The objective of the present study was to identify the characteristics of phospholipase C (PLC) isozymes purified from bovine brain and to investigate their interrelationship with G protein. The purified PLC isozymes β, γ and δ were obtained and the characteristics of PLC activity on various concentrations of free Ca²⁺ were observed. The activity of PLC was increased with increasing Ca²⁺ concentration and the activity PLC δ was increased higher in the presence of phosphatidyl choline (PC) than in the absence of PC. For vesicle formation as the structure of cell membrane, cholic acid and deoxycholic acid as detergent on phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP₂) substrate containing PC were used, and then the activity of PLC isozymes were increased with increasing concentration of cholate, from 0.2% to 1% and were increased slightly in deoxycholate. In the PIP₂ containing phospholipid and glycolipid as brain extract, the activity of PLC isozymes were checked in 0.2-1% cholic acid. The activities of PLC isozymes were continuously increased up to 1% cholic acid. The quantitation of PLC isozymes from several bovine organs by radioimmunoassay was made. Brain was the most sufficient organ in terms of amount of PLC β and δ. A large amount of PLC δ was existed in adrenal gland. The binding capacity of GTPrS and G protein was observed and other observations of the binding effect of GTPrS-G protein and PLC monoclonal Ab-Protein A from tissue homogenate with PLC were made. From the observation the binding capacity was revealed the range of 0.11-1.49%. The effects of each type of G protein on the percent activity of purified PLC isozymes were observed. From the observation, activities of isozymes were increased in Goa & Gmix, and the activities of PLC β and δ were increased in Gβγ and Gia. Activities of PLC β and γ were decreased in Gta but PLC δ increased.
Adrenal Glands ; Brain* ; Cell Membrane ; Cholates ; Cholic Acid ; Choline ; Deoxycholic Acid ; Detergents ; GTP-Binding Proteins* ; Isoenzymes ; Phosphatidylinositols ; Phospholipases* ; Radioimmunoassay ; Type C Phospholipases*

No abstract available.
Crowns*

Porokeratosis are characterized by distinct clinical findings of a keratotic ridge that corresponds to the cornoid lamella on histology and has well defined potential for malignancy. We report a case of basal cell carcinoma(BCC) arising in linear porokeratosis in a 77-yearold man.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Porokeratosis*

No abstract available.
Chlamydia* ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second* ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Pulmonary Embolism*

Fracture of the femoral neck occurred after internal fixation of intertrochanteric fracture of the femur is very rare and have been described previously in terms of stress fracture, stress-riser fracture, Youngs modulus fracture or iatrogenic fracture in the literature. This fracture documented about 20 cases in the English literature and usually occurred in elderly patients with osteoporosis and it always occur in the subcapital region. We report a case of subcapital stress fracture of the femur occurred after internal fixation with compression hip screw of intertrochanteric femur fracture.
Aged ; Elastic Modulus ; Femur Neck ; Femur* ; Fractures, Stress* ; Hip ; Humans ; Osteoporosis

OBJECTIVE: Sinus pericranii (SP) is a rare vascular malformation characterized by abnormal communication between the extracranial and intracranial venous systems, usually involving the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) and occasionally, the transverse sinus. CASE REPORT: A 28-year-old man was presented with a round, fluctuant, nonpulsatile scalp mass in the frontal area near the midline, the size of which changed, depending on his head position. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an extracranial vein extending through a bony defect in the vertex of the skull and draining into the superior portion of the sagittal sinus. RESULTS: The lesion was completely removed by surgery. The presence of vascular endothelium in the pathologic specimen suggests a congenital or spontaneous origin. CONCLUSION: SP is a rare vascular malformation that requires surgical or endovascular treatment for the prevention of life-threatening complications.
Adult ; Endothelium, Vascular ; Head ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Scalp ; Sinus Pericranii ; Skull ; Superior Sagittal Sinus ; Vascular Malformations ; Veins

A Comparative study was retrospectively performed with 374 infants in order to find protective effect of breast feeding for infection. This study shows that breast feeding protect infant against gastrointestinal and respiratory infection. Breast feeding offers advantage by reducing gastraintestinal and respiratory infection when they should maintain breast feeding for at least three months. 1) First year morbidity increased with extent of artificial feeding and was nearly two fold for babies not breast-fed. 2) Prescence of older sibling, low birth weight and male sex are associated with increased morbidity. 3) Infant illness from 0~3 months, 4~6 months, 7~10 months, 11~12 moths was analyzed. Compared with the 108 bottle fed babies, the babies who had been partially (40) or fully (136) breast fed had significantly lower rate of gastrointestinal illness at 7~10 month (p<0.05), 11~12 month (p<0.005) and respiratory illness at 7~10 month (p<0.05). 4) Between the early weaning group (90) and the bottle group (108) showed no siggnificant difference. 5) Among the babies observed throughout the first year of life, 35 (9%) and 46 (12) were admitted to hospital with gastrointestinal and respiratory infection. Babies who were breast fed for more than 3 month had significant lower rate for hospital admission due to gastrointestinal and respiratory infection when compared with bottle fed babies. Breast feeding durning more than 3 month of life confers protection against gastrointestinal and respiratory infection.
Breast Feeding* ; Breast* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Moths ; Nutritional Support ; Retrospective Studies ; Siblings ; Weaning

BACKGROUNDS:Bile reflux gastritis can occur when pylorus ablation is associated with bile stasis in the stomach. It can also occur with a gastrojejunostomy when bile is continuously poured into the gastric remnant after a vagotomy and an antrectomy. The diagnosis of bile reflux gastritis can be made only when the patient has bile gastritis documented on biopsy; the simple observation of a bile-stained mucosa in a gastric remnant is not sufficient to make the diagnosis of bile reflux gastritis. METHODS: Technetium-99m diisopropyl iminodiacetic acid (Tc-99m DISIDA) scintigraphy was used to study bile reflux into the gastric remnant in 31 patients with gastric operations. All patients had gastrofibroscopic biopsies in order to identify the bile reflux gastritis. RESULTS: Tc-99m DISIDA Scintigraphy identified bile reflux in 15 (83.2%) of 18 patients after a subtotal gastrectomy and a Billroth II gastrojejunostomy. Hewever, no bile reflux occured in either the 10 patients with a hemigastrectomy plus Billroth I gastoduodenostomy or the 3 patients with a truncal vagotomy plus pyloroplasty. Also, gastrofibroscopic biopsies identified bile reflux gastritis in only 3 patients (9.7%) with a subtotal gastrectomy plus Billroth II reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS: The patients who underwent a subtotal gastrectomy and Billroth II reconstruction showed higher bile reflux rates than did the patients who underwent a hemigastrectomy plus Billroth I reconstruction and a truncal vagotomy plus pyloroplasty (p<0.05). Also, only 9.7% of the postgastrectomy patients developed bile reflux gastritis.
Bile Reflux ; Bile* ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Gastrectomy ; Gastric Bypass ; Gastric Stump ; Gastritis ; Gastroenterostomy ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Pylorus ; Radionuclide Imaging* ; Reflex* ; Stomach ; Vagotomy ; Vagotomy, Truncal