Colon cancer stem cells(Co-CSCs)are a small fraction of subgroup cells,which show the capabilities of self-renewal,proliferation and differentiation in colon cancer.Co-CSCs are tumorgenic,and they play an important role in the genesis development and metastasis of tumor.These studies of Co-CSCs may help developing effective targets and novel strategies for clinical tumor therapy.

Epidemiological and animal studies have demonstrated that dietary lower intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and(or) higher intake of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-6 PUFAs) leading to imbalance of their ratios are closely related to obesity.The mechanisms underlied are involved in PUFA′s effects on fatty acid synthesis and oxidation,adipocyte proliferation and differentiation and leptin expression.At transcription level,PUFAs can regulate the activities of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and CCAAT enhancer bin-ding proteins.

Objective To assess the accuracy of ultrasonographic measurement of gastric fluid volume in predicting the occurrence of nausea and vomiting during and after emergency cesarean section.Methods Seventyseven ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients aged 18-35 yr weighing 66-87 kg undergoing emergency cesarean section were divided into 3 groups according to the preoperative gastric fluid volume:group A ≤ 0.4 ml/kg (n =21); group B 0.4-0.8ml/kg (n =34) and group C ＞ 0.8 ml/kg (n =22).Gastric fluid volume was calculated by Bouvet regression equation,based on antral area of the stomach measured with M-Turbo ultrasonography system (Somo Site Co.USA).Cesarean section was performed under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with 0.4％ ropivacaine.BP,HR and SpO2 were measured and recorded after entering the operating room,at skin incision and at the end of operation.The occurrence of nausea and vomiting was recorded during operation and within 1 h after operation.Results There was no significant difference in hemodynamic variables among the 3 groups.The incidence of nausea was comparable among the 3 groups:33％ in group A,35％ in group B and 46％ in group C,while the incidence of vomiting was significantly higher in group C (46％) than in group A (10％) and group B (15％).Conclusion The incidence of vomiting is significantly higher during and within 1 h after emergency cesarean section in patients with preoperative gastric fluid volume ＞ 0.8 ml/kg,but the incidence of nausea is not related to preoperative gastric fluid volume.

To build up total,perfect,scientific,feasible teaching quality monitoring system in sub-colleges,and further fully explore efficient monitoring method,technique is an important measure of ensuring teaching quality under the background of expansion of recruitment.This paper discusses total teaching quality monitoring system from guiding ideology,basic content,inplementing regulations of monitoring system.

Child ; Fibroma ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; pathology ; Nose Neoplasms

Objective To investigate the relationship between mammary ductal hyperplasia and ductal carcinoma by detecting the expressions of Notch1 and Cyclin D1 in various histotypic mammary ductal diseases.Methods A total cases of 44 normal ductal tissues,44 usual ductal hyperplasias.40 atypical ductal hyperplasias,42 ductal carcinomas in situ and 51 invasive ductal carcinomas were included in this study.Expressions of Notch1 and Cyclin D1 were detected by S-P immunohistochemistry.Results There was significant difference of expression of Notch1 among the five subgroups of this study(P<0.01);there were significant differences between every two subgroups(P<0.05)except for normal ductal tissues versus usual ductal hyperplasias and ductal carcinomas in situ versus invasive ductal carcinomas(P>0.05).There was also significant difference of expression of CychnD1 amongthe five subgroups of this study(P<0.01),and there were significant difference between every two subgroups(P<0.05)except for normal ductal tissues versus usual ductal hyperplasias and normal ductal tissues versus atypical ductal hyperplasia(P>0.05).The correlation between Notch1 and Cyclin D1 was negative (r=-0.428,P<0.01).Conclusions There is a relationship between mammary ductal hyperplasia and ductal carcinoma.Decrease of Nowhl or increase of Cyclin D1 expressions may promote nmnmmry ductal hyperplasia advancing to manunary ductal carcinoma.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; analysis ; Humans ; Luminescence

