1.Discussion about risk and management of Chinese patent medicine with double identity.
Yun JIN ; Sai-wei WU ; Xing-wang GAO ; Dan-hua XU ; Yong-song ZHAI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2015;40(11):2249-2251
Chinese patent medicine with double identity was a special phenomenon, and many preparations not only were prescription drugs but also over the counter ( OTC) drugs, which brought a lot of trouble. Based on statistics of list of OTC medicines of CFDA, related varieties, route of administration and functions of these drugs were searched. The causes of insufficient were analyzed and the potential risk was investigated. To ensure the safety of drug usage for the patient, risk management system should be set up by improving the technical requirements for registration, improving the drug labels and manuals, playing the role of pharmacists in pharmacy services and raising awareness of doctor and patient for these drugs.
China
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Humans
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Nonprescription Drugs
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adverse effects
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Risk Management
2.Investigation and analysis on the first case of human infected with avian influenza (H5N6) in Anhui Province
Jin ZHANG ; Sai HOU ; Jia-Bin WU ; Yong-Lin SHI ; Jun HE ; Guang-Jian WU ; Zhi-Cai XIA
Chinese Journal of Zoonoses 2018;34(2):188-191
We analyzed epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the case of human infected with avian influenza (H5N6) in Anhui Province and provided evidences for drawing up the prevention and control measures.We did an epidemiolog ical investigation on the case,close contacts and infection source of the infected case;relevant specimens were collected and tested in laboratories.The data gathered were analyzed with descriptive epidemiology method.The first case of human infected with avian influenza (H5N6) in Anhui was a single case and did not showed signs of human-to-human transmission.The early clinical manifestations and signs was lack of specificity.This case had definite contact with sick/dead poultry one week before the onset of the disease.Two environmental specimen of live poultry market which was the source of sick/dead poultry had been detected and the results were H5N6 positive.This case was a local infection case and contacting with sick/dead poultry was the source of infection,while there was no evidence of human to human transmission.
4.Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: A New Method for Reversing Skin Aging
Jin-Yan WU ; Sai-Nan WU ; Li-Ping ZHANG ; Xian-Sheng ZHAO ; Yue LI ; Qu-Yang YANG ; Ruo-Yue YUAN ; Jian-Lan LIU ; Hong-Ju MAO ; Ning-Wen ZHU
Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 2022;19(5):961-968
Senescence is an inevitable natural life process that involves structural and functional degeneration of tissues and organs. Recently, the process of skin aging has attracted much attention. Determining a means to delay or even reverse skin aging has become a research hotspot in medical cosmetology and anti-aging. Dysfunction in the epidermis and fibroblasts and changes in the composition and content of the extracellular matrix are common pathophysiological manifestations of skin aging. Reactive oxygen species and matrix metalloproteinases play essential roles in this process. Stem cells are pluripotent cells that possess self-replication abilities and can differentiate into multiple functional cells under certain conditions. These cells also possess a strong ability to facilitate tissue repair and regeneration. Stem cell transplantation has the potential for application in anti-aging therapy. Increasing studies have demonstrated that stem cells perform functions through paracrine processes, particularly those involving exosomes. Exosomes are nano-vesicular substances secreted by stem cells that participate in cell-to-cell communication by transporting their contents into target cells. In this chapter, the biological characteristics of exosomes were reviewed, including their effects on extracellular matrix formation, epidermal cell function, fibroblast function and antioxidation. Exosomes derived from stem cells may provide a new means to reverse skin aging.
5.Relationship between alpha- and beta-isoform of corticosteroid receptors and corticosteroid resistant allergic rhinitis.
Hong LUO ; Neng-bing YAN ; Ping-fan ZENG ; Jin-jun LIANG ; Guo-hui WU ; Sai-xiong KE ; Peng-ju WANG ; Jin-yun WANG
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 2007;42(9):650-653
OBJECTIVETo clarify the relationship between the expression of alpha- and beta-isoform of corticosteroid receptors (CS) in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and response to corticosteroid in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).
