No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Humans

PURPOSE: To evaluate normal variations and thus to avoid confusion in differentiation from lesions of the accessory structures (rhomboid fossa, foramen for supraclavicular nerve, conold tubercle) of the clavicle in chest radiographs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied the variations of the clavicle in 300 chest radiographs (134 men, 166 women) and 355 dry bones (right 166, left 189; 151 men, 74 women, 130 unknown sex). RESULTS: In chest radiographs, the incidence of the depressed rhomboid fossa was 229 cases (39.5%;male 52.0%, female 29.9%);the flat type was 329 cases (56.9%;male 45.7%, female 65.7%);and the elevated type was 20 cases (3.5%; male 2.4%, female 4.3%). In the dry bones, the incidence of the depressed thombold fossa was 129 cases (57.3%;male 59.6%, female 52.7%);the flat type was 65 cases (28.9%;male 24.5%, female 37. 8%) ;and the elevated type was 31 cases (13.8%;male 15.9%, female 9.5%). The incidence of the foramen for supraclavicular nerve was 0.8% in chest radiographs, and 1.4% in the dry bones. The incidence of the elevated conold tubercle was 65.1% (male 64.0%, female 65.9%) in chest radiographs, and 96.9% (male 95.4%, female 100.0%) in the dry bones. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of the depressed rhomboid fossa in chest radiographs was higher in men and the right clavicle. The incidence of flat rhombo~d fossa in chest radiographs decreased according to increase of age. The foramen for supraclavicular nerve was occasionally found (0.8% in chest radiographs; 1.4% in the dry bones).
Clavicle* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Radiography, Thoracic* ; Thorax*

PURPOSE: To evaluate normal variations and thus to avoid confusion in differentiation from lesions of the accessory structures (rhomboid fossa, foramen for supraclavicular nerve, conold tubercle) of the clavicle in chest radiographs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied the variations of the clavicle in 300 chest radiographs (134 men, 166 women) and 355 dry bones (right 166, left 189; 151 men, 74 women, 130 unknown sex). RESULTS: In chest radiographs, the incidence of the depressed rhomboid fossa was 229 cases (39.5%;male 52.0%, female 29.9%);the flat type was 329 cases (56.9%;male 45.7%, female 65.7%);and the elevated type was 20 cases (3.5%; male 2.4%, female 4.3%). In the dry bones, the incidence of the depressed thombold fossa was 129 cases (57.3%;male 59.6%, female 52.7%);the flat type was 65 cases (28.9%;male 24.5%, female 37. 8%) ;and the elevated type was 31 cases (13.8%;male 15.9%, female 9.5%). The incidence of the foramen for supraclavicular nerve was 0.8% in chest radiographs, and 1.4% in the dry bones. The incidence of the elevated conold tubercle was 65.1% (male 64.0%, female 65.9%) in chest radiographs, and 96.9% (male 95.4%, female 100.0%) in the dry bones. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of the depressed rhomboid fossa in chest radiographs was higher in men and the right clavicle. The incidence of flat rhombo~d fossa in chest radiographs decreased according to increase of age. The foramen for supraclavicular nerve was occasionally found (0.8% in chest radiographs; 1.4% in the dry bones).
Clavicle* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Radiography, Thoracic* ; Thorax*

No abstract available.
Basal Ganglia ; Hypocalcemia*

No abstract available.
Gastric Stump*

Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma may present with a variety of radiographic and clinical appearances. The authors reviewed the radiographs of 17 patients with pathologically proven bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, retrospectively. Seven cases were of the localized form. Among the seven five showed a localized mass and two showed localized consolidation. Ten cases were of the diffuse form. Among the ten, three showed diffuse nodules, two showed diffuse consolidation, and five showed a combined pattern of nodules and consolidations. Progression of disease was observed in 9 patients. In these cases, localized forms progressed to a diffuse forms and nodular patterns progressed to a consolidation pattern. Seven cases of the diffuse form were given antituberculous medications on hospital admission. In summary, bronchioloalveolar carcinoma has varied radiographic patterns, and often mimicks other pulmonary diseases such as pulmonary tuberculosis.
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar* ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; Retrospective Studies ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Through the review of 137 cases of ankle fracture treated and followed up in Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Police Hospital, we got the following results. 1. Slipping was the most frequent cause of the fractures(45.3%). 2. Supination-external rotation type of Lauge-Hansen classification was more common than any other types(67.9%). 3. 94 cases out of 137 cases were treated by open reduction and internal fixation, and remaining 43 cases were treated conservatively. 4. The average duration of cast immobilization was 7.3 weeks for the operatively treated cases and 9.1 weeks for the conservatively treated cases. 5. The result of treatment was good or excellent in 87 cases(92.6%) of operatively treated 94 cases and in 36 cases(83.7%) of conservatively treated 43 cases. 6. We think that the anatomical reduction of the lateral malleolar or distal fibular fracture is necessary for better end results.
Ankle Fractures ; Ankle ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Orthopedics ; Police

