Monilethrix is a rare hereditary disorder of hair first described by Walter G. Smith in 1879, and usually transmitted as autosomal dominant trait. It is characterized hy bead like enlargement af the affected hair, alapecia resulting from ha.ir breakage and keratosis pila.l is. This 3 year old female child patient has been suffered from easy destrurtion of beaded scalp hair and follicular hyperkeratosis of the occipital region since infancy. Past hiatory was ncecontributory and the pe,digree of family showed autosomal dominant trait. Physical examinatior was not rernarkable except skin lesian and laboratory findings were within normal limit. Microscopic finding of the affected hair showed alternating constrictians and node. The scalp bivpsy findings showed mild hyperkeratosis, keratotic plug, mild cellular infiltration of papillary derrnia and perifollicular area.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Keratosis ; Monilethrix* ; Scalp ; Skin

Traumatic dislocation of the first metatarso-phalangeal joint is rare injury. The mechanism of this injury is hyperextension of the great toe, causing displacement of the proximal phalanx on the dorsum of the first metatarsal head and neck. The complex soft tissue anatomy surrounding this joint interferes with the closed reduction of the dislocation. This paper describes a patient with complete dorsal dislocation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint treated at the Paik hospital which cannot be reduced by closed manipulation.
Dislocations ; Head ; Humans ; Joints ; Metatarsal Bones ; Metatarsophalangeal Joint ; Methods ; Neck ; Toes

Elephantiasis neuromatosa is one of 3 types of cutaneous tumors in Von Recklinghausen's disease. This 28 year-old male patient visited for adult-fist sized tumor associated with hairy pigmented patch on right antecubital fossa, and various sized tumors and cafe-au-lait spots on whole body of about 27 years duration. Past history was noncontributory. Family history revealed that his father and son had similar manifestations. Laboratory findings were noncontributory. Histopathology of cafe-au-lait spot and hairy pigmented patch revealed increase of melain in basal cell layer of the epidermis and increase in the concentratiton and activity of the melanocytes in basal cell layer of the epidermis. Histopathology of the mass revealed slightly thin, wavy fibrs lying in loosely textured strands extending in varying directions and a fairly large number of nuclei that are ovel to spindle-shaped and fairly uniform in size.
Adult ; Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Deception ; Elephantiasis* ; Epidermis ; Fathers ; Humans ; Male ; Melanocytes ; Neurofibromatosis 1

BACKGROUND: The choice of anesthetic agents and adjuvants during outpatient surgery is of critical importance. Propofol is widely used for the induction and maintenance of outpatient anesthesia. Because propofol lacks analgesic properties, very high concentrations may be required when propofol is used as the sole anesthetic drug. Propofol is used with adjuvants such as nitrous oxide or opioid. This study was designed to evaluate the intraoperative hemodynamic response, recovery characteristics and side effects of propofol-fentanyl anesthesia compared with propofol-N2O anesthesia for outpatient surgery. METHODS: Twenty six healthy and unpremedicated patients scheduled for outpatient surgery were randomly allocated to receive either propofol-N2O anesthesia (N-group) or propofol-fentanyl anesthsia (F-group). The patients in N-group were ventilated with nitrous oxide 60~70% in oxygen and the patients in F-group were ventilated with oxygen 40% in nitrogen via laryngeal mask airway (LMA). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in blood pressure during anesthesia, recovery time and side effects between two group. There was significant decrease of heart rate in F-group. CONCLUSION: We concluded that nitrous oxide and fentanyl are reasonable adjuvants of propofol anesthesia in outpatient anesthesia.
Ambulatory Surgical Procedures* ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthetics ; Blood Pressure ; Fentanyl ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Laryngeal Masks ; Nitrogen ; Nitrous Oxide ; Outpatients* ; Oxygen ; Propofol

No abstract available.
Mandible* ; Osteoblastoma*

No abstract available.
Mandible* ; Osteoblastoma*

Tuberous Sclrosis is a rare hereditary disease first described by Bourneville in 1880, and usually transmitted as autosomal dominant trait, and is characterized by mental retardation, seizares, and adenoma sebaceum. This 21 year old male patient visited for multiple pin head to pea siaed yelhwish red waxy papules on the face and gingival papillema af 10 years dunatio. Attacks of grandmal seisure eccr oacurred times in the past 8 yeara. Past hiatory and family history were noncountributory. There was a shagreen patch on left lower lumbo-sacral area. Hiatopathology disclosed an adenoma sebaceum showing dilatation of the capillaries, proliferation of collagen, mild cellular infiltration of papillary dermis and perivascular areas. EEG revealed asymmetrieal slow waves on right side of the brain, predommantly in anterior part, and intermittent sharp waves on right anterior frontotemporal area of the brain.
Brain ; Capillaries ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Dilatation ; Electroencephalography* ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Head ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Male ; Peas ; Tuberous Sclerosis* ; Young Adult

