No abstract available.
Down Syndrome* ; Granulocyte Precursor Cells* ; Leukemia*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: We tried to evaluate the clinical characteristics, the treatment methods, the results of treatments, and the patterns of failure in ovarian dysgerminoma retrospectively. According to the results we would like to suggest the proper management guideline of stage la ovarian dysgerminoma patients who want to maintain fertility. METHODS AND MATERIALS : Between 1975 and 1990, 34 patients with ovarian dysgerminoma were treated at the Yonsei University Hospital. The case records of these patients have been reviewed for presenting symptoms, treatment methods, local control, and survival following treatment. Excluded from analysis were five patients with mixed ovarian germ cell tumors and gonadoblastomas (46,XY). Treatment results of the twenty nine patients were analysed by each treatment modality. Twenty one patients were treated with surgery and postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy(group 1). The other eight patients were treated with operation alone (group 2). The median age of twenty-nine patients was 23 years with a range of 8 to 39 years. Presenting symptoms were abdominal mass(20), pelvic discomfort or pain(5) et al. Radiotherapy was performed by 10MV LINAC or Co-60 teletherapy unit. The total radiation dose of the whole abdomen was 20-25 Gy/3weeks, 1-1.5 Gy/fraction with a boost to the whole pelvis 10-15 Gy / 1-2 weeks1.8-2.0 Gy/fraction. Advanced stage disease (stage II or stage III) patients received prophylactic mediastinal and supraclavicular irradiation to a dose of 16-26 Gy. Median duration of follow-up of living patients was 80 months (range : 13-201 months) RESULTS: All of the twenty one patients of group 1 were alive without disease (100%). Among the eight patients who were not treated with radiotherapy (group 2), six patients developed local recurrence. Four patients referred with recurrent disease were treated with salvage radiotherapy. Three of four patients were salvaged and one patient who had recurrent intra-abdominal disease died of progressed carcinomatosis at 11 months after salvage radiotherapy. The other two patients with recurrence were salvaged with chemotherapy (1 patient) or re-operation (1 patient). Twenty eight patients remained alive without disease at last follow up, so the 5 year local control rate and 5 year overall survival rate for all groups were 96.6% (28/29), respectively. Among thirteen patients with stage la unilateral tumors seven patients were treated with postoperative radiotherapy and the other six patients were treated with unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy alone. Five patients who did not received radiotherapy developed local failure but all of the recurrent ovarian dysgerminomas were salvaged with radiotherapy, chemotherapy or re-operation, So all the 13 patients with stage la ovarian dysgerminoma were free of disease from 20-201 months (median 80 months). CONCLUSION: The authors consider external irradiation to be an effective treatment as a complement to surgery in ovarian dysgerminoma. For those patients with disease presenting in stage la tumors who wish to maintain fertility, unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy alone may be curative and spare ovarian function considering excellent salvage rate of recurrent ovarian dysgerminoma in present study.
Abdomen ; Carcinoma ; Complement System Proteins ; Drug Therapy ; Dysgerminoma ; Fertility ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gonadoblastoma ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; Pelvis ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

This paper describes that invasive aspergillosis was found in oral cavity, especially in lower molar periodontium in a immunocompromised 34-year-old woman who had been admitted in hemato-oncology with the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia. Antifungal therapy and surgical excision of involved teeth, bone and gingiva were the treatment of choice. After treatment infected area was healed very well. We would like to report our case because we could not find any paper reporting on invasive aspergillosis occurring in lower molar periodontium.
Adult ; Aspergillosis* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Gingiva ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Molar* ; Mouth ; Periodontium ; Tooth

PURPOSE: Recurrent bile duct stones, following biliary surgery, cause many difficult problems and reoperation on the biliary tract has limitation due to high mortality and morbidity. In recent years, various non-operative modalities for the management of recurrent stone have been developed and reoperation on biliary. This study was designed to determine the factors contributing to the success rate, and to investigate the optimal treatment method, of reccurrent biliary stones. METHODS: Thirty-nine patients, treated by percutaneous transhepatic stone removal (PTBD group), and 42 treated by a common bile duct exploration (operation group), at Chung- Ang University Hospital, between January 1999 and August 2002, were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Complete removal (Success) was achieved in 82.1 and 86.1% of the cases of the PTBD and operation groups, respectively. There were no significant differences observed relating to the sex, age, duration of hospital stay, cost, success rate. However, the complication rate was significantly decreased in the PTBD group (8 cases (20.5%) vs. 22 cases (51.2%) P=0.0057). CONCLUSION: Form the comparison of the operation and PTBD groups, similar success rates were observed. Percutaneous transhepatic stone removal is also an effective method for the management of recurrent bile duct stones. After studying more cases, re-evaluation must be performed concerning the potential advantages of percutaneous transhepatic stone removal.
Bile Ducts ; Biliary Tract ; Common Bile Duct ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Mortality ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies

