The ankle is a complex structure supporting the entire musculoskeletal system during standing and walking. The injuries to the ankle joint result in a severe functional disturbance because of complex anatomical characteristics around the ankle joint. 69 patients(72 cases) of the ankle fracture that were treated in Orthopedic Dept. Chonbuk National University Hospital from Jan. 1979 to Dec. 1983 were analized in clinical and radiological aspects. The following results were obtained: 1. Among the 69 patients, male was 54 and female 15 with ratio of 3.5: 1.The average age was 32. 2. Main cause of fracture was traffic accident(58%). 3. The musculoskeletal system was injured most frequently associated with the ankle fracture(66%). 4. According to the ankle fracture classification, the most common type was Pronation-external rotation type in Lauge-Hansen classification, and the type C in Weber classification. 5.The average duration of cast immobilization was 8.8 weeks in closed reduction and 7.4 weeks in open reduction. 6. The lateral malleolar fracture involving the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis was very important in ankle stability so accurate anatomical reduction by internal fixation was necessary for satisfactory functional results. 7. In clinical and radiological analysis, the better results were obtained from open reduction.
Ankle Fractures ; Ankle Joint ; Ankle ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Jeollabuk-do ; Male ; Musculoskeletal System ; Orthopedics ; Walking

No abstract available.
Osteoporosis* ; Spondylolisthesis*

One hundred eighty infants with oxygen therapy who were under 2,500gm birth weight or under 37 weeks of gestational age, were examined between January 1990 and November 1992. We performed clnical analysis and results were as follows. 1) Fifty six infants (31.1%) were diagnosed as retinopathy of prematurity. 2) The first examination was performed at 2.5 weeks of life on average, and the retinopathy of prematurity was diagnosed at 3.8 weeks on average. 3) The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity was highly associated with low birth weight (< or =1,890 gm), low gestational age ( < or =33.1 weeks), and high oxygen concentration with long duration (FiO2> or =0.4 over 1 week)(P<0.005). 4) Other associated risk factors were idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome, anemia, neonatal hypoxia and sepsis.
Anemia, Neonatal ; Anoxia ; Birth Weight ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Oxygen ; Retinopathy of Prematurity* ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis

Hepatic actinomycosis is a rare condition, accounting for 15% and 5% of all abdominal and actinomycosis cases, respectively. Here, we describe a case of hepatic actinomycosis accompanied by immunoglobulin G4-related inflammatory pseudotumors. To the best of our knowledge, only two such cases have been reported to date. Here, we present the case of a 72-year-old male patient. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a hepatic lesion that did not follow anatomical boundaries. The lesion showed arterial phase peripheral hyperenhancement, progressive enhancement of the central portion, sharply demarcated margins, and a radial stripe pattern. The final diagnosis for this hepatic lesion was hepatic actinomycosis accompanied by immunoglobulin G4-related inflammatory pseudotumor.

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia(NAIT) is a rare disease caused by maternal alloimmunization against fetal platelet surface antigen, which is mainly platelet specific alloantigen or human leukocyte antigen(HLA). During routine hemotology, we accidentally discovered thrombocytopenia in a female fullterm newborn admitted due to jaundice. We excluded NAIT due to human platelet alloantigen(HPA), because the HPA of the mother and baby were the same on PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism). Mother's serum was tested for lyrnphocytotoxity against 36 donor lymphocytes, and anti-HLA A2, A24 and B58 were found. HLA typing of the father and baby revealed A2 antigen which was not present on the mothers lymphocytes. The patient received concentrated platelet and intravenous globulin. Her platelet count increased to 222,000/mm from 3,000/mm on the 11th day of life. We described a case of NAIT due to anti-HLA A2 antibody with a detailed clinical feature. (J Korean Pediatr Soc 1999;43:861-865)
Antigens, Surface ; Blood Platelets ; Fathers ; Female ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Isoantigens ; Jaundice ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocytes ; Mothers ; Platelet Count ; Rare Diseases ; Thrombocytopenia ; Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune* ; Tissue Donors

No abstract available.
Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable* ; Hemorrhage* ; Thrombin*

PURPOSE: A sensitive, specific blood test to detect cancer would be of great value but the search for such a test has been fruitless so far. In actual practice, there is often a considerable interval between the point at which a tumor could have been detected and the point at which it produces symptoms as a result of tumor growth. The research has been largely directed toward the identification of tumor-specific subtances that are liberated into body fluid. These tumor markers will not only indicate the presence of a cancer but also identify its site of origin and morphology. The available tumor markers, including the oncofetal antigen, placental hormones and enzymes, do not have enough tumor specificity or sensitivity to be used in diagnosis, but they do have a selective role monitoring the progression of tumor growth and assessing the response to treatment. Plasma lipid abnormality occurs regularly in many experimental animal tumor system. In some cases, their pattern and pathogenesis as well as their correlation with tumor volume and histologic features have been well characterized. Since both in vivo and in vitro celluar lipid alterations have been studied most intensively and found most commonly in lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative disease, these form a particularly interesting group of malignancies for further investigation. In this study, we prospectively evaluated 26 patients with leukemia and 10 patients with solid tumor with full plasma lipid profiles. METHODS: Plasma lipids and lipoproteins were studied in 36 patients with acute leukemia and solid tumor at initial presentation or relapse and lipid studies were regularly repeated during a period of clinical remission. Patients were admitted to the department of pediatrics Eulji general hospital between March 1988 and June 1992 and they had no drugs known to alter lipid metabolism. No patient had a history of thyroid disease or diabetes and none had evidence of hepatic or renal dysfunction. Full serum chemistry analysis was performed utilizing Automated Analyzer and total serum lactic acid dehydrogenase was used as an additional parameter of tumor burden in all patients. Lipoprotein concentrations in plasma were measured b electrophoresis, and total lipid, phospholipid and free fatty acid by enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: A consistent and predictable pattern of alterations in plasma lipid and lipoproteins were found. This pattern consisted of a marked decrease in aloha-lipoprotein(p=0.0001) and total cholesterol(p=0.0066), and increase in beta-lipoprotein(p=0.0001). Changes in triglyceride, phospholipid, free fatty acid and pre-beta-lipoprotein levels were net significant. The degree of lipid abnormality was directly related to the underlying tumor burden in leukemia. Among the lipid and lipoprotein alteration, aloha-lipoprotein appeared to be most sensitive indicator for the presence of tumor. CONCLUSIONS: The result suggest that an abnormality in systemic lipid metabolism, possibly in cholesterol clearance, is present in cancer patient. There appeared to be a direct relationship between magnitude of lipid abnormality and the amount of tumor burden but at the present time the exact mechanism of tumor-host interaction and its possible clinical implications remain to be determined.
Animals ; Body Fluids ; Chemistry ; Cholesterol ; Diagnosis ; Electrophoresis ; Hematologic Tests ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Lactic Acid ; Leukemia* ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipoproteins ; Oxidoreductases ; Pediatrics ; Placental Hormones ; Plasma* ; Prospective Studies ; Recurrence ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thyroid Diseases ; Triglycerides ; Tumor Burden ; Biomarkers, Tumor

