Objective To explore the effect ofrosiglitazone (RGZ), a ligand of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor γ (PPARγ), on the invasiveness of A375 cells in vitro and its mechanism of action.Methods A375 human melanoma cells were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of RGZ. The proliferation of the cells, mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 2, protein expression of MMP2 in A375 cells were detected by MTT assay, semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western-blot, respectively. The invasiveness of A375 cells was detected by Matrigel invasion assay. Results MTT assay showed that the proliferation of A375 cells was inhibited by (4.86±0.31 )% and (5.15±0.52)% under the 24-hour treatment with RGZ of 10 and 25 μmol/L, respectively, and no evident cytotoxity was observed for RGZ. Compared with untreated A375 ceils, a significant decrease was observed in the mRNA and protein expression of MMP2 in A375 ceils treated with RGZ of 10 and 25 μmol/L (all P < 0.05), along with an increase in the mRNA expression of TIMP2 (both P < 0.01 ).The count of A375 cells transmigrating through matrigel was 154.1±7.7 and 87.3±8.1 under the treatment with RGZ of 10 and 25 μmol/L, significantly lower than that of those without treatment (210.7±14.9,both P < 0.01 ). Conclusions RGZ could inhibit the transmigration of A375 ceils, likely by down-regulating the mRNA and protein expression of MMP2.

The prevalence rate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been increasing year by year.However,since the complex pathogenesis of NAFLD has not been fully clarified,there still lacks a gold standard for the diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD.5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) can affect the development and progression of NAFLD via several links and thus change the course of NAFLD.This article introduces the association between 5-HT and NAFLD,the role of 5-HT in the pathogenesis of NAFLD,and its future application in treatment.

Objective　To investigate the epidemic situat ion of the dental fluorosis among the people in Tianjin area.Methods　With the method of random sampling we investigated epidemic situation of the dental fluorosis among the people aged 12 to 15 in Tianjin area.Results　The minimum patient's rate for this disease among those aged 12 to 15 is 32.11 percent while the maximum is 78.09 percent.The l owest dental fluorosis index is 0.851 and the highest is 1.923.The patient's rate and the index are both higher than the average rate and index of the whole cou ntry.Conclusions　Tianjin is one of the areas where the dental fluorosise epidemic mostly occurs.

In order to evaluate the use of transendoscopic miniature ultrasonic probe (TEMP) in the diagnosis of gastric submucosal tumor, 18 patients were investigated. The results obtained by TEMP were compared with those of gastroscopy, and endoscopical ultrasonography (EVS). The result showed that among those 18 patients, gastric submucosal leiomyomas, were common and accounted for 88.9％. Most of them were intramural. The diagnostic accuracy of TEMP for the size of tumor and gastric submucosal tumor was 88.9％ and 100％ respectively. Which were much higher than those of gastroscopy (33.3％ and 61.1％ respectively). The sonogrophic characteristics of gastric submucosal tumors in TEMP imaging were related to the nature of the tumors, hut the common manifestations were that all the tumors were hypoechoic under the hyperechoic mucosal layer with clear bell shaped origin, and usually appeared as round or nearly round intragastric eminence. It is concluded that the selective use of TEMP has great value in the diagnosis of gastric submucosal turmor, especially for those lesions which were small and difficult to be detected by EUS.

Objective To observe the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCS) transplantation on the brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF) after the spinal cord injury (SCI) of rats, and investigate the mechanism of repairing the SCI by MSCS transplantation.Methods Mesenchymal stem cells were cultured from the thighbone of adult SD rats and identified by immunoctochemistry.Seven days after the operation of spinal cord injury, the mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted into the injured spinal cord site.Sixty adult SD rats were random divided into three groups: Spinal cord injury cured with transplants of mesenchymal stem cells to the injured spinal cord site ( group A), spinal cord injury received PBS solution( group B) and control group ( group C).The expression of brain - derived neurotrophic factors of the lesion and neighbor areas were examined by immunohistochemistry, The mechanism of repairing the lesion and neighbor areas were examined by immunohistochemistry, and the mechanisms of repairing the spinal cord injury after mesenchymal stem cells transplantation were investigated.Results Mesenchymal stem cells began to grow after 24 hours of inoculation and proliferate 72 hours later.The proliferate the proliferous cyclewas 4 ～6 days, it declined on the 10th era.Mesenchymal stem cells turned to flat, and the mesenchymal stem cells could maintain the ability of proliferation if bFGF was added.Compared with group B, transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells enhanced more expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factors in group A ( 14 d :0.31 ± 0.03 vs 0.25 ± 0.04, P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion Mesenchymal stem cells in transplantation group showed a continued high level of brain-derived neurotrophic factors, which may be one of the mechanisms of repairing the spinal cord injury by mesenchymal stem cells transplantation.

