Cutaneous metastases from internal carcinomas are relatively rare, especially from pancreatic carcinoma. Pancreatic carcinomas are usually adenocarcinomas which arise in the head of the gland, and are known to rapidly metastasize to the lymphatic system by permeation and embolization. We report a case of cutaneous metastasis from pancreatic adenocarcinoma. in 74-year-old male patient who have two pea sized, slight erythematous nodules on the lower abdomen and posterior side of the neck.
Abdomen ; Adenocarcinoma* ; Aged ; Head ; Humans ; Lymphatic System ; Male ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Peas

No abstract available.
Chondrosarcoma* ; Sternum*

A rare case of intramedullary Cysticercosis, at the thoracic cord is introduced which was misdiagnosed as intramedullary tumor and was confirmed after operation. After myelogram developed progressive paraplegia, which was not improved after operation. The myelographic finding of intramedullary Cysticercosis can't differenciate from intramedullary tumor and we have to consider this condition making diagnosis of intramedullary tumor.
Cysticercosis* ; Diagnosis ; Paraplegia

PURPOSE: FGF4(fibroblast growth factor 4) is a newly characterized gene which was found to be a transforming gene in several cancerous cells. FGF4 expression and amplification has been subsequently observed in several human cancers including stomach cancer, breast cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer and bladder cancer. This study was designed to measure the protein expression of FGF4 in malignant skin cancers. METHODS: We examined 8 normal skin tissues and 24 malignant skin tumor tissues which were 8 malignant melanomas, 8 squamous cell carcinomas and 8 basal cell carcinomas. The specimens were analyzed for the protein expression of FGF4 using immunohistochemical staining. To evaluate the amount of expression of FGF4, the histochemical score(HSCORE) was used. RESULTS: FGF4 was expressed more intensely in malignant melanoma, followed by SCC and BCC in immunohistochemistry. The average HSCORE was 0.01 for normal skin, 2.02 for malignant melanoma, 1.28 for squamous cell carcinoma , and 0.27 for basal cell carcinoma, respectively. The expression of FGF4 in malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma was increased in comparison with normal tissues and basal cell cancer, and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05). The difference between malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: These findings provide evidences that the expression of FGF4 plays an important role in malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma progressions. This article demonstrates expression of FGF4 in human skin malignant tumors, and suggests that FGF4 is more expressed in highly aggressive skin tumors.
Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; Fibroblasts ; Head ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung Neoplasms ; Melanoma ; Neck ; Neoplasms, Basal Cell ; Oncogenes ; Skin ; Skin Neoplasms ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

No abstract available.

The pancreas is formed from dorsal and ventral parts which normally fuse in the second month of intrauterine life. Pancreas divisum occurs when the ventral and dorsal elements fail to fuse; as a result, the main bulk of the pancreas drains through the accessory papilla. It is a congenital variait of pancreatic ductal fusion and drainage anomalies. Since the accessoy papilla and Santorinis duct are too all to accept total pancreatic secretion, obstructive pain and pancreatitis may result. Between March 1983 and February 1988, 631 patients underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) in our hospital. We experiericed one case of pancreas divisum. And then, we report it with brief review of literatures.
Drainage ; Humans ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pancreatitis

BACKGROUND: The autonomic nervous system plays a central role in the maintenance of hemodynamic stability. Cardiac autonomic dysfunction may result in serious complications, such as sudden cardiac death. Heart rate variability (HRV) is sigificantly reduced in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis (HD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of on-line hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) on the autonomic nervous system in chronic HD patients. METHODS: Forty chronic HD patients were prospectively studied. The participants were divided into conventional HD and OL-HDF groups. They received regular high-flux HD or OL-HDF for 4-hour sessions, three times a week. Time-and frequency-domain measures of the 24-hour HRV were analyzed during the interdialytic period prior to postdilution OL-HDF and every 6 months for 24 months. The 7-year survival was also evaluated. RESULTS: Among the 40 participants, 15 patients in the HD group and 11 patients in the OL-HDF group completed the study. There was no difference in the baseline characteristics. After 24 months of treatment, beta2-microglobulin concentration decreased (from 33.4 +/- 15.2 mg/dL to 28.4 +/- 6.2 mg/dL, P = 0.02) in the OL-HDF group, while there was no change in the HD group In the HRV analysis, the frequency-domain HRV parameters increased significantly compared with baseline in the OL-HDF group [natural logarithmic high frequency (lnHF), 3.15 +/- 3.36 ms2 vs. 4.42 +/- 3.81 ms2; ln low frequency (LF), 3.56 +/- 3.17 ms2 vs. 4.78 +/- 3.99 ms2; ln very low frequency (VLF), 4.90 +/- 4.62 ms2 vs. 6.38 +/- 5.54 ms2; LF/HF ratio, 1.4 +/- 0.4 vs. 2.5 +/- 0.1]. The survival rate was similar between the groups. CONCLUSION: This study shows that OL-HDF improved autonomic nervous system dysfunction in chronic HD patients.
Autonomic Nervous System ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Hemodiafiltration* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Prospective Studies ; Renal Dialysis ; Survival Rate

