Cardiac involvement related to iron overload caused by long-term blood transfusion is a major cause of death for patients with thalassemia major. Patients' survival will be improved greatly if cardiomyopathy resulted from transfusional iron overload could be detected timely and effective iron chelation be initiated promptly. In the present article, various evaluation Methods currently used in clinical practice are reviewed, with particular focus on cardiac MRI for the monitoring of myocardial involvement related to iron overload.

Objective The study of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 1p36 was performed to locate the deletion areas probably harboring tumor suppressor genes in invasive ductal breast carcinoma not otherwise specified (IDC NOS).Methods Eighty paired breast cancer/normal tissue DNA samples were examined for LOH on chromosome lp36 using eight polymorphic microsatellite (MS) loci.The PCR products were electrophoresed on 8％ denatured polyacrylamide gel and stained using silver staining.Finally,the data were analysed and compared with the clinicopathological parameters using statistical analysis.Results In 80 IDC NOS,LOH was identified in 45 cases (56.3 ％) at least in one MS locus.MS locus D1S1310 showed the highest rate of LOH [35.7％ (25/70)].Conclusion Chromosome 1p36 might be the highly deleted region.The results of this study indicate that the chromosomal regions 1p36.23-33 might contain tumor suppressor genes associated with human breast carcinomas.

Objective To investigate the distribution of alpha2-HS glycoprotein(AHSG) gene polymorphisms and the relationships of AHSG gene polymorphisms with atherosclerosis as well as serum bone related biochemical markers.Methods Blood samples of 344 hospitalized female patients,aged 20～80 years,were sampled for serum bone alkaline phosphatase,cross-linked N-telopeptide of collagen typeⅠ,cross-linked C-telopeptide of collagen type Ⅰ,osteoprotegrin and leptin were determined by ELISA.Serum TC,TG and calcium content were detected.Polymorphism of AHSG gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction fragment length polymorphisms(PCR-RFLP) of restriction enzyme Sac Ⅰ.BMD(Norland XR-36) of the anteroposterior spine(AP),supine lateral spine(Lat) and femoral neck(FN) were measured.Morphological changes in the aorta and bone of type GG patient were detected by pathological microscopy.IMT were measured by color doppler ultrasound equipment(SEQUOIA512).Results(1) The genotype frequency of CC,CG,and GG were 59.7%,25.1% and 15.2% respectively in all elderly female patients.There were significant difference in blood lipids,Ca2+ and serum bone relative biochemical markers to different AHSG genotypes.(2)There were significant differences in the BMD of the AP,Lat,FN and IMT and the serum biochemical markers among the CC,CG and GG genotypes.(3)GG-female patients bone tissue pathology section verify the AHSG polymorphism genetic mutation and atherosclerosis,osteoporosis development of the relationship.Conclusion There was close relationship among AHSG polymorphism variation and the incidence of arteriosclerosis and osteoporosis in elderly female.

Objective To investigate the distribution of alpha2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG) gene polymorphisms and the relationships of AHSG gene polymorphisms with atherosclerosis as well as serum bone related biochemical mark-era. Methods Blood samples of 344 hospitalized female patients, aged 20 ～ 80 years, were sampled for serum bone alkaline phosphatase, cross-linked N-telopeptide of collagen type Ⅰ, cross-linked C-telopeptide of collagen type Ⅰ , osteoprotegrin and leptin were determined by ELISA. Serum TC,TG and calcium content were detected. Poly-morphism of AHSG gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) of restriction enzyme Sac Ⅰ. BMD (Norland XR-36) of the anteroposterior spine (AP), supine lateral spine (Lat) and femoral neck (FN) were measured. Morphological changes in the aorta and bone of type GG patient were detected by pathological microscopy. IMT were measured by color doppler ultrasound equipment(SEQUOIAS12). Results (1) The genotype frequency of CC, CG, and GG were 59.7%, 25.1% and 15.2% respectively in all elderly female patients. There were significant difference in blood lipids, Ca~(2+) and serum bone relative biochemical markers to different AHSG genotypes. (2)There were significant differences in the BMD of the AP, Lat, FN and IMT and the serum biochemical markers among the CC, CG and GG genotypes. (3)GG-female patients bone tissue pathology section verify the AHSG polymorphism genetic mutation and atherosclerosis, osteoporosis development of the relationship. Conclusion There was close relationship among AHSG polymorphism variation and the incidence of arteriosclerosis and osteoporosis in elderly female.

OBJECTIVE:To establish HPLC fingerprint for the leaves of Camptotheca acuminante in Guizhou.METHODS:HPLC method was performed.The determination was performed on Gemini-NX C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.2％ phosphoric acid (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 370 ran,and the column temperature maintained at 30 2.The sample size was 10 μtL.Using sorbitol as a reference,HPLC fingerprints of 14 batches of the leaves of C.acuminante were determined.The chromatographic fingerprint was analyzed with Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM (2004 A) in terms of common peak indentification,similarity evaluation and cluster analysis.RESULTS:There were 10 common peaks in HPLC fingerprints for 14 batches of the leaves of C.acuminate.And the similarity of 13 batches of the leaves of C.acuminate was greater than 0.90,and that of another one was less than 0.90.The leaves of C.acuminate were classified into 3 groups.CONCLUSIONS:The established fingerprint can provide reference for identification and quality evaluation of the leaves of C.acuminate.