Objective:To compare shear bond strength(SBS)of bonded and rebonded orthodontic brackets and influence of rebonded orthodontic brackets using different treatment methods on SBS.Methods:60 extracted premolars were evenly divided into three groups.Brackets were debonded with conventional techniques and then removed of residual adhesives from the base mesh using three different treatments.In groupⅠ,rebond a new bracket at the second,third bonding times.In group Ⅱ,remove residual adhesives from the base mesh with fire at the second,third times,then rebond the same bracket.In group Ⅲ,remove that using a tungsten carbide bur at the second,third times,then rebond the same bracket.Shear test was performed to compare the SBS and adhesive remnant indexes(ARI)among different groups.Results:The SBS of three groups at the first bonding sequence were(10.00?2.95)MPa,(9.57?2.45)MPa and(9.09?2.58)MPa.The SBS at the second,third debonding sequence in group I,group II,and group III were(9.55?2.84)MPa and(10.32?2.59)MPa,(7.30?2.15)MPa and(7.14?1.93)MPa,(12.13?2.93)MPa and(12.86?3.08)MPa,respectively.In group Ⅱ,the SBS was significantly lower,however,in group Ⅲ,the SBS was significantly higher,and the results showed significant differences(P

Objective To research the expression of Neuritin in gastric cancer .and the relationship between the expression of Neuritin with the occurrence and development of gastric cancer .Methods Collected 58 surgical specimens of gastric cancer from 2010 to 2013 in the first affiliated hospital of Shihezi University ,immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of Neu-ritin in gastric cancer and normal tissues near the cancer of the stomach .Results Immunohistochemical staining showed that Neu-ritin was moderately or highly expressed in 96 .55% (56/58) of gastric cancer ,and Neuritin was moderately or highly expressed in 94 .83% (55/58) of normal tissues near the cancer .There was no statistically significantly difference between two groups (P>0 .05);Neuritin was highly expressed in 82 .76% (48/58) of gastric cancer ,and Neuritin was highly expressed in 15 .52% (9/58) of normal tissues near the cancer ,differences between the two groups had statistically significantly (P<0 .05) .Expression of Neuritin was not correlated with gender ,age ,TNM stage ,infiltration depth ,lymph node metastasis ,differentiated degree ,the pathologic type or distant metastasis(P> 0 .05) .Conclusion The Neuritin expression level between gastric cancer and normal tissues near the cancer exist differences .There is overexpression of neuritin in gastric cancer .

Objective:To explore whether the protective ileostomy can reduce the incidence of anastomotic leakage after neoadjuvant treatment of rectal cancer and the relationship between protective ileostomy and anastomotic leakage.Methods:From May 2011 to August 2020, a total of 108 patients who underwent rectal cancer neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy and then received anterior resection in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University were selected. Sixty-three cases were treated with protective ileostomy (Treatment group), while 45 cases were not (Control group). The chi-square test was used to compare the incidence of anastomotic leakage between the two groups. At the same time, Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of anastomotic leakage, and the rate of permanent stoma was calculated. SPSS19.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:The total incidence of postoperative anastomotic leakage in the Treatment group and Control group was 9.52% (6/63) and 6.66% (3/45) ( P=0.59). Among them, 2 cases of anastomotic leakage occurred in the Treatmentgroup, no A-grade anastomotic leakage occurred in the Control group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (33.33% vs. 0, P=0.77). There were 4 cases of grade B anastomotic leakage occurred in the Treatment group, 2 cases in the Control group, there was no significant difference between the two groups (66.67% vs. 66.67%, P=0.45). There was no grade C anastomotic leakage in the Treatment group, and one case of grade C anastomotic leakage occurred in the Control group, there was no significant difference between the two groups (0 to 33.33%, P=0.70). Logistic regression analysis showed that whether protective stoma was implemented or not was not statistically related to the occurrence of anastomotic leakage ( P=0.26). The distance between the tumor and the anal margin ( P=0.01) affected the occurrence of anastomotic leakage. The permanent stoma rate in the Treatment group was 9/63 (16.67%). Conclusion:Protective ileostomy has no significant advantage in reducing the incidence of anastomotic leakage in patients with rectal cancer neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and may lead to permanent stoma.