The immunogenicity of a single dose of Salmonella typhi(S.typhi) Vi capsular polysaccharide(CPS) vaccine was evaluated before, and at 1, 3, 12, and 36 months after vaccination. Eighty-five adults(20-28 years of age) and sixty-four children(8-16 years of age) received a single dose of 25 micrograms Vi CPS vaccine intramuscularly, and antibody titers to Vi CPS were measured by passive hemagglutination. Of 149 vaccinees, 138(92.6%) showed seroconversion at 1 month after vaccination, and then 138 out of 141(97.9%) did at 3 months. Of 137 vaccinees, 116(84.7%) maintained a persistent rise in Vi antibody titer 12 months after vaccination, and 55 out of 100(55.0%) had a 4-fold or greater rise at 36 months. No significant adverse reactions were observed. Booster injection may be needed 3-5 years after vaccination.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Bacterial/blood ; Antigens, Bacterial/immunology ; Child ; Evaluation Studies ; Human ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/*immunology ; Salmonella typhi/*immunology ; Typhoid Fever/prevention & control ; Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines/adverse effects/immunology/*therapeutic use

OBJECTIVE: To report the method and efficacy of the site specific-defects repair in the endopelvic fascia and uterosacral ligament suspension for the correction of posthysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse. METHODS: This study was performed in 3 patients with posthyterectomy vaginal vault prolapse who underwent the surgery for the reconstruction of endopelvic fascia and the correction of vault prolapsed vagina by using uterosacral ligament suspension at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Moon-Hwa Hospital. Among them, 1 patient was treated by laparotomy, and 2 patients were treated by laparoscope. RESULTS: The age of patients ranged from 49 to 67 years. The mean operation time was 111 minutes (105-120 minutes). The status of postoperative vagina was normal in all 3 patients, who were discharged 9 days after operation without symptoms. No complication or recurrence were found in them despite long-term follow-up for 24 months, 12 months, 7 months, respectively after operation. One patient has been treated with HRT therapy. CONCLUSION: The reconstruction of the defect of endopelvic fascia and uterosacral ligament fixation may be very safe, effective, and functional in the correction of vaginal vault prolapse. This study reports the treatment of vaginal vault prolapse using uterosacral ligament within Korea for the first time.
Fascia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Korea ; Laparoscopes ; Laparotomy ; Ligaments* ; Obstetrics ; Pelvic Organ Prolapse* ; Recurrence ; Vagina

BACKGROUND: With increased prevalence of colorectal cancer, it is important to establish the risk factors of colorectal cancer. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MS) is also increasing. Insulin resistance may play an important role in the pathogenesis of MS and colorectal polyps. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between MS and colorectal polyps. METHODS: A total 558 subjects underwent colonoscopic examination from April 2004 to July 2005 at the health promotion center of Bundang CHA Hospital. According to the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III definition of MS, the waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG) and HDL cholesterol were measured. Alcohol consumption, smoking and other confounding factors were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: The incidence of MS and colorectal polyps was 16.3% and 33.0%, respectively. In subjects with polyps, the number of men, smokers and drinkers were higher than in subjects without polyps. In subjects with polyps, BP, FBG and TG were also higher than in subjects without polyps. After adjustment for possible confounding factors, MS was associated with increased risk of colorectal polyps (odds ratio, 1.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.94~3.22). MS strongly increased the risk of colorectal polyps in men (odds ratio 2.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.07~4.45), but not in women. CONCLUSION: We concluded that MS is a risk factor for colorectal polyps in asymptomatic Korean adults and this suggests that insulin resistance may play an important role in the development of colorectal polyps.
Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Education ; Fasting ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Polyps* ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Triglycerides ; Waist Circumference ; Surveys and Questionnaires