Objective To evaluate the value of percutaneous transhepatic angioplasty in treatment of portal vein stenosis (PVS) after pediatric liver transplantation.Methods The data of 8 pediatric patients with PVS after liver transplantation were retrospectively evaluated.All cases were confirmed by portal vein angiography,and were treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and/or percutaneous transluminal stent angioplasty.The effect of endovascular interventional therapy in 8 cases was analyzed.Results A total of 12 times of 8 patients received endovascular interventional therapy.The success rate was 66.67％ (8/12).The clinical success rate of the first treatment was 62.50％ (5/8).Three cases were treated with balloon dilation after the first balloon dilation,and there was no recurrence of PVS after operation in 2 cases.After the treatment of balloon dilation,stent angioplasty was performed in 1 case.There were no complications related to treatment in 8 cases.Conclusion Endovascular interventional treatment is a safe and effective way for PVS after pediatric liver transplantation.

Based on the teaching fact and feature of pharmacy specialty. In this article, curriculum location of general microbiology about object, character, function, content design for the higher vocational colleges were disscused. The result would provide some gist to reform teaching methods for microbiology course.

Objective To explore the febrile response and placental pathological inflammation of pregnant rats exposed to intrauterine infection in late gestation.Methods Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats at gestational day 18 were randomly divided into control group and intrauterine-infected group with six rats in each.The intrauterine-infected group was intraperitoneally injected with 350 μ g/kg lipopolysaccharide to establish a rat model of intrauterine infection,while the control group was injected with sterile saline of the same dose.Core temperature was measured every 1 h after intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide or saline for 8 h.At gestational day 19,after anesthesia,the placentas were taken and stained with HE.The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and interleukin-1β in the placenta were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Student t test was used for statistical analysis.Results (1) There was no temperature difference between the two groups before experimental treatment (P ＞ 0.05).Core temperature was increased 1 h after the lipopolysaccharide injection,reaching (37.67 ±0.08) ℃.The increase of temperature was significant compared with the control group [(37.13 ± 0.08) ℃,t=10.178,P ＜ 0.01].Fever was lowered 2 h later and the rats became hypothermic with body temperature below 37 ℃ in the intrauterine-infected group.The body temperature in the intrauterine-infected group after 2-6 h was (37.70 ± 0.10),(37.23 ± 0.05),(36.57 ± 0.06),(36.60 ± 0.10) and (36.57 ± 0.08) ℃,respectively,compared with the control group [(36.83 ±0.12),(36.63 ± 0.12),(36.71 ± 0.07),(36.87±0.12),and (36.77±0.08) ℃,respectively],the differences being all statistically significant (t=11.402,11.163,-4.025,-4.000 and-4.243,all P ＜ 0.01).(2) HE staining revealed large amounts of neutrophils infiltration,vascular enlargement and congestion in the placenta of the intrauterine-infected rats.No inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the control placentas.(3) The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α [(0.62 ± 0.02) ng/g],interleukin-6 [(66.12 ± 5.11) ng/g],and interleukin-1β [(7.09± 1.23) ng/g] in the intrauterine-infected group were higher than those in the control group [(0.27±0.01),(16.71 ±1.55) and (2.86 ± 0.38) ng/g,respectively].The differences were all statistically significant (t=-26.608,-18.749 and-5.714,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion After exposure to lipopolysaccharide in late gestation,pregnant rats show significant inflammatory response in the placenta,with suppression of febrile response and presence of hypothermia.

Objective To identify differences in the anal sphincter surface electromyography (sEMG)variables in spinal cord injury (SCI) subjects with different severities. Methods One hundred and ten SCI patients' impairments were classified as ASIA A,B,C or D using the International Standards for the Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury.The evaluation was pedormed using sEMG equipment with an inserted anal sensor electrode and the Glazer pelvic floor muscle sEMG protocol.The sEMG variables were recorded and compared. Results There was no significant difference in sEMG variables between groups A and B,but the mean and maximum sEMG values of groups C and D in flick contractions ( 1 s),tonic contractions ( 10 s),and endurance contractions (60 s) were significantly higher than those of group A.Compared with group C,the mean and maximum sEMG values of group D were all significantly higher. Conclusions The sEMG data from the anal sphincter during contractions decreases significantly after SCI.Glazer's pelvic floor muscle sEMG protocol is a noninvasive and convenient real-time assessment.It is a useful complementary tool for quantitative assessment of the pelvic floor muscles of SCI patients.

Objective To observe the effect of autophagy on paclitaxel-induced CaSki cell death through the regulation of the expression of autophagy gene Beclin1, and to explore the interaction and relationship between autophagy and apoptosis. Methods Eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1-Beclin1 and RNA interference vector pSUPER-Beclin1 were transfected into human cervical cancer CaSki cells in vitro and screened for stable expression cell lines. The formation of autophagic vacuoles was observed with an electronic microscope. The expression of Beclin1 and LC3 was measured by Western blot. After being treated with paclitaxel, the change of cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, the percentage of apoptotic cells and autophagic cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results A lot of autophagic vacuoles were observed in pcDNA3.1-Beclin1 cells by electronic microscopy. Beclin1 and LC3 protein expression was up-regulated in CaSki cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-Beclin1, and was inhibited in cells transfected with pSUPER-Beclin1. MTT assay revealed the survival rate of CaSki cells was significantly decreased after being transfected with pcDNA3.1-Beclin1. After being treated with paclitaxel, the percentages of apoptotic cells and autophagic cells were both increased in pcDNA3.1-Beclin1 group compared with that of the blank control group especially the increase of apoptosis was particularly evident. Conclusion Autophagy and apoptosis have different roles in the process of paclitaxel-induced cervical cancer CaSki cell line death. Overexpression of Beclin1 in CaSki cells may enhance the apoptosis induced by paclitaxel.