Sclerosing polycystic adenosis (SPA) of the salivary glands is a rare entity analogous to fibrocystic disease of the breast. Less than 50 cases of SPA have been published in the literature. We report the first Korean case of SPA of the right parotid gland. A 34-year-old man presented with a slowly growing right parotid mass. Computed tomography showed a relatively well-demarcated, heterogeneously enhancing mass with multiple small calcifications. Fine needle aspiration showed cohesive sheets of epithelial cells with granular oncocytic cytoplasm and scattered lymphocytes. The parotidectomy specimen showed a 3 cm-sized solid nodular lesion with small cysts. Microscopically, the lesion was an unencapsulated mass of sclerotic fibrous tissue with cystic ducts, multiple calcifications, and lymphoplasma cell infiltration. Sclerosing adenosis and cystic ducts with frequent apocrine-like cells were noted. Familiarity with the cytologic and histological features of SPA is very important making the correct diagnosis.
Adult ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Breast ; Cystic Duct ; Cytoplasm ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Parotid Gland ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Salivary Glands

Sclerosing polycystic adenosis (SPA) of the salivary glands is a rare entity analogous to fibrocystic disease of the breast. Less than 50 cases of SPA have been published in the literature. We report the first Korean case of SPA of the right parotid gland. A 34-year-old man presented with a slowly growing right parotid mass. Computed tomography showed a relatively well-demarcated, heterogeneously enhancing mass with multiple small calcifications. Fine needle aspiration showed cohesive sheets of epithelial cells with granular oncocytic cytoplasm and scattered lymphocytes. The parotidectomy specimen showed a 3 cm-sized solid nodular lesion with small cysts. Microscopically, the lesion was an unencapsulated mass of sclerotic fibrous tissue with cystic ducts, multiple calcifications, and lymphoplasma cell infiltration. Sclerosing adenosis and cystic ducts with frequent apocrine-like cells were noted. Familiarity with the cytologic and histological features of SPA is very important making the correct diagnosis.
Adult ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Breast ; Cystic Duct ; Cytoplasm ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Parotid Gland ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Salivary Glands

ObjectiveTo explore the role of β-catenin in the proinvasive consequences of hypoxia in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsWe established in vitro and in vivo hypoxic models using the highly metastatic MHCC97 and the stable red fluorescent protein-expressing MHCC97-R cells.The role of β-catenin in hypoxia-mediated aggressiveness was investigated by β-catenin knockdown.ResultsHypoxia caused a pronounced arrest of proliferation in MHCC97 cells,suppressed tumor growth in MHCC97-R xenografts,but promoted in vitro invasiveness and in vivo metastasis.β-Catenin-silencing by short hairpin significantly inhibited the enhanced invasiveness of MHCC97 cells due to hypoxia,reduced the increase in distant metastasis by hepatic arterial ligation,but failed to further restrain cell proliferation.Conclusionβ-Catenin in HCC cells plays an essential role in the hypoxia-induced metastatic potential.A reduction of βcatenin expression inhibited the proinvasive consequences of hypoxia in HCC.

The paper is aimed to establish a method of residue analysis for thiamethoxam and to study its degradation dynamic and final residue and its standard of safe application of thiamethoxam on Lonicera japonica. Samples extracted with methanol by ultrasonication were purified with dichloromethane by liquid-liquid extraction and SPE column and analysed by HPLC-UV. The results showed that average rate was 84.91%-94.44% and RSD 1.74%-4.96% with addition of thiamethoxam in respectively diverse concentration, which meets inspection requirement of pesticide residue. Two kinds of dosages of thiamethoxam were treated- varying from recommended dosage (90 g x hm(-2)) to high dosage (135 g x hm(-2)), Results of two years test showed that thiamethoxam was degraded more than 90% seven days after application and the half - life period of thiamethoxam was 1.54-1.66 d. The digestion rate of thiamethoxam was fast in the L. japonica. The recommended MRL of thiamethoxam in the L. japonica is 0.1 mg x kg(-1), the dosage of 25% thiamethoxam WDG from 90-135 g x hm(-2) is sprayed less than three times a year on L. japonica and 14 days is proposed for the safety interval of the last pesticide application's and harvest's date.
Agriculture ; methods ; standards ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flowers ; chemistry ; growth & development ; parasitology ; Half-Life ; Insect Control ; methods ; standards ; Insecticides ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; growth & development ; parasitology ; Neonicotinoids ; Nitro Compounds ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Oxazines ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Pesticide Residues ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Plant Diseases ; parasitology ; prevention & control ; Thiazoles ; adverse effects ; chemistry