METHODSSemi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of CS-alpha, beta in PBMC in patients with AR and to observe the different responses to corticosteroid in controls. Immunocytochemical assay was used to detect the expression of protein of CS-alpha and CS-beta.
RESULTS1) The expression of CS-alpha mRNA was detected in the sensitive group and the resistant group of patients with AR and the controls with CS-alpha/GAPDH mRNA (x +/- s) 1.15 +/- 0.75, 1.63 +/- 0.78, 1.27 +/- 0.51 respectively. 2) The expression of CS-beta mRNA in PBMC in the resistant group of patients with AR was significantly higher than that in the sensitive group and the controls (P < 0.05), with CS-beta/GAPDH mRNA 1.42 +/- 0.73, 0.82 +/- 0.59, 0.80 +/- 0.68 respectively. 3) The number of CS-beta-positive PBMC in the resistant group was significantly higher than that in the sensitive group and the controls (P < 0.01), with the number of CS-beta-positive PBMC 28.8% +/- 9. 9%, 5.9% +/- 3.2%, 5.5% +/- 6.8% respectively.
CONCLUSIONSIt is shown that the excessive expression of CS-beta may serve as a novel predictor of corticosteroid resistance in patients with AR.
Adolescent ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; pharmacology ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Drug Resistance ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Protein Isoforms ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Receptors, Steroid ; metabolism ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Young Adult
6.The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment among residents aged 55 or over in Chengdu area.
Chang-jian QIU ; Mu-ni TANG ; Wei ZHANG ; Hai-ying HAN ; Jing DAI ; Jiang LU ; Sai WU ; Shuang-hong WANG ; Jian-min CHEN ; Lin-jin GUO ; Yu-qiong DING ; Sheng-xian LI ; Xie-he LIU
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2003;24(12):1104-1107
OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the urban and the rural areas in Chengdu, Southwest China.
METHODSResidents aged 55 or over were selected by stratified random cluster sampling from 19 districts, cities, and counties of Chengdu area in Sichuan province. A two-stage survey was carried out. In the first stage, CMMSE, CES-D were used as screening instruments. In the second stage, Diagnostic questionnaires of dementia and CDR were used as diagnostic instruments. The diagnostic criteria of mild cognitive impairment adopted from Petersen's were: (1) memory complaint; (2) normal activities of daily living; (3) normal general cognitive function; (4) memory impairment incompatible with age; (5) not demented; (6) CDR = 0.5 and (7) exclusion of the reversible cognitive impairment caused by other factors (i.e. depression).
RESULTSThree thousand, nine hundred and ten subjects were examined. The prevalence rates of MCI was 2.4%. The MCI prevalence rates in the urban and the rural areas were 1.5%, 2.5% respectively, without significant difference. The MCI prevalence in males and females were 1.8%, 2.9% respectively. Prevalence rate in female was higher than in males with significant difference. Prevalence of illiteracy (4.0%) was the highest among different educational levels. The accumulated prevalence increased with age.
CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of MCI (2.4%) was slightly higher than the prevalence of AD (2.05%) in the same areas of Chengdu. MCI seemed to be a high risk factor for AD which should to be followed up. Early intervention in MCI might be helpful in the prevention of AD.
Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Cognition Disorders ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Random Allocation ; Residence Characteristics ; statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Social Class
7.Vascular protective effects of aqueous extracts of Tribulus terrestris on hypertensive endothelial injury.
