A new crush anastomosis model which can be evaluated as crush energy was established on the femoral artery and vein of the rats weighing 250g on the average. The degrees of vessel injury were evaluated as crush energy. The arteries underwent the crush injury with the energy of 0.3J, 0.4J, 0.5J, while the reins were crushed with the energy of 0.2J, 0.3J, 0.4J respectively then the vessels in each group were divided and anastomoses by a standard microsurgical technique. Saline and heparin were used as a luminal topical agent and systemic one, which allowed contact with the damaged endothelium. The heparin treated group had a patency rate of 95%(0.3J), 87.5%(0.4J), 40%(0.5J) vs. 55%(0.3J), 15%(0.4J), 10%(0.5J) in the saline irrigated group in the femoral arteries, which had the patency rate of 82.5%(0.2J), 72.5%(0.3J), 42.5%(0.4J) vs. 35%(0.2J), 12.5%(0.3J), 7.5%(0.4J) in the saline irrigated group in the femoral vein at 1 day. There was a energy-related decrease in patency rate. These findings indicate that the crush model of 0.4J in the rat femoral artery, 0.3J in the rat femoral vein is a reliable and reproducible thrombosis model. The model described in this study is to be used to evaluate and assess the ability of antithrombotic agent in preventing thrombosis at the anastomotic site.
Animals ; Arteries ; Endothelium ; Femoral Artery ; Femoral Vein ; Heparin ; Phenobarbital ; Rats* ; Thrombosis ; Veins

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans

BACKGROUND: One of prominent cardiovascular effects of imipramine is postural hypotension. The present study was to verify whether imipramine has a central hypotensive action and futher to investigate its mechanism of action. METHODS: Rats(male, Sprague-Dawley) weighing 250-300g were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium(50mg/kg, ip). Imipramine was administered into the left lateral cerebral ventricle. Mean arterial pressure(MAP) and heart rate(HR) were continuously monitored from the right femoral artery. RESULTS: Intracerebroventricular(icv) imipramine(3micromol/kg) caused decrease in MAP without significant alterations in HR, of which safety dose-range was very narrow. 1micromol/kg did not affect MAP and 10micromol/kg caused deaths of animals within 10min. Intravenous infusion of the same dose(3micromol/kg) of imipramine caused only a transient hypotension within 5min. Hexamethonium-treated(1mg/kg/min) rats did not respond to icv imipramine. Regitine pretreatment(2mg/kg, iv) prevented the hypotensive response to icv imipramine. Yohimbine pretreatment(500microg/kg, icv) not only blocked the hypotensive effect, but it caused a transient pressor response to icv imipramine. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that imipramine has a separate hypotensive effect which is mediated through central alpha2-adrenoceptors.
Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Cerebral Ventricles ; Femoral Artery ; Heart ; Hypotension ; Hypotension, Orthostatic ; Imipramine* ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Pentobarbital ; Phentolamine ; Rats* ; Yohimbine

No abstract available.
Fingers* ; Replantation*

No abstract available.
Transplants*

The autogenous fascia graft has been used for various surgical purposes because it has good durability, a gliding capacity, elasticity and a high survival rate. However, few studies have reported histological changes of the graft in various situations. This study attempted to determine histomorphologic changes after autogenous fascia graft in various surgical conditions. The results revealed were as follows: 1. The tension applied to grafts plays the key role in the survival rate of autogenous fascia grafts. 2. Rolling the fascia reduced the volume and weight after autogenous graft due to fibrosis and central fatty degeneration. 3. Autogenous fascia graft covering silicone blocks showed its fascial structure and reduction of the formation of fibrous capsule around the silicone.
Elasticity ; Fascia ; Fibrosis ; Silicones ; Survival Rate ; Transplants*

The gate control theory was proposed by Melzack & Wall in 1965. This theory implies that selective stimulation of cutaneous afferent fibers of large diameter inhibits pain. Transcutaneous electrical stimulation(TNS) is a practical employment of this concept. TNS was used on 14 herpes zoster patients to relieve associated pain. Good effeet was obtained in 13 patients. They experienced relief of their pain for 1-4 hours after 20 minutes of application. TNS has many advantages over analgesic drugs in the control of pain in herpes zoster.
Analgesics ; Employment ; Herpes Zoster* ; Humans

Botulium toxin A has been used therapeutically in humans for over 20 years for a variety of medical indications. Some wrinkle and unsightly facial expressions are due to hyperkinetic muscle. For the past year, the author has injected it for variant purpose, so we describe the our experience with the variant extended use of the toxin including correction for just dynamic wrinkle, used with subperiosteal face lifting or peeling, post-traumatic twitching, and facial paralysis and relevant anatomy are discussed. Also we have another concept about muscle anatomy which have superficial and deep portion. The superficial portion is for harmonious action with SMAS during facial expression, which is also related to fine wrinkle, and the deep portion play role gross movement. Botulium toxin is safe and effective in varient field without complication. Its use is associated with a high degree of patient and physician satisfaction.
Exotoxins* ; Facial Expression ; Facial Paralysis ; Humans ; Rhytidoplasty

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histologic difference that occured after trichloroacetic acid(TCA) chemical peel in an animal model that was pretreated with Tretinoin alone or Tretinoin-based combined pretreatment kit. Eight Hartley white guinea pigs were used in our study. The dorsal skin of the guinea pigs was divided into six equal squares(2x2 cm). Upper two areas of these six were not pretreated, middle two areas were pretreated for 4 weeks with Tretinoin alone and lower two areas were pretreated for 4 weeks with Tretinoin-based combined kit. Each guinea pig underwent chemical peel with 50% TCA. The wounded areas were biopsied at post-peeling 3 weeks and 6 weeks. The histology revealed that those animals pretreated with combined kit healed quicker than the animals pretreated with Tretinoin alone. This study implies that if patients are treated with Tretinoin-based-combined pretreatment kit before undergoing chemical peel, the pretreatment time will be shortened.
Animals ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Skin ; Tretinoin* ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.