Objective:To compare the accuracy and timeliness of 3-lead electrocardiography (ECG) and pulse oximetry (POX) in neonatal heart rate (HR) monitoring after birth.Methods:This prospective study recruited 42 high-risk newborns with gestational age ≥37 weeks and birth weight >1 500 g who were born through cesarean section without resuscitation requirement in Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital) from October 2019 to August 2020. 3-lead ECG electrodes and POX sensors were attached to the neonates immediately after drying to continuously monitor the HR within 10 min after birth. All procedure was recorded by video camera, and data were independently analyzed by a clinician after the procedure was completed. Differences in time required to connect the devices, time to obtain a reliable HR and the interval between them, the time needed for obtaining a reliable HR after birth, the proportion of neonates with reliable HR obtained within 5 min after birth and the consistency in the reliable HR readings between the two devices were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, McNemar test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficient or Bland-Altman bias analysis.Results:The median time required to connect POX and 3-lead ECG and to acquire a reliable HR were 13.0 s (10.0-17.0 s) vs 23.0 s (18.0-28.3 s) ( Z=-5.050, P<0.001), and 79.5 s (56.2-128.0 s) vs 11.0 s (10.0-13.3 s) ( Z=-5.646, P<0.001), respectively. The total time from the beginning of connecting the devices and birth to acquiring a reliable HR were both longer for POX than those for 3-lead ECG [92.0 s (71.3-139.0 s) vs 35.0 s (30.0-39.5 s), Z=-5.579, P<0.001; 110.5 s (85.8-153.5 s) vs 52.0 s (45.0-66.3 s), Z=-5.579, P<0.001]. Reliable HRs were obtained in 69.1% (29/42) and 2.4% (1/42) of the infants by 3-lead ECG and POX within 1 min after birth, respectively. The percentage of infants for obtaining a reliable HR detected by 3-lead ECG within 5 min after birth were more than those by POX, but with statistically significant differences only at the first 60 s, 90 s, 120 s and 150 s (all P<0.001). The median HRs obtained by 3-lead ECG and POX within 10 min after birth were 161 beats/min (147-175 beats/min) and 160 beats/min (146-176 beats/min), respectively ( r=0.966, P<0.001). The mean difference of HR detected by the two devices was 0.56 beats/min (95% CI:-4.3 to 5.4 beats/min). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.961, showing good internal consistency. Conclusions:Neonatal HR can be assessed accurately by 3-lead ECG within 1 min after birth, which is far earlier than that by POX. Therefore, 3-lead ECG can be an option for continuously HR monitor in neonatal resuscitation.

Background Artisan phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) implantation was demonstrated to be safe and effective for the correction of high myopia in short-term.However,long-term corneal endothelium status after operation should be concerned.Objective This study was to investigate the long-term changes of corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) and morphology following Artisan pIOL implantation for the correction of high myopia.Methods Fifty-one eyes of 27 patients who received Artisan PIOL implantation for high myopia from January 2005 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.The central corneal ECDs were detected by corneal endothelial cell counter before surgery and 6 months and 1 year,2,3,4,5,6 years after surgery,and the coefficient of variation (CV) and standard deviation (SD) of cellular area were evaluated.ECD loss rate with time lapse was calculated ([preoperative ECD-postoperative ECD]/preoperative ECD× 100％).Results Six years after surgery,there were 34 eyes with BCVA ≥ 1.0,14 eyes with BCVA higher than preoperative and 8 eyes with BCVA lower than preoperative.The mean intraocular pressure was (14.23±2.14)mmHg 6 years postoperative.The preoperative mean ECD was (3 184.05±233.55)/mm2,and the ECD was gradually reduced over time with the cell loss 2.34％ in 6 months,5.32％ in 1 year,6.32％ in 2 years,8.06％ in 3 years,12.59％ in 4 years,15.63％ in 5 years and 19.49％ in 6 years after operation.Before surgery,The mean CV of cellular area was 37.17±7.12,and the SD of cellular area was 118.77±21.39,and those 6 years after surgery were 32.24 ±4.62 and 125.60± 18.49,respectively.The mean CV and SD of cellular area were significantly different among different time points (P =0.000,0.036).Eight eyes with localized iris depigmentation,6 eyes with IOL dyssymmetry,3 eyes with transient high intraocular pressure and 2 eyes with Macular hemorrhage were obtained after surgery.Conclusions Corneal endothelial cells appear obvious changes in both number and morphology after Artisan pIOL implantation in high myopia.ECD is gradually reduced with time lapse,and the shape of the cells occur remodeling during 6-year fellow-up duration.Overall,endothelial specular microscopy is mandatory before and after surgery for a long term.