Cerebrovascular disease and coronary heart disease are the first and the fourth common causes of death among adults in Korea. Reported risk factors of one of these diseases may prevent other diseases. Therefore, we tried to compare and discriminate the risk factors of these diseases. We recruited four case groups and four control groups among the inpatients who were admitted to Wonju Christian Hospital from March, 1994 to November, 1995. Four control groups were matched with each of four case groups by age and sex. The number of patients in each of four case and control groups were 106 and 168 for acute myocardial infarction(AMI), 84 and 133 for subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH), 102 and 148 for intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH), and 91 and 182 for ischemic stroke(IS) respectively. Factors whose levels were significantly higher in AMI and IS than in responding control group(RCG) were education, economic status, and triglyceride. Factors whose levels were significantly lower in hemorrhagic stroke than in RCG were age of menarch, and prothrombin time. The factor whose level was higher in AMI than in RCG was uric acid. The factor whose level was higher in AMI, ICH, and SAH than in RCG was blood sugar. Factors whose levels were significantly higher in all the case groups than in RCG were earlobe crease, Quetelet index, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and total cholesterol. The list of risk factors were somewhat different among the four diseases, though none of the risk factors to the one disease except prothrombin time acted as a preventive factor to the other diseases. The percent of grouped cases correctly classified was higher in the discrimination of ischemic diseases(AMI and IS) from hemorrhagic diseases(SAH and ICH) than in the discrimination of cerebrovascular disease from AMI. The factors concerned in the discrimination of ischemic diseases from hemorrhagic diseases were prothrombin time, earlobe crease, gender, age uric aci, education, albumin, hemoglobin, the history of taking steroid, total cholesterol, and hematocrit according to the selection order through forward selection.
Adult ; Blood Glucose ; Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies* ; Cause of Death ; Cholesterol ; Coronary Disease* ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Education ; Gangwon-do ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Korea ; Leukocyte Count ; Prothrombin Time ; Risk Factors* ; Stroke ; Triglycerides ; Uric Acid

Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jaw ; Mucous Membrane ; Osteoma ; Recurrence ; Wounds and Injuries

Blood Vessels ; Head ; Hemangioma ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; Neck ; Parturition ; Vascular Malformations

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the potential role of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) in the treatment of primary unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. The preliminary results on the efficacy and the toxicity of 3D-CRT are reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen patients were enrolled in this study, which was conducted prospectively from January 1995 to June 1997. The exclusion criteria included the presence of extrahepatic metastasis, liver cirrhosis of Child-Pugh classification C, tumors occupying more than two thirds of the entire liver, and a performance status of more than 3 on the ECOG scale. Two patients were treated with radiotherapy only while the remaining 15 were treated with combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. Radiotherapy was given to the field including the tumor plus a 1.5 cm margin using a 3D-CRT technique. The radiation dose ranged from 36~60 Gy (median; 59.4 Gy). Tumor response was based on a radiological examination such as the CT scan, MR imaging, and hepatic artery angiography at 4~8 weeks following the completion of treatment. The acute and subacute toxicities were monitored. RESULTS: An objective response was observed in 11 out of 17 patients, giving a response rate of 64.7%. The actuarial survival rate at 2 years was 21.2% from the start of radiotherapy (median survival; 19 months). Six patients developed a distant metastasis consisting of a lung metastasis in 5 patients and bone metastasis in one. The complications related to 3D-CRT were gastro-duodenitis (>or= grade 2) in 2 patients. There were no treatment related deaths and radiation induced hepatitis. CONCLUSION: The preliminary results show that 3D-CRT is a reliable and effective treatment modality for primary unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma compared to other conventional modalities. Further studies to evaluate the definitive role of the 3D-CRT technique in the treatment of primary unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma are needed.
Angiography ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Classification ; Hepatic Artery ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Lung ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prospective Studies ; Radiotherapy ; Radiotherapy, Conformal* ; Survival Rate ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to analyze the patterns of care and treatment outcomes in patients with primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) in a single institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of 29 patients with PTL treated between April 1994 and February 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy (n = 17) or thyroidectomy (n = 12). Treatment modality and outcome were analyzed according to lymphoma grade. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 43.2 months (range, 3.8 to 220.8 months). The median age at diagnosis was 57 years (range, 21 to 83 years) and 24 (82.8%) patients were female. Twenty-five (86.2%) patients had PTL with stage IEA and IIEA. There were 8 (27.6%) patients with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and the remaining patients had high-grade lymphoma. Patients were treated with surgery (n = 2), chemotherapy (n = 7), radiotherapy (n = 3) alone, or a combination of these methods (n = 17). Treatment modalities evolved over time and a combination of modalities was preferred, especially for the treatment of high-grade lymphoma in recent years. There was no death or relapse among MALT lymphoma patients. Among high-grade lymphoma patients, 5-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) were 75.6% and 73.9%, respectively. Complete remission after initial treatment was the only significant prognostic factor for OS (p = 0.037) and PFS (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Patients with PTL showed a favorable outcome, especially with MALT lymphoma. Radiotherapy alone for MALT lymphoma and chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy for high-grade lymphoma can be effective treatment options for PTL.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Medical Records ; Methods ; Physician's Practice Patterns ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Thyroidectomy ; Treatment Outcome