OBJECTIVES: This study was intended to investigate the differences of job stressors between managers and low level employees among white-collar workers. Another objective of this study was to examine whether the effects of job stressors on mental health differ between the two groups. METHODS: Data was obtained from 204 managers and 251 low level employees who were employed in white-collar jobs. Fourteen job stressors and seven job stress variables were measured. RESULTS: Among the 14 job stressors, role overload, job insecurity, and work-family conflict were higher job stressors for the manager group whereas role conflict, work-aptitude incongruity, participation in decision making, and promotion problems were higher job stressors for the low level of employees. There were no differences in job stress scores between the two groups. However, differences in the effects of job stressors on job stress were found between the two groups. For the manager group, job insecurity, work-aptitude incongruity, and work-family conflict significantly affected in explanation of job stress whereas for the low level employees, role underload, peer satisfaction, and environmental problems significantly explaining the job stress variables. CONCLUSIONS: There were significant differences in job stressors between managers and low level employees among white-collar workers. Additionally there were differences in the effects of job stressors on job stress between the two groups.
Decision Making ; Mental Health

Myopathy in primary aldosteronism in relatively rare disease in Korea. A 42-year-old woman with hypokalemic periodic paralysis, proximal muscle weakness and hypertension was found to have myopathy associated with adenoma in the right adrenal gland. She showed marked elevation of muscle enzymes and myopathic pattern in EMG.
Adenoma ; Adrenal Glands ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism ; Hypertension ; Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis ; Korea ; Muscle Weakness ; Muscular Diseases* ; Rare Diseases

The mixed gangliocytoma-pituitary adenoma is a very rare intracranial neoplasm, and it is frequently associated with endocrine symptoms; acromegaly, Cushing's disease, galactorrhea and amenorrhea. Morphologically it shows a mixture of gangliocytoma and pituitary adenoma in various proportions. In the area of gangliocytoma, there is no neoplastic glial component. The portion of pituitary adenoma consists mainly of chromophobe cells. There are three hypotheses in its histogenesis. We report a case of a 41 year-old lady presented with acromegaly and amenorrhea existing for 3 years. On magnetic resonance image, there is a dumbell-shaped mass in the sellar region. Histologically it showed typical features of mixed gangliocytoma-pituitary adenoma. This case is presented in the view of its rarity and interesting possible histogeneses.
Acromegaly ; Adenoma* ; Adult ; Amenorrhea ; Brain ; Brain Neoplasms ; Female ; Galactorrhea ; Ganglioneuroma ; Humans ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Cleft Palate* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Child* ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural* ; Humans ; Temporal Bone*

OBJECTIVE: The clinical features and prognosis of intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMT) of the pancreas are diverse. We reviewed the clinicopathologic features and surgical results of patients who were treated for IMPT. METHODS: WE retrospectively reviewed seven cases that were surgically resected and pathologically diagnosed. RESULTS: The mean patient age was 63.7 years and there were 6 (85.7%) symptomatic patients. The diagnostic accuracy of abdominal CT was 57.1% (n=4) and the was 71.4% (n=5). (Ed note: the last part made no sense. Put in the correct terms.) The final diagnosis was benign IPMT in 4 cases (57.1%), malignancy in 3 cases (42.9%, and borderline malignancy, carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma in one case each, respectively). Three cases each of pylorus preserving panreaticoduodectomy (42.9%) and distal pancreatectomy were performed (42.(%), respectively, and 1 pancreatic wedge resection (14.3%) was performed for 1 case. Three patients (42.9%) were found to have associated malignancies. The median follow-up duration was 10 months (range: 3-25). Four patients are still alive and 3 patients have died, but only one patient died of systemic metastasis. CONCLUSION: The clinicopathological features, treatment, and prognosis of IPMT are still unclear, but the significant possibility of malignancy and associated malignancies should always kept in mind and further study is required
Carcinoma in Situ ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mucins* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatectomy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Prognosis ; Pylorus ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

A healthy 72-year-old male was referred to the emergency department (ED) for removal of a foreign body (FB) in the right bronchi from a local medical clinic. The FB was a dental part measuring 5×15 mm in size, which had been accidently aspirated into the lung during a dental procedure. On arrival at the ED, he only complained of mild chest discomfort, and there were no abnormal findings in on physical examination. ED physicians prepared bronchoscopic FB removal while the patient rested in bed. During the wait for bronchoscopy, the patient felt discomfort in the chest and epigastric area, and then he coughed forcefully and at the same time, epigastric thrust was performed with his fist. After several strong coughs with epigastric thrusts, the FB was expelled from his mouth. Chest roentgenogram showed no FB, and the patient was discharged from the ED with no complications. Bronchoscopy has been the only treatment option for bronchoscopic FB, and self-removal of FB is rare. This case report may be helpful to understanding a possible mechanism of self-clearance of FB in some healthy adult patients with a small-sized endobronchial FB.
Adult ; Aged ; Bronchi ; Bronchoscopy* ; Cough* ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Foreign Bodies* ; Humans ; Lung ; Male ; Mouth ; Physical Examination ; Thorax

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone mineral density and the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal Korean women with low-energy distal radius fractures and compared with those of aged-matched normal Korean women. Two hundred and six patients with distal radius fractures between March 2006 and March 2010 were included in this study. Patients were divided into three groups by age; group 1 (50-59 years), group 2 (60-69 years), and group 3 (70-79 years). Controls were age-matched normal Korean women. The bone mineral density values at all measured sites, except for the spine, were significantly lower in group 1 than those of control. While the bone mineral density values in group 2 and 3 were lower than those of controls, these differences were not statistically significant. All groups had significantly higher prevalence of osteoporosis at the Ward's triangle; however, at the spine, femoral neck and trochanteric area it was not significantly different from those of age-matched controls. Although the prevalence of osteoporosis of the postmenopausal women with low-energy distal radius fractures may not be higher than that of the control, osteoporosis should be evaluated especially in younger postmenopausal patients to prevent other osteoporotic hip and/or spine fractures.
Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Bone Density ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures/diagnosis ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis/*epidemiology ; Postmenopause ; Prevalence ; Radius Fractures/*diagnosis ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures/diagnosis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine whether the three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) images would increase the reliability of fracture classification and influence treatment plan of distal radius fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four independent observers evaluated radiographic images of thirty patients with distal radius fractures. The fracture classification has been performed based on (1) AO classification, (2) Fernandez classification, (3) Frykman classification. And then treatment plan was planned based on (1) closed reduction with Sugar-tong splint, (2) closed reduction with pinning, (3) closed reduction with external fixator, (4) open reduction with plate (volar approach), (5) open reduction with plate (dorsal approach). Two rounds of evaluation were compared regarding: (1) simple radiographs alone, and (2) simple radiographs and 3D-CT together two weeks after that. This cycle was then repeated to assess intraobserver reliability. RESULTS: 3D-CT improved the intraobserver and interobserver reliability regarding the fracture classification and treatment plan. And the addition of 3D-CT to simple radiographs influenced treatment recommendations, resulting in a significantly greater number of decisions for an open approach (p<0.05, McNemar test). CONCLUSIONS: 3D-CT is a reliable tool of fracture classification and improves treatment plan of distal radius fractures.
External Fixators ; Humans ; Radius ; Radius Fractures ; Splints