No abstract available.
Fertilization in Vitro* ; Superovulation*

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to assess the value of resistance index(RI) and pulsatility index(PI) to differentiate between benign and malignant ovarian tumors by color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound. METHODS: 129 ovarian tumors identified with ultrasound were referred for color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound evaluation to calculate the lowest RI and PI, and the corresponding histopathologic diagnosis was recorded. RESULTS: The intratumor artery waveforms were obtained in 37.1%(36 of 97) of benign tumors and in 91.0%(29 of 32) of the malignant group. RI and PI were lower in malignant tumors than in benign tumors(p<0.01). Also, there was a significant incremental decrease in both indices value from the benign tumor toward borderline malignancy(p<0.05) and to invasive ovarian cancer(p<0.01). But, there was no significant difference in both indices value according to the FIGO stage of ovarian malignancy. For RI cut-off value of 0.6, sensitivity and specificity were 89.7% and 91.7%; for PI cut-off value of 1.1, 86.2% and 91.7%. Therefore, the most accurate cut-off values of RI and PI were 0.6 and 1.1, respectively. CONCLUSION: RI and PI calculated by color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound can help in the diagnosis and selection of treatment plan of ovarian tumors, especially when the morphological finding of ovarian tumor is equivocal. And during the follow up of benign tumors, both indicies can give us the clue of malignant potential of benign tumors.
Arteries ; Diagnosis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ovarian Neoplasms* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography

In Asia, mammography following the injection of foreign materials into the breasts for cosmetic augmentation is frequently seen and diagnosis based on the typical radiologic findings is straightforward. We report the unusual radiologic findings in two patients with foreign body granulomas caused by injected foreign materials and discovered incidentally during screening work up. The mammographic findings were bilateral, hyperdense, spiculated masses, with occasional microcalcification, and at sonography, markedly hypoechoic, spiculated solid masses, located near the pectoralis muscle and partly extending into it, were observed. These radiologic findings mimicked malignancy.
Breast Neoplasms/radiography ; Case Report ; Cholesterol ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Esthetics ; Female ; Granuloma, Foreign-Body/etiology/*radiography/*ultrasonography ; Human ; Injections/adverse effects ; Mammography ; Middle Age ; Paraffin

No abstract available.
Leydig Cell Tumor*

Trichoblastoma includes all benign follicular germinative cell tumors in skin. We presented a case of trichoblastoma which occurred on the scalp as a large pedunculated tumor. The tumor was composed of lobular aggregations of basaloid epithelial cells and numerous primitive papillary mesenchymal bodies. Stromal retraction was observed between the stroma adjacent to epithelial nests and surrounding normal dermis. Focal connection to the overlying epidermis was observed. The classification and terminology for the benign neoplasms with follicular differentiation was discussed.
Classification ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Epithelial Cells ; Scalp ; Skin

No abstract available.
Lymphoma, T-Cell* ; T-Lymphocytes*

BACKGROUND: Although rare, paralysis secondary to spinal cord ischemia after aortic aneurysm surgery is a devastating complication. Many papers have been published on this topic but without a clear consensus on the best way of minimizing the problem. Mild hypothermia and lamotrigine have been neuroprotective in several models of cerebral ischemia. In this study we compared the effects of mild hypothermia and the lamotrigine on neurologic and histopathologic outcomes, and inflammatory gene expression in transient spinal ischemia. METHODS: Rats were anesthetized with halothane, and divided into 4 groups; the Sham-operated (S) group; the Normothermic ischemic (N) group; the Hypothermic ischemic (H) group; and the Lamotrigine- treated (L) group. Spinal ischemia was produced by induced hypotension and thoracic aortic cross clamping. After spinal ischemia neurologic scores were assessed at 1, 2, 3, 24, and 48 hours after reperfusion. After 48 hours the rats were euthanized and their spinal cords were removed for histopathologic assessment. Also, spinal cords were removed at 1, 3, and 48 hours after reperfusion for the assay of TNF-alpha, IL-1 mRNA. RESULTS: The neurologic scores of the H group were significantly lower than from the N group. There was no significant difference between the L group and the N group. The histopathologic scores in the H and L groups were significantly lower than in the N group, and the histopathologic scores of the L group were higher than those of the H group. The TNF-alpha and IL-1 gene expression was increased in the N group. In the H group, the gene expression was significantly less than in the N group. The L group was not significantly different than N group in gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: The inflammatory gene expressions were increased in transient spinal ischemia. Hypothermia was neuroprotective in transient spinal ischemia. However, the lamotrigine showed only partial neuroprotective effects in transient spinal ischemia.
Animals ; Aortic Aneurysm ; Brain Ischemia ; Consensus ; Constriction ; Gene Expression* ; Halothane ; Hypotension ; Hypothermia* ; Interleukin-1 ; Ischemia* ; Neuroprotective Agents* ; Paralysis ; Rats* ; Reperfusion ; RNA, Messenger ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Ischemia ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Fibrotic lesions occurring in the corpus cavernosum are usually cases of Peyronie's disease that originate from the tunica albuginea, or they are the fibrotic result of inflammatory processes. The lesion involving the corpus cavernosum, but not tunica albuginea is rare. We present here a case of fibrotic nodule arising in the corpus cavernosum with the sonographic and magnetic resonance imaging features. A 38-year-old man complained a small nodular mass in the left corpus cavernosum at the level of penoscrotal junction without abnormal curvature of the organ. We performed ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging to determine exactly what the lesion was. The lesion was removed and it was pathologically found to be a localized fibrotic nodule of the corpus cavernosum with some narrow-channeled vascular structures.
Adult ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Penile Induration ; Penis ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: Tumor volume has been thought to be an important predictive factor for significant prostate cancer. We assessed the impact of the tumor volume(TV) and the tumor percentage(TP) of radical prostatectomy specimens on the pathological variables and the oncological outcome. MARERIALS AND METHODS: The tumor percentage and tumor volume were calculated for 525 cases by a single pathologist who determined the volume based on the surface area of the slides involved by tumor of the prostate. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to characterize the association of TP categories(<5%, 5-10%, 11-20% and >20%) and TV(<1.8cc, 1.8-3.7cc, 3.8-7.5cc, >7.5cc) with the clinicopathological variables. Biochemical recurrence(BCR) was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox's hazard regression model. RESULTS: The mean prostate cancer volume was 6.5+/-8.5cc(median: 3.8, range: 0.04-73.8) and the mean percent tumor composition was 0.17+/-0.19 (median: 0.1, range: 0.01-0.95). A higher tumor volume and a higher tumor percentage were associated with extra-capsular extension(ECE), a positive surgical margin(PSM), a higher pT stage and a higher prostate-specific antigen(PSA) Gleason score(all p<0.05). In addition, TP was the independent predictor of ECE(adjusted odds ratio(OR): 22.66, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.801-285.079, p=0.016), but the tumor volume was not associated with ECE on the multivariate logistic analyses. On the Kaplan-Meier analysis, but not on the Cox-hazard analyses, the TP did demonstrate a significant association with biochemical recurrence(p=0.035), yet the TV did not reach statistical significance(p=0.190). CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicates that the tumor percentage had a significant effect on the BCR on the Kaplan-Meier analysis. The tumor percentage rather than the tumor volume might be more useful to predict the prognosis of prostate cancer.
Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Logistic Models ; Prognosis ; Prostate ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Recurrence ; Tumor Burden