Yue-Hua JIANG ; Jin-Hao GUO ; Sai WU ; Chuan-Hua YANG
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines (English Ed.) 2017;15(8):606-614
Angiotensin II (Ang II) is involved in endothelium injury during the development of hypertension. Tribulus terrestris (TT) is used to treat hypertension, arteriosclerosis, and post-stroke syndrome in China. The present study aimed to determine the effects of aqueous TT extracts on endothelial injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and its protective effects against Ang II-induced injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). SHRs were administered intragastrically with TT (17.2 or 8.6 g·kg·d) for 6 weeks, using valsartan (13.5 mg·kg·d) as positive control. Blood pressure, heart rate, endothelial morphology of the thoracic aorta, serum levels of Ang II, endothelin-1 (ET-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were measured. The endothelial injury of HUVECs was induced by 2 × 10 mol·L Ang II. Cell Apoptosisapoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was assessed. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), ET-1, SOD, and MDA in the cell culture supernatant and cell migration were assayed. The expression of hypertension-linked genes and proteins were analyzed. TT decreased systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, mean arterial pressure and heart rate, improved endothelial integrity of thoracic aorta, and decreased serum leptin, Ang II, ET-1, NPY, and Hcy, while increased NO in SHRs. TT suppressed Ang II-induced HUVEC proliferation and apoptosis and prolonged the survival, and increased cell migration. TT regulated the ROS, and decreased mRNA expression of Akt1, JAK2, PI3Kα, Erk2, FAK, and NF-κB p65 and protein expression of Erk2, FAK, and NF-κB p65. In conclusion, TT demonstrated anti-hypertensive and endothelial protective effects by regulating Erk2, FAK and NF-κB p65.
Angiotensin II
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metabolism
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Animals
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Antihypertensive Agents
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administration & dosage
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Apoptosis
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drug effects
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Blood Pressure
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drug effects
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Endothelium, Vascular
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drug effects
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metabolism
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Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
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drug effects
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Humans
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Hypertension
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drug therapy
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genetics
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metabolism
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physiopathology
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Male
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NF-kappa B
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genetics
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metabolism
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
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genetics
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metabolism
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Oxidative Stress
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drug effects
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Plant Extracts
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administration & dosage
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
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genetics
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metabolism
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Rats
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Rats, Inbred SHR
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Rats, Inbred WKY
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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metabolism
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Tribulus
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chemistry
8.Analysis of Characteristics and Relevant Factors of 1 340 Cases of Intentional Injury Cases in Southwest China.
Wu LONG ; Chun Mei HU ; Si Si LI ; Song Lin XIE ; Jin Sai WU ; Lin Cong LI ; Chun Yue JIANG ; Bo JIN
Journal of Forensic Medicine 2019;35(4):433-436
Objective To investigate the characteristics and patterns of factors such as victims' information, injury tools and time of occurrence of intentional injury cases in southwest China. Methods One thousand three hundred and forty intentional injury cases from several places in southwest China from 2014 to 2016 assessed as minor injury level Ⅱ and above had been randomly selected. Data on victims' information, motives, injury tools, sites of occurrence, time of occurrence, injured parts and degrees of injury were classified and gathered, and then association analyses of motives and types of injury tools as well as degrees of injury and injury tools were made. Results Most of the victims were young adults between 20-50 years (65.2%), male (82.3%), rural household registration (62.8%); the motives were mainly dispute (45.8%). Injury tools were mostly blunt (54.6%) or sharp (36.0%). Specifically, injuries were mostly made bare-handed (36.9%) and by cutting tools (33.2%); the cases mainly occurred in public areas (59.0%). Cases occurred more frequently in January (11.3%), February (13.1%), March (11.6%) and from 22:00 to 01:00 every night. Injuries mainly involved the craniofacial region. The wounds were mainly assessed as minor injury level Ⅱ (61.6%). There was statistical significance in the difference of types of injury tools among cases with different motives (P<0.05). There was statistical significance in the difference of the distribution of injury tools among cases with different degrees of injury (P<0.05). Conclusion The occurrence of intentional injury cases in southwest China has potential patterns and relevant influencing factors. Prevention and analysis of such cases need to be comprehensively considered from the aspects such as victims' information, injury tools and time of occurrence.
Adult
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Age Distribution
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China
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Motivation
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Retrospective Studies
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Sex Distribution
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Violence
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Wounds and Injuries/etiology*
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Young Adult
9.Excessive fluoride increases the expression of osteocalcin in the mouse testis.