This study aimed at investigating the inhibitory effects and the anti-tumor mechanisms of co-adminis-tration of fusion proteins mGM-CSF/βhCG ( GC ) and hVEGF121/βhCG ( VC ) on RM-1 prostatic cancer and B16 F10 melanoma in the C57 BL/6 J mouse model. Two recombinant stains containing pET-28 a-mGM-CSF-X10-βhCGCTP37 and pET-28 a-VEGF-M2-X10-βhCG-CTP37 were induced by lactose to express fusion proteins. The fusion proteins were separated and purified to prepare the anti-tumor protein vaccines ( VC protein vaccine and GC protein vaccine) , which were then mixed to prepare a combined protein vaccine named VGC protein vac-cine. The prostatic cancer and melanoma tumor-bearing mice C57 BL/6 J were immunized with described vac-cines, then the growth of each tumor was measured;splenocyte proliferation of immunized mice was detected;and the cytotoxic effects of the vaccine on tumor cells were tested. After that, the in vivo concentrations of IFN-γ and anti-hVEGF antibodies were investigated by ELISA. The difference between each experimental group and normal saline group ( NS) was statistically significant in both tumor-bearing mouse models ( P <0. 05) respectively. Besides, VGC group exhibited significantly better anti-tumor effect compared with the GC and VC groups with the anti-tumor rate ( 41. 7 ± 0. 83)% and ( 46. 4 ± 1. 27)% for prostatic cancer and melanoma tumor, respectively. The co-administration of the two proteins, VC and GC, could inhibit the growth of RM-1 prostatic tumor and B16F10 melanoma effectively via anti-tumor immunity and anti-tumor angiogenesis.

Objective To explore the difference in the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA) between different seasons.Methods The present retrospective study examined 2 363 patients undergoing TKA or THA from August 2008 to February 2016.There were 653 male and 1 710 female with the average age of 64.44±13.03 years old (17-91 years old),including 954 patients in TKA and 1 409 in THA.All of the patients received anticoagulant drugs and were compressed with a pressure pump starting on the first postoperative night.Routine venography of the bilateral lower limbs was performed at 3-5 days after the operation.The incidence of DVT in different seasons and different age groups (≥65 years old and ＜65 years old) were counted.Results The present study suggested that the probabilities of DVT after arthroplasty in spring,summer,fall and winter were 15.85％ (116/732),14.92％ (71/476),17.88％ (108/604),22.50％ (124/551) respectively with significantly difference (P＜0.05).The incidence of DVT in winter was higher than that in spring and summer (P＜ 0.017).The probabilities of DVT after TKA in spring,summer,fall and winter were 19.09％ (59/309),15.67％ (37/236),18.11％ (44/243),27.71％ (46/166) respectively with significantly difference (P＜0.05).The incidence of DVT in winter was higher than that in summer (P＜0.017).The probabilities of DVT after THA in spring,summer,fall and winter were 13.48％ (57/423),14.17％ (34/240),17.73％ (64/361),20.26％ (78/385) respectively with significantly difference (P＜0.05),and that in winter was higher than in spring (P＜0.017).The symptomatic DVT after arthroplasty in spring,summer,fall and winter were 3.55％ (26/732),3.78％ (18/476),4.97％ (30/604),6.90％ (38/551) with significantly difference in different seasons (P＜0.05),and that in winter was higher than in spring (P＜0.017).The symptomatic DVT after TKA in spring,summer,fall and winter were 3.88％ (12/309),4.24％ (10/236),4.94％ (12/243),9.64％ (16/166) with significantly difference in different seasons (P＜0.05).The symptomatic DVT in winter was higher than that in spring (P＜0.017).The symptomatic DVT after THA in spring,summer,fall and winter were 3.31％ (14/423),3.33％ (8/240),4.99％ (18/361),5.71％ (22/385) respectively (P＞0.05).The probability of DVT following arthroplasty in older patients (age≥65 years old) in spring,summer,fall and winter were 18.49％ (76/411),16.61％ (45/271),22.07％ (81/367),28.05％ (99/353) with significantly difference among the groups (P＜0.05),while symptomatic DVT in older patients (≥65 years old) in spring,summer,fall and winter were 4.38％ (18/411),4.43％ (12/271),5.72％ (21/367),8.78％ (31/353) respectively with significantly difference (P＜0.05).The probability of DVT in four seasons were 12.46％ (40/321),12.68％ (26/205),11.39％ (27/237),12.63％ (25/198) in younger patients (＜65 years old).However,the difference was not detected among different seasons (P＞0.05).The probability of symptomatic DVT in four seasons were 2.49％ (8/321),2.93％ (6/205),3.80％ (9/237),3.54％ (7/198) in younger patients (＜65 years old) without significant difference (P＞0.05).Conclusion Seasonal variations could place an important effect on the incidence of DVT following TKA or THA,especially for the old patients with age ≥65 years.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints of the chloroform extract fractions of Peucedanum harrysmithii var. subglabrum (PHS) and its phlegm-reducing effect, in order to establish "active component group for reducing phlegm".