Objective To investigate the perioperative nursing of patients with Stanford type B aortic dissections treated with endovascular graft exclusion.Method The clinical data of 22 cases undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair from February 2011 to August 2013 were retrospectively analyzed to summarize the nursing experience.Results Twenty-two patients survived successfully through operation.One case had retrograde type A dissection after operation,another 15 had hyperthermia,and all of them were cured and discharged due to symptomatic treatment.The postoperative 3 months follow-up showed no type I endoleak.Conclusion Preoperative psychological nursing,postoperative blood pressure control,nursing of complications,strengthening instruction of diet and physical activity,are critical for the promotion of early rehabilitation of patients after discharge.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of dexmedetomidine injected into axillary sheath in alleviating the tourniquet pain during brachial plexus block with ropivacaine.Methods Sixty ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 18-60 yr,weighing 52-85 kg,scheduled for the replantation of amputated finger,were randomly divided into 2 equal groups (n =30 each):ropivacaine group (group R) and dexmedetomidine mixed with ropivacaine group (group DR).All patients underwent axillary brachial plexus block guided by a nerve stimulator.When the intensity of electric stimulation ≤ 0.4 mA,flexion of fingers or wrist still existed,and the local anesthetic was injected into the axillary sheath.0.5％ ropivacaine 40ml was injected in group R.0.5％ ropivacaine mixed with 100μg dexmedetomidine 40ml was injected in group DR.The pressure of inflation was set at 200-250mmHg,and the stress duration was 120 min.Tourniquet pain and the level that the patients could tolerate was evaluated using visual analog scale (VAS) at 120 min of stress status.The patient' s satisfaction with anesthesia was rated and the development of adverse cadiovascular events and local and systemic adverse reactions were recorded.Excessive sedation was measured with Ramsay score in group DR.Results Compared with group R,the tourniquet pain that the patients could tolerate was significantly increased,the severity of tourniquet pain was reduced and the incidence of adverse cadiovascular events was decreased in group DR (P ＜ 0.01).No serious tourniquet-related complications were observed in both groups.No patients developed excessive sedation in group DR.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine 100μg injected into the axillary sheath can safely and effectively alleviate the tourniquet pain when used during brachial plexus block with ropivacaine.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the optimum preoperative fasting time and in tervals between eating and trauma in pediatric patients undergoing emergency orthopedic surgery by measuring the gastric antral cross-sectional area (CSA) using ultrasound.Methods Fifty ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ pediatric patients,aged 2-7 yr,weighing 10-25 kg,undergoing elective orthopedic surgery,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =25 each) using a random number table:6-h fast group (group CA) and 8-h fast group (group CB).Seventy-five ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ pediatric patients,aged 2-7 yr,weighing 10-25 kg,undergoing the emergency orthopedic surgery,were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the interval between eating and trauma:interval ≤ 1 h group (TA group,n =22),1 h ＜ interval ≤ 4 h group (TB group,n =26) and interval ＞ 4 h group (TC group,n =27).CSA was measured at 6 h after the last eating (T1) in group CA,8 h after the last eating (T2) in group CB and T1 and T2 in TA,TB and TC groups.Results There was no significant difference in CSA between group CA and group CB (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group CA,CSA was significantly enlarged in TA and TB groups (P ＜ 0.05) and no significant change was found in group TC (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group CB,CSA was significantly enlarged in TA group (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in TB and TC groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group TA,CSA was significantly decreased at T1 in TC group and T2 in TB and TC groups (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found at T1 in TB group (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group TB,CSA was significantly decreased at T1 (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found at T2 in TC group (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the CSA measured at T1,CSA was significantly decreased at T2 in TB group (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found at T2 in TA and TC groups (P ＞0.05).Conclusion For the pediatric patients undergoing emergency orthopedic surgery,when the interval between eating and trauma is within the period of 1-4 h,an 8-h preoperative fast is recommended; when the interval ＜ 1 h,an 8-h preoperative fast is still not able to achieve the aim of fasting and measures should be taken to avoid regurgitation of gastric contents; when the interval ＞ 4 h,the preoperative fasting time can be properly shortened to 6h.