This study was designed to investigate the effect of local hyperthermia on contact hypersensitivity (CHS) and elucidate it's mechanism through assessment of number of epidermal LCs and transfer of spleen cells. Depilated dorsal skin of mouse was immersed into controlled water bath at 52 ℃ for 30 seconds in vivo. The number of epidermal LCs was counted by adenosine triphosphate staining, and CHS to 2,4-dinitro-l-fluorobenzene was assessed by ear swelling and transfer of spleen cells. The number of LCs was significantly reduced 1 to 3 days after the hyperthermia treatment and recovered to normal 5 days after the treatment. CHS was significantly suppressed in mice sensitized 5,7, or 10 days after hyperthermia treatment, but the suppression was meager in mice sensitized 1 or 3 days after the treatment. There is a discord between the number of LCs and degree of CHS. When mice received spleen cells from hyporesponsive donors, CHS was remarkably sup-pressed in the recipient mice compared with positive control. These findings suggest that tfeatment of local hyperthermia suppress CHS in mice, which may be associated with the induction of suppressor cells. The nature of the discord between the the number of LCs and degree of CHS in this investigation remains to be cleared by further studies.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Animals ; Baths ; Dermatitis, Contact* ; Ear ; Fever* ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; Langerhans Cells* ; Mice* ; Skin ; Spleen ; Tissue Donors ; Water

No abstract available.

Leiomyomas of vagina and vulva are rare solid tumors, but most common mesenchymal tumors in adult woman. Most of the reported cases have been benign. The tumors were firm, well-defined submucosal masses in a majority of patients. We experienced two cases of vulvar and vaginal leiomyoma, thus it is presented with a brief review of the cases and its literatures.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Vagina* ; Vulva*

OBJECTIVE: The authors report a retrospective analysis of the clinical effect of dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) lesioning for neuropathic intractable pain. METHODS: Fourteen patients who underwent dorsal root entry zone lesioning for various types of pain between September 1995 and August 2001 were evaluated retrospectively. Eleven male and three female patients whose ages ranging from 35 to 70 were studied. According to causes of intractable pain, patients were divided into paraplegic pain(7 patients), peripheral nerve injury pain(3), cancer pain(3), phantom limb pain(1) and root avulsion pain(1). Other preoperative pain managements showed no benificial effects. The changes in painful symtoms were closely observed during follow up period. The mean follow period after operation was 32.4 months. RESULTS: Postoperatively, the decrease in level of pain was classified into four groups : excellent, good, fair, poor. Excellent represented no pain without medication : Good, pain tolerable with non-opiate medicine ; Fair, pain tolerable with opiate medicine ; Poor, pain sustained. After operation, three patients were in excellent group, eight in good, one in fair, and two in poor. Twelve patients were in medically tolerable pain group accounting for 85.7%. There were no serious operation releated side effects. CONCLUSION: DREZ lesioning, in our series, provided substantial pain relief and this may be considered an option in management of these types of intractable neuropathic pain.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neuralgia ; Pain Management ; Pain, Intractable* ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; Phantom Limb ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Nerve Roots*