Gastric bezoars are large masses or concretions, composed with plant fiber, hair and miscellaneous foreign bodies, found in the stomach and occur usually as sequele of gastric surgery. We experienced 2 cases of fat bezoars which developed after drinking of melted beef fst. They had postprandial epigastric fullness and pain, those were relieved on supine and left recumbent position. Upper gastrointestinal series showed a large movable mass in the stomach in hoth cases. On gastrofibercopic examination, a large egg sized white bezoar was cordirmed in both cases and a gastrie ulcer at antrum associated in one case. In attempt to removal of the bezoars, we tried to break them, but failed because of its character. The patients were treated with pancreatic lipase containg digestives, Pancreon-F and Azintal. From one day after this treatment, symptoms were completely relieved. Five days later, we confirmed disappearance of bezoars by gastrofiberscopy. and upper gastrointestinal barium
Barium ; Bezoars* ; Drinking ; Foreign Bodies ; Hair ; Humans ; Lipase* ; Ovum ; Plants ; Stomach ; Ulcer

Objective: Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) commonly have a favorite person (FP), whom they are heavily emotionally attached to and dependent on. This study aims to identify and illustrate the patterns of destructive FP relationships based on actual experiences described by those with BPD. Methods: A data mining process was conducted using raw data collected from online communities, such as blogs and social networks. An in-depth review of the information to better understand the natural course of the FP relationship was also conducted. Results: Individuals with BPD form an intense and insecure attachment toward their FP, from which they enormously suffer. FPs can be their friends, romantic or life partners, or family members. As their feelings go beyond their control, being increasingly obsessed with their FP, they make their FP gradually lose hope in continuing the relationship and want to quit trying to fulfill their needs. The relationship finally ends when the FP stops being responsible for meeting their expectations and eventually drifts away. Conclusion This study suggests that certain FPs, distinctively named Teddy Bear Person, may behave in a particular manner to increase the likelihood of the FP relationship becoming more destructive. Moreover, the rejection sensitivity model should be discussed to understand their dysfunctional interaction.

BACKGROUND: Although the majority of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients diagnosed as adults have non-autoimmune forms of the disease, islet autoimmunity is encountered in some patients initially thought to have type 2 DM. The phenotype of DM patients with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies is different from that of patients with GAD antibody-negative type 2 DM, with features such as relative leanness and hyperglycemia which may influence the development of complications. We sought to compare the prevalence of chronic complications in patients with and without the GAD antibody. METHODS: We recruited 427 patients (M: 218, F: 209) that were clinically diagnosed with type 2 DM after the age of 35 years. We measured GAD antibody and assessed the factors associated with chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications. RESULTS: Of these patients, 26 were GAD antibody-positive. The patients with GAD antibody had lower systolic blood pressure, higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol value, and lower level of fasting and stimulated C-peptide than patients without GAD antibody (P < 0.05). Also, the patients with GAD antibody had lower prevalence of retinopathy compared with the patients without GAD antibody (19.2 vs. 47.9%; P < 0.05). The prevalence of nephropathy, peripheral neuropathy and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy did not differ between the groups. In addition, the prevalence of coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral arterial disease did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that diabetic patients with GAD antibody have a lower risk for the development of retinopathy compared with patients without GAD antibody.
Adult ; Antibodies ; Autoimmunity ; C-Peptide ; Cholesterol ; Coronary Disease ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fasting ; Glutamate Decarboxylase ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Hypertension ; Lipoproteins ; Peripheral Arterial Disease ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Phenotype ; Prevalence ; Thinness