The effects and roles of social support and stressors (stressful life events and chronic strains) on psychosocial distress were examined in a model with data from a sample of the white-collar workers (N = 416) in Korea. The findings of this study present that mean levels of psychosocial distress were higher' in the female, youth, unmarried and divorced, and low economic status (monthly income). The analysis also shows that, as expected, stressful life and chronic strains as stressors are positively related to occurrence of psychosocial distress, and social support is negatively related to psychosocial distress. Further, the contribution of social support to predicting psychosocial distress is greater in magnitude than that of stressful events, chronic strains, and sociodemographic variables. There is no evidence that social support buffers the impacts of stressors on psychosocial distress, rather social support takes a role of main or direct effects on psychosocial distress. Therefore, the strength of the social support is an important and meaningful strategy to prevent from stress and mental, physical illness.
Adolescent ; Buffers ; Divorce ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Life Change Events ; Single Person

Neurofibromatosis is an autosomal dominant abnormality that may affect multiple organ systems. The eyelids, the orbits, the adjacent tissues and bones may be involved with varying frequency and severity. The management of orbitotemporal neurofibromatosis depends very much on the type and severity of the orbital involvement and on the functional state of the eye. Experience with surgical management of orbitotemporal neurofibromatosis involved in the orbit, the temporal soft tissue and bone with blind eye is reported. The goal of surgery is tumor resection, reconstruction of the orbital socket, aesthetic eyelids, and insertion of the artificial prosthesis. A two stage approach is recommended. In the first stage, tumor is resected and the orbital socket is reconstructed with titanium mesh plate and cranial bone graft. After reconstruction of the orbital socket, galeal flap is rotated posteriorly to cover the mesh plate and canthopexy is accomplished. Mask lift is performed to enhance aesthetics. In the second stage, correction of the bulky eyelids is achieved and orbital space for insertion of the artificial prosthesis is reconstructed. Authors have managed a orbitotemporal neurofibromatosis with blind eye of a 41-year-old male using titanium mesh plate and bone graft with satisfactory results.
Adult ; Esthetics ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Male ; Masks ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Orbit ; Prostheses and Implants ; Titanium ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung*

No abstract available.
Histiocytosis*

The Q-switched ruby laser has been used in clinics since the early 1980s. It was tried to remove tattoos at first with good effects. Thereafter, some physicians reported the usefulness of the laser in the treatment of some kinds of pigmented lesions such as nevus of Ota, freckles and lentigines. The reason why the Q-switched ruby laser has a lot of effect on tattoos and some pigmented lesions is that the laser has the function of selective photothermolysis on those cutaneous lesions. The authors have treated 185 patients with tattoos and cutaneous pigmented lesions using the Q-switched ruby laser during last 4 years ago. Patients had tattoos, nevus of Ota, freckles, lentigines, melasma, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, and were followed up over 5 months after the end of the laser treatment. The authors analysed the results and compared them with other's results in Caucasians, and we intended to present a guide of the treatment using Q-switched ruby laser in Koreans. The results were as follows 1. Tattoos showed good results after the treatment because the most of tattoos are black or dark blue in color and cheated by amateur. We repeated the laser treatments with the interval of 2 weeks. 2. Nevus of Ota, freckles and lentigines showed good results after treatment of the Q-switched ruby laser 3. Melasma showed no improvement after the treatment. 4. The treatment of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation using the Q-switched ruby laser must be confined within a part of the lesion at the first visit of patient, because the therapeutic effects were observed in some patients only and the degree of depigmention after treatment was diverse. 5. The most common complication after Q-switched ruby laser treatment was pigmentary change, including hyperpigmentation in most of the cases and hypopigmentation in some cases. However, there was no visible scar or remarkable change of skin texture in all of the cases.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cicatrix ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Hypopigmentation ; Lasers, Solid-State* ; Lentigo ; Melanosis ; Nevus of Ota ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Non ulcer dyspepsia(NUD) is a commonly encountered disease at the primary practice. The relations of functional gastrointestinal disorder and Irritable bowel syndrome with depression or stress were suggested by previous studies. But the contributions of the anxiety, depression and stress as a whole to the NUD were not assessed. In this study, we wanted to show the associations of the anxiety, depression and stress levels with NUD. METHODS: This study was performed by case and control method from Aug. 1 to Sep. 7 at the outpatient department of Family Medicine and at the Health Management and Service department in Pusan Paik Hospital. The both groups were matched by sex and age. The case was defined who has three or more symptoms among nine upper gastrointestinal symtoms like dyspepsia, epigastric pain and anorexia etc. frequently or alwalys and who has no ulcer at the gastrofibroscope. The anxiety, depression, stress levels were measured by questionnaire which was validated by previous studies. The questionnaire was composed of Trait-STAI, Jung's Self Depression Scale(SDS), Modified BEPSI, and Grobal Assessment of Recent Stress(GARS) Scale. RESULTS: The total subjects were 136 persons(NUD group : 86 persons/control group : 86 persons). There were. significant differances in regularity of diet(P<0.001), levels of education(P=0.009), and history of medications(P<0.001) between two groups. The two group had higher scores than the control group in the depression score, anxiety score and modified BEPSI score(P<0.001). All items in GARS showed higher scores in NUD group than in control group(P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: NUD group had higher degree of anxiety and depression than the control group. It seems that the NUD may have streeful status. When we encounter the NUD in outpatiet department, we had better consider the underlying psychogenic or stressful conditions.
Anorexia ; Anxiety* ; Busan ; Depression* ; Dyspepsia* ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; Outpatients ; Ulcer* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

Apert syndrome is an uncommon, congenital disorder characterised by malformation of the skull, most often acrocephaly or oxycephaly, in association with symmetrical syndactyly of both hands and feet. It is due to disturbance in the growth of bone and soft tissue affecting principally the head, the hands and the feet. The original description was presented by Troquart in 1886, and acrocephaloyndactyly was named by Apert in 1906. Since then, more than 200 cases have been reported in the world upto 1970. Recently, we have experienced three for typical Apert syndrome and made a brief related literature review
Acrocephalosyndactylia* ; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities ; Craniosynostoses ; Foot ; Hand ; Head ; Skull ; Syndactyly

No abstract available.
Hemangioma* ; Liver* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

No abstract available.
Hemangioma* ; Liver* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*