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the surgical results and prognostic factors for patients with soft cervical disc herniation with myelopathy. METHODS: During the last 7 years, 26 patients with cervical discogenic myelopathy were undertaken anterior discectomy and fusion. Clinical and radiographic features were reviewed to evaluate the surgical results and prognostic factors. The clinical outcome was judged using two grading systems (Herkowitz's scale and Nurick's grade). RESULTS: Male were predominant (4:1), and C5-6 was the most frequently involved level. Gait disturbance, variable degree of spasticity, discomfort in chest and abdomen, hand numbness were the most obvious signs. Magnetic resonance(MR) images showed that central disc herniation was revealed in 16 cases, and accompanying cord signal changes in 4. Postoperatively, 23 patients showed favorable results (excellent, good and fair) according to Herkowitz's scale. CONCLUSION: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion effectively reduced myelopathic symptoms due to soft cervical disc herniation. The authors assured that the shorter duration of clinical attention, the lesser the degree of myelopathy and better outcome in discogenic myelopathy.
Abdomen ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Diskectomy ; Female ; Gait ; Hand ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Intervertebral Disc ; Male ; Muscle Spasticity ; Spinal Cord Diseases* ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: Extended radical dissection of gastric cancer offers a more accurate stage, and complete removal of the metastatic lymph nodes raises the rate of curability. It has been thought for a long time that gastric cancer with paraaortic lymph-node metastasis is impossible to cure. However, with several reports of long-term survival of cases with paraaortic lymph-node metastasis, recently the procedure of paraaortic node dissection has become prevalent in Japan. METHODS: The study group was comprised with 348 patients of stage IV gastric cancer from among total of 2,015 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone gastric resection between 1979 and 1997 at the Department of Surgery, Chonnam University Hospital. Thirty-eight (38) of the 348 patients were paraaortic lymph-node positive (group I), 233 presented peritoneal metastasis (group II), and the remaining 77 presented liver metastasis (group III). The following factors were taken into consideration: age, sex, size of tumor, histopathologic classification, Borrmann type, location of tumor, DNA ploidy pattern, and survival rate. RESULTS: 1) In sex distribution, the third group (III) showed a statistically significant male predominence compared with the other groups (I=63.2%, II=67.4%, III=87.0%) (p<0.01). 2) In histopathologic classifications, well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinomas were more common in group III (I=10.5%, II=6.4%, III=22.0%). Poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinomas were more common in group II (I=44.7%, II=59.2%, III=27.3%) (p<0.01). 3) In Borrmann types, type IV was more common in group II (I=7.9%, II=27.8%, III=9.1%) (p<0.01). 4) In tumor location, antral involvement of the tumor was presented in 55.3% of group I, 54.7% of group II, and 67.5% of group III whereas whole involvement of stomach was presented in 5.3% of group I, 15.0% of group II, and 5.2% of group III (p<0.01). 5)Group I had a significantly higher (37.9%) two-year survival rate than the other groups (II=10.9%, III=12.8%) (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests a greater prognostic benefit for radical surgery in cases of paraaortic lymph-node metastsis than in cases involving other stage IV gastric cancers.
Adenocarcinoma ; Classification ; DNA ; Humans ; Japan ; Jeollanam-do ; Liver ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Ploidies ; Sex Distribution ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical and radiological results after screw fixation of the scaphoid and lunotriquetral ligament repair using a dorsal approach in the treatement of trans-scaphoid perilunate fracture dislocations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From May 2003 to August 2007, 11 patients who underwent operative management of a trans-scaphoid perilunate fracture dislocation were included in this study. Average follow up period was 58 months. In all patients, screw fixation of the scaphoid and lunotriquetral ligament repair with a suture anchor after open reduction was performed. Clinical evaluation was done by measuring range of motion and grip power and disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) score evaluation for functional recovery at the last follow up. Union of scaphoid, change in lunotriquetral distance, and development of any instability and arthritis of wrist joint were radiographically assessed. RESULTS: In clinical outcomes, 89.3% recovery of grip power and 87.5% recovery of range of motion compared to healthy side were observed at the last follow-up. Average range of motions of extension, flexion, ulnar deviation, radial deviation, supination and pronation were 51.8degrees, 58.4degrees, 21.2degrees, 16.2degrees, 74.3degrees, 75.1degrees respectively. Average DASH score was 13.2. Bony union of scaphoid was achieved in all cases at the average of postoperative 19.3 weeks. Lunotriquetral distance after the operation and at the last follow up were 1.9 mm and 2.0 mm, respectively. There were no radiographic evidence of instability or arthritis. CONCLUSION: Dorsal approach allows reduction of carpal bone, scaphoid fixation and lunotriquetral ligament repair in the treatment of trans-scaphoid perilunate fracture dislocations, providing satisfactory clinical and radiological results.
Arm ; Arthritis ; Carpal Bones ; Dislocations ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Pronation ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shoulder ; Supination ; Suture Anchors ; Wrist Joint

No abstract available.
Arteries* ; Intracranial Aneurysm*

Somatostatinoma is rare endocrine tumor that was first described in 1977 by Ganda et al. and Larsson et al. simultaneously. It seems nonfunctioning at clinical level. But it may present with diabetes, diarrhea, cholelithiasis, steatorrhea, indigestion, hypochlorhydria, and anemia. In contrast with pancreatic somatostatinoma, duodenal somatostatinoma, in general, is clinically silent. Duodenal endocrine tumors show similar histologic pattern. Therefore, the definite diagnosis is performed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopic examination. We have experienced a case of somatostatinoma of duodenum in a 62-year-old male. He has complained generalized pruritus for one year and jaundice for 2 weeks. Grossly, the mass was a intraluminary protruding, polypoid lesion with focal mucosal erosion at immediately distal to Ampulla of Vater. Histologically, it showed tall, cylindrical cells with distinct cell membranes, having granular cytoplasm and small innocent looking nuclei. No mitosis was seen. The tumor cells were arraged in small solid groups and trabeculae, separated by fibrovascular stroma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were strongly positive with somatostatin and negative with several other hormonal and neuroendocrine markers. Ultrastructurally, the cytoplasm contains numerous, homogeneous low electron dense secretory granules, which are essentially similar to those seen in normal delta cells.

The incidence rate of calcaneal fracture consists about 2% of all fractures, and, of the fracture, calcaneal tubercle avulsion fracture is known to be rare. To treat non-displaced calcaneal tubercle avulsion fracture, conservative treatment such as cast fixation is applied. However, most cases accompany displacement of the avulsion fragment, and, usually, surgery is necessary to treat the displaced fracture. Although surgical fixation simply by cancellous screw or tension wire is widely used, fixation failure is potential complication in this method. Thus, this study wants to introduce a prospective and useful method that further strengthens the calcaneal fixation by using both cannulated screw and tension band wiring.
Displacement (Psychology) ; Incidence