METHODHPLC was adopted to determine and analyze HPLC fingerprints of chloroform extract fractions of PHS. Phenol red expectorant experiment was used to observe the phlegm-reducing effect in mice. Mice were administered intragastrically with chloroform extract fractions for 6 days (1.4 g x kg(-1)), with acute bronchitis syrup as the positive control drug (12 mL x kg(-1)). The phenol red secretion in mice was determined by spectrophotometer. Then the grey relational analysis was used to study the spectrum-effect relationship.

RESULTThe phlegm-reducing effect of the chloroform extract fractions of PHS were resulted from the combined effect of all of its chemical components. Its various characteristic peaks represented different chemical components, and the order of their contributions to the phlegm-reducing effect was (number of peaks) 13 > 12 > 16 > 18 > 19 > 6 > 20 > 14 > 1 > 11 > 15 > 10 > 17 > 2 > 5 > 4 > 7 > 3 > 8 > 9, in No. 1, 3, 4, 10, 13 and 16 characteristic peaks were identified as marmesin, psoralen, xanthotoxin, Pd-Ib, pteryxin and peuformosin.

CONCLUSIONThe chloroform extract fractions of PHS show strongly phlegm-reducing effect. There may be certain relationship between their HPLC fingerprint and phlegm-reducing effect.

To compare the short-and long-term effect of two minimal invasive surgical therapies including keyhole approach endoscopic surgery(KAES)and stereotactic aspiration plus urokinase(SAU)in treating basal ganglia hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(hICH). The clinical data of 117 hICH patients(63 received KAES and 54 received SAU)were retrospectively analyzed.The operation time,blood loss during surgery,and drainage time were compared between two groups.The residual hematoma volume,hematoma clearance rate(HCR),Glasgow coma scale(GCS)score,and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score were recorded at baseline and in the ultra-early stage,early stage,and sub-early stage after surgery.The 30-day mortality and serious adverse events were assessed and the 6-month modified Rankin scale(mRS)score was rated. Baseline data showed no significant difference between these two groups.Compared with the SAU group,the KAES group had significantly longer operation time,more intraoperative blood loss,and shorter drainage time(all <0.001).In the ultra-early stage after surgery,HCR was significantly higher in the KAES group(<0.001),whereas in the early and sub-early stage,HCR showed no significant differences(all >0.05).In the ultra-early and early stage,the GCS and NIHSS scores showed no significant differences between two groups(all >0.05),whereas in the sub-early stage,the NIHSS score was better in the SAU group(=0.034).The 30-day mortality and incidences of serious adverse events showed no significant difference(all >0.05).The good recovery(mRS≤3)at 6-months follow-up showed no significant difference between the two groups(=0.413). Both KAES and SAU are safe and effective in treating basal ganglia hICH.In the ultra-early stage after surgery,KAES achieves better residual hematoma volume and HCR,and patients undergoing SAU quickly catch up.The short-and long-term effectiveness of SAU is comparable or even superior to KAES.
Basal Ganglia ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

Objective To investigate the role of circulating neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) levels in the postoperative formation of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods Circulating NET levels were measured preoperatively and on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7 in 30 patients diagnosed with DVT by venography after TKA and 30 controls from May 2014 to July 2015. Results In patients with DVT, the mean circulating NET levels were significantly higher on postoperative days 1 and 3 compared with those in the non?DVT group (postoperative day 1, 1.598 ± 0.067 vs. 1.212 ± 0.037, t=7.514, P=0.000;postoperative day 3, 1.305±0.044 vs. 1.167±0.032, t=2.675, P=0.015). ROC curve analysis revealed the inferior sensitivity and specificity of NET levels on postoperative day 3 compared with postoperative day 1. Area under the curve (AUC) postoperative day 1 was 0.828 (95%CI:0.722, 0.933, P=0.000);AUC postoperative day 3 was 0.677 (95%CI:0.541, 0.814, P=0.018). The cutoff point for NET levels on postoperative day 1 was 1.294, with a sensitivity of 80%, a specificity of 80%, a posi?tive predictive value of 80%, and a negative predictive value of 80%. After Logistic regression, the NET level on postoperative day 1 was considered an independent predictor of DVT (OR:24.08, 95%CI:4.94, 117.28, P=0.000). Conclusion High circulating NET levels are associated with DVT in patients who undergo TKA. NETs may serve as a potential biological marker to delineate patients undergoing TKA who are most at risk for DVT.

Lymph metastasis has great impact on the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients, which can relfect the biological and invasive potential of pancreatic cancer. However, currently, there is no standard in the clinical management of the lymph metastasis in pancreatic cancer. In this report, we will discuss and summarize the followings:lymph metastatic rate and its impact on prognosis, the rule of lymph metastasis, sentinel lymph node, intra-operative lymph nodes mapping, TNM staging, regional lymph nodes resection, number of lymph nodes examined, lymph node ratio, guiding adjuvant treatments, lymphatic targeted therapy.