BACKGROUND: For HLA-DR typing, PCR-SSO (sequence specific oligonucleotide) kits are most commonly used in Korea. However, the PCR-SSO method generally shows more ambiguities than PCR-SSP (sequence specific primer) method in generic-level typing of HLA-DRB1 alleles. We evaluated the newly developed NeoDin SSP(TM) HLA-DR Typing kit based on the PCR-SSP method. METHODS: A total of 118 selected samples with known DRB1 alleles were tested with the NeoDin SSP(TM) HLA-DR Typing kit and the band patterns were interpreted by two investigators in a blind manner. RESULTS: Correct assignment of HLA-DRB1 alleles at a generic level was possible in 117 (99.2%)out of 118 samples tested. Only one sample carrying DRB1*1403 as a homozygote showed ambiguity: DR14 homozygote versus DR14, DR13. Some HLA-DR specificities (DR8, DR11-14) were dividied into 2-11 allelic groups and the typing results (allelic groups) were fully concordant with the known DRB1 allelic specificities. When a proper concentration of DNA with good purity was used, band patterns were clear and easy to read and no false positive or false negative band was observed in the DRB1 assignments. The occasional presence of 1-2 faint nonspecific bands did not much influence the correct assignments of specific bands. In a small proportion (5 samples, 4%) of samples tested, a random occurrence of PCR failure of 1-2 internal control bands was observed; however it did not affect the correct assignments of DRB1 alleles. CONCLUSIONS: When a proper concentration of DNA with good purity is used, the correct assignments of HLA-DRB1 alleles at a generic level are possible in >99% of the samples without ambiguity, using the NeoDin SSP kit.
Alleles ; DNA ; HLA-DR Antigens* ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Korea ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Research Personnel

BACKGROUND: For HLA-DR typing, PCR-SSO (sequence specific oligonucleotide) kits are most commonly used in Korea. However, the PCR-SSO method generally shows more ambiguities than PCR-SSP (sequence specific primer) method in generic-level typing of HLA-DRB1 alleles. We evaluated the newly developed NeoDin SSP(TM) HLA-DR Typing kit based on the PCR-SSP method. METHODS: A total of 118 selected samples with known DRB1 alleles were tested with the NeoDin SSP(TM) HLA-DR Typing kit and the band patterns were interpreted by two investigators in a blind manner. RESULTS: Correct assignment of HLA-DRB1 alleles at a generic level was possible in 117 (99.2%)out of 118 samples tested. Only one sample carrying DRB1*1403 as a homozygote showed ambiguity: DR14 homozygote versus DR14, DR13. Some HLA-DR specificities (DR8, DR11-14) were dividied into 2-11 allelic groups and the typing results (allelic groups) were fully concordant with the known DRB1 allelic specificities. When a proper concentration of DNA with good purity was used, band patterns were clear and easy to read and no false positive or false negative band was observed in the DRB1 assignments. The occasional presence of 1-2 faint nonspecific bands did not much influence the correct assignments of specific bands. In a small proportion (5 samples, 4%) of samples tested, a random occurrence of PCR failure of 1-2 internal control bands was observed; however it did not affect the correct assignments of DRB1 alleles. CONCLUSIONS: When a proper concentration of DNA with good purity is used, the correct assignments of HLA-DRB1 alleles at a generic level are possible in >99% of the samples without ambiguity, using the NeoDin SSP kit.
Alleles ; DNA ; HLA-DR Antigens* ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Korea ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Research Personnel

The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of vertical head rotation and to evaluate the reproducibility of natural head posture (NHP) according to two guiding methods, the head posture aligner (HPA) method and the self balance posture (SBP) method. The subjects consisted of 30 adults. On the first day, lateral and frontal cephalometric radiographs were obtained through the two guiding methods. One month later, lateral and frontal cephalometric radiographs were obtained again through both guiding methods. The degrees of vertical head rotation of both guiding methods were compared and the reproducibility was evaluated for each guiding method. A comparison of the degrees of vertical head rotation for the two methods revealed that the vertical head posture was lower in the SBP method than in the HPA method by an average of 2.79 degrees. All measurements obtained using the HPA and SBP methods with a time interval of one month did not show any significant difference in lateral and frontal cephalometric radiographs. The results of the present study suggest that the SBP method may be used as an alternative to the HPA method in case the HPA method can not be applied.
Adult ; Head* ; Humans ; Posture*