Fracture of the scapuls is one of the rare bony injuries seen in hospital practice. Authors reviewed the records and the roentgenograms of forty three patients from April 1976 to March 1987. The results were as follows : l. Of the 43 cases, peak incidence was in the middle aged men with high activity, and age range was 30 to 50 years. 2. The most common cause of injury was the motor vehicle accident. 3. Twenty eight cases of the scapular fracture occurred in the body, and eleven had fractures more than two parts in the scapuls. The most common type was the combined fracture of the body and neck. 4. A severe force was required to produce the injury and 79% of the patients had combined injuries of head and chest. 5. Delay in diagnosis was frequent because of the masking effect of the associated injury. 6. Although results of conservative measurements on the scapular fracture are generally good, we feel that treatment on more active line should be undertaken in young and active patients with fracture involving glenoid.
Diagnosis ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Masks ; Middle Aged ; Motor Vehicles ; Neck ; Scapula ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: Handgrip and cold pressor test may increase the afterload of the heart. And in left ventricular hypertrophy, it is known that mitral flow pattern is affected by decreased left ventricular compliance. We investigated the effects of handgrip and cold pressor test on mitral flow pattern in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. METHODS: Handgrip and cold pressor test were performed in 12 subjects with left ventricular hypertrophy and in 14 healthy normal subjects. In supine position, blood pressure, heart rate and Doppler echocardiographic parameters(early peak flow velocity : E, atrial peak flow velocity : A) were obtained at rest, 1 and 3 minutes after the onset of tests respectively. RESULTS: In both groups, handgrip and cold pressor test increased blood pressure slightly without a statistical significance. In left ventricular hypertrophy group, there were significant increments in heart rates at 1 minute of handgrip (78+/-12min-1, p<0.001) and cold pressor test(77+/-7min-1, p<0.05) as compared to that at rest (73+/-12min-1). Mitral flow velocities did not show significant change after the tests in control group. A waves after 1 minute of handgrip(85.2+/-18.4cm/sec, p<0.05) and cold pressor test (87.3+/-17.8cm/sec, p<0.001) showed significant increases as compared to that at rest (79.1+/-14.9cm/sec) in left ventricular hypertrophy group whereas E waves did not. CONCLUSION: Although handgrip and cold pressor tests did not affect the mitral flow significantly in control group, each test raised A waves in left ventricular hypertrophy group. These results suggest that increased A waves may be due to a rise in afterload and decreased left ventricular compliance caused by handgrip and cold pressor test in left ventricular hypertrophy group.
Blood Pressure ; Compliance ; Echocardiography ; Heart ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular* ; Supine Position

The present study was performed to investigate the role catecholamine in the genesis of reperfusion injury of ischemic heart. The possible involvement of catecholamine in the xanthine oxidase-linked production of oxygen free radicals was studied. langendorff preparations of rat hearts were made ischemic for 60 min followed by reperfusion. Upon reperfusion norepinephrine(NE) was significantly released into the coronary effluent regardless of oxygenation of the perfusion solution. Both the increased releases of creatine phosphokinase(CPK) and malondialdehyde(MDA) and the production of superoxide anion in the ischemic-reperfused hearts were significantly reduced by the treatment with either reserpine, a catecholamine depletor, or propranolol, a beta-adrenergic receptor blocker. In the reserpinized hearts, infusion of exogenous NE reversed the releases of CPK and MDA and the superoxide anion production to the original higher levels. The releases of CPK and MDA as well as the production of superoxide anion induced by NE in the reserpinized hearts were significantly depressed either by allopurinol, a specific competitive inhibior of xanthine oxidase(XOD), or by the calcium removal from the perfusion solution. Compared with the XOD activity of control ischemic hearts, that of the hearts treated with reserpine or propranolol showed lower activity in the oxygen radical producing 0-form and higher activity in D/0-form. In the reserpinized ischemic hearts, infusion of exogenous NE increased 0-form, but decreased D/0-form of XOD. The changes in XOD activities induced by exogenous NE was prevented by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride(a serine protease inhibitor) and pimoxide(a calmodulin inhibitor) as well as by calcium removal from the perfusion solution. It is suggested from the results that in the inchemic-reperfused heart of rat catecholamine participates in D/0 to 0-form conversion of XOD by promoting the calcium-calmodulin-dependent proteolysis and plays a contributing role in the production of oxygen free radical.
Allopurinol ; Animals ; Calcium ; Calmodulin ; Creatine ; Free Radicals ; Heart* ; Oxygen ; Perfusion ; Propranolol ; Proteolysis ; Rats* ; Reperfusion Injury* ; Reperfusion* ; Reserpine ; Serine Proteases ; Superoxides ; Xanthine Oxidase* ; Xanthine*