Jian-Hua QIN ; Aierken DILINUER ; Shataer SAIMIRE ; Aierken KALIBINUER ; Mahemuti YUSUFU ; Aili YIRIZHATI ; Sai-Sai CUI ; Maimaitiming NUERSIMANGULI ; Wu-Jin CHEN ; Sheng-Bin BAI
National Journal of Andrology 2017;23(9):782-785
Objective:
To observe the influence of excessive fluoride on the levels of osteocalcin and testosterone in the testis of the male mouse.
METHODS:
Twenty-four C57BL/6J male mice were equally randomized into a normal control and a fluorosis model group, the former fed on distilled water while the latter on a solution of sodium fluoride (100 mg/L) in distilled water, both for 12 weeks. Then, the level of osteocalcin in the testis tissue was measured with the immunohistochemical streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) method and those of osteocalcin and testosterone in the serum determined by ELISA.
RESULTS:
After 12 weeks of fluoride intervention, the level of serum osteocalcin was significantly higher in the fluorosis models than in the normal controls ([68.05 ± 5.32] vs [47.50 ± 5.73] pg/mL, F = 11.901, P = 0.008), while that of testosterone markedly lower in the former than the latter group ([8.07 ± 1.35] vs [12.94 ± 3.09] ng/mL, F = 2.313, P = 0.006). The results of immunohistochemical SP showed the expression of osteocalcin in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of the fluorosis models, which was evidently higher than in the normal controls.
CONCLUSIONS
Twelve-week intake of 100 mg/L fluoride solution can decrease the level of testosterone and increase the expression of osteocalcin in the testis of the male mouse.
Animals
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Fluoride Poisoning
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metabolism
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Fluorides
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toxicity
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Osteocalcin
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metabolism
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Random Allocation
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Sodium Fluoride
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toxicity
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Testis
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drug effects
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metabolism
10.Best practices on immunomodulators and biologic agents for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in Asia
Choon Jin OOI ; Ida HILMI ; Rupa BANERJEE ; Sai Wei CHUAH ; Siew Chien NG ; Shu Chen WEI ; Govind K MAKHARIA ; Pises PISESPONGSA ; Min Hu CHEN ; Zhi Hua RAN ; Byong Duk YE ; Dong Il PARK ; Khoon Lin LING ; David ONG ; Vineet AHUJA ; Khean Lee GOH ; Jose SOLLANO ; Wee Chian LIM ; Wai Keung LEUNG ; Raja Affendi Raja ALI ; Deng Chyang WU ; Evan ONG ; Nazri MUSTAFFA ; Julajak LIMSRIVILAI ; Tadakazu HISAMATSU ; Suk Kyun YANG ; Qin OUYANG ; Richard GEARY ; Janaka H DE SILVA ; Rungsun RERKNIMITR ; Marcellus SIMADIBRATA ; Murdani ABDULLAH ; Rupert WL LEONG ;
Intestinal Research 2019;17(3):285-310
The Asia-Pacific Working Group on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was established in Cebu, Philippines, under the auspices of the Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology with the goal of improving IBD care in Asia. This consensus is carried out in collaboration with Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis. With biologic agents and biosimilars becoming more established, it is necessary to conduct a review on existing literature and establish a consensus on when and how to introduce biologic agents and biosimilars in the conjunction with conventional treatments for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) in Asia. These statements also address how pharmacogenetics influence the treatments of UC and CD and provide guidance on response monitoring and strategies to restore loss of response. Finally, the review includes statements on how to manage treatment alongside possible hepatitis B and tuberculosis infections, both common in Asia. These statements have been prepared and voted upon by members of IBD workgroup employing the modified Delphi process. These statements do not intend to be all-encompassing and future revisions are likely as new data continue to emerge.
Adalimumab
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Asia
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Asian Continental Ancestry Group
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Biological Factors
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Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals
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Colitis
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Colitis, Ulcerative
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Consensus
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Cooperative Behavior
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Crohn Disease
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Gastroenterology
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Hepatitis B
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Humans
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Immunologic Factors
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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
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Infliximab
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Pharmacogenetics
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Philippines
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Practice Guidelines as Topic
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Tuberculosis
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Ulcer