prostate specific antigen was significantly reduced but seminal fructose was elevated in the diabetic rat. In the prostate and the seminal vesicle of the diabetic rat, there are both histologic and functional abnormalities which may be responsible for reproductive dysfunction.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Body Weight ; Fructose ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Rats* ; Seminal Vesicles* ; Streptozocin ; Strikes, Employee ; Weight Loss

From December 1986 to August 1988, three patients with early prostatic cancer diagnosed primarily by fine needle aspriation cytology and/or Tru-cut needle biopsy underwent potency preserving radical retropubic prostatectomy. Herin we report the results and associated problems. Most difficulty was the diagnosis of the early prostatic cancer. We used fine needle aspiration cytology to diagnose the prostatic cancer primarily. One case of class V on the preoperative cytologic examination has proved to be BPH with chronic prostatitis postoperatively. Another problem was possibility of major bleeding intraoperatively, and complications were uncommon and not serious.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Biopsy, Needle ; Diagnosis ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Needles ; Prostatectomy* ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Prostatitis

From December 1986 to August 1988, three patients with early prostatic cancer diagnosed primarily by fine needle aspriation cytology and/or Tru-cut needle biopsy underwent potency preserving radical retropubic prostatectomy. Herin we report the results and associated problems. Most difficulty was the diagnosis of the early prostatic cancer. We used fine needle aspiration cytology to diagnose the prostatic cancer primarily. One case of class V on the preoperative cytologic examination has proved to be BPH with chronic prostatitis postoperatively. Another problem was possibility of major bleeding intraoperatively, and complications were uncommon and not serious.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Biopsy, Needle ; Diagnosis ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Needles ; Prostatectomy